FOREST MONITORING PROTOTYPE SYSTEM USING WEB MAPPING TECHNOLOGY

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FOREST MONITORING PROTOTYPE SYSTEM USING WEB
MAPPING TECHNOLOGY

• RESTEC Kaori Kuroiwa
• NASDA Shin-ichi Sobue
• NASDA Osamu Ochiai

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Contents

• Background
• Purpose
• Introduction of Web Mapping Technology
• Providing Data
• Use case
• System Overview
• Main Considerations for system design
• Conclusion

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Background

• Earth observation data has been highly effective
  in environmental monitoring, especially it has
  been shown to be useful for monitoring forest
  fires and for agricultural management
• However, Earth Observation Satellite data is not
  yet commonly used for operational purposes.
• So, we would like to promote research and
  operational use of Earth Observation Satellite
  data for agriculture and forest fire applications
  by providing multi-satellite data and in-situ
  data.

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Purpose

• To study new services and possibilities of data
  interoperability between the Ministry of
  Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan
  (MAFF) and National Space Development Agency of
  Japan (NASDA) through the Development of a
  prototype system for the forest fire monitoring
  in Thailand

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Introduction of web mapping technology

• Standard interface of Interoperability for
  Spatial data via WWW.
• OpenGIS Consortium (OGC) Specification
• Standard interface between Client and Server
• Possible to send the request as same message
  format to multiple servers (to the distributed
  environment)
• Possible to develop own system independently
• Dont need to understand the system configuration
  of other servers, only care about the standard
  interface

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WMS (Web Map Server)
http//a-map-co.com/mapserver.cgi?VERSION1.1.0RE
QUESTGetMap SRSEPSG4326BBOX-97.105,24.913,78
.794,36.358 WIDTH560HEIGHT350LAYERSAVHRR-09-
27STYLES FORMATimage/pngBGCOLOR0xFFFFFFTRAN
SPARENTTRUE EXCEPTIONSapplication/vnd.ogc.se_in
image
Combined Image
Referencehttp//www.opengis.org/techno/implementa
tion.htm
http//b-maps.com/map.cgi?VERSION1.1.0REQUESTGe
tMap SRSEPSG4326BBOX-97.105,24.913,78.794,36.
358 WIDTH560HEIGHT350LAYERSBUILTUPA_1M,COAST
L_1M,POLBNDL_1M STYLES0XFF8080,0X101040,BLACKFO
RMATimage/pngBGCOLOR0xFFFFFF TRANSPARENTTRUE
EXCEPTIONSapplication/vnd.ogc.se_inimage
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Providing Data

• Fire risk map
• the risk of each 10 days is determined by the
  dryness of the area using NOAA/AVHRR NDVI and
  channel 4.
• JERS1-SAR mosaic data
• Mosaic data of Southeast Asia using JERS1-SAR
• No Forest Area mask data
• No Forest Area mask data of Thailand
• Hotspots data
• Hotspots extract from NOAA/AVHRR data
• Hotspots extract from DMSP/OLS data
• Map data
• DCW (Digital Chart World) coastline, boundaries
• Global Map river, load and so on

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Fire risk maps
October
March with no forest area mask
October with no forest area mask
March
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JERS1-SAR image
Target area Thailand
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Use case

• Target user
• Forest fire monitoring operators in Thailand
• Needs of operators
• To grasp the situation about extensive forest
  fire easily and timely
• For an operational system it is important to
  study the use case.

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Use Case

• Operators can find the latest fire locations and
  evaluate further risk of fires by combining fire
  risk maps with the latest hot spot information.
• For a more detailed understanding the operator
  can zoom into an area and overlay hot spots onto
  the JERS-SAR mosaic image to understand the
  topography. Also, the operator can overlay state
  boundaries, rivers, roads, etc.
• For confirming the location of fire spot the
  operator can see the lat/lon information on other
  window.
• Operator can do temporal searches on historical
  (past) Fire Risk maps and hot spots database.
• Operator can save the image in JPEG format and
  hot spot lat/lon information in text format.

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System overview

• Fire risk map server (WMS 1.1.0)
• For getting a request from the forest monitoring
  client and sending to the client a fire risk map
  which is processed according to a request
• JERS1-SAR mosaic data server (WMS 1.1.0)
• For getting a request from forest monitoring
  client and sending to the client a mosaic image
  which is processed according to a request
• Hotspots server (WMS 1.1.0 WFS 0.0.14)
• For overlying the hotspots on the fire risk map
  and mosaic image, WMS interface is used.
• For showing the location (lat/lon) of hotspots
  WFS interface is used.
• Forest monitoring client
• For sending the requests to multiple server and
  getting the image from multiple servers and
  combine multiple images

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Machine environment
Server name OS Software
Fire risk map server Solaris 2.7 Apache( WWW server), Perl (Script languare), IDL (Image processing software)
JESR-SAR mosaic data server Linux 7.3 Apache, Perl, IDL
Hotspots data server Linux 7.3 Apahce, Perl, PostgreSQL (DB), IDL
Forest monitoring Clinet Linux 7.3 Apahce, EarthNavi (Map Applet), PostgreSQL (DB), PHP, GD library
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Figure 2 System Configuration
Request
Forest Monitoring Client
internet
Result
internet
User
WMS and WFS I/F pert
Request
Request
Request
Request
Image
Image
GML
Image
Fire risk map (WMS)
JERS SAR Mosaic data server
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Main considerations for system design

• Simple and Easy user interface
• According to study the use case, the usefulness
  functions were selected.
• Reduce a missing of input form user by preparing
  the check box and pull down menu
• Consideration of limited bandwidths in Thailand
• Small data sizes
• Minimize the number of transmissions
• How to show the continuous days of forest fire
• Important to know the continuous days of forest
  fire
• Forest fire usually continue 3days, big forest
  fire continue 5days.
• Scientists wanted the system to show the number
  of days that a fire had burned in the same area.
• The solution chosen was to show the age of the
  fire by its color. Thus, a new fire is shown in
  red, a fire one day old is shown in pink, and
  fires that are two or more days old are shown in
  another color.

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Display image
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Legend of Hot spots
AVHRR hotspots
DMSP/OLS hotspots
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Conclusions

• Confirmed the possibilities to provide the
  valuable services by combining the data from
  multiple servers using web mapping technology
• By using the standard interface
• Possible to provide the data to WMS compliant
  system
• Increase the field of data usage
• Prototype system operation is scheduled to end of
  February, 2003.
• We will obtain comments from the users to guide
  us in developing a more useful system.
• In addition, this data will be available to the
  planned Digital Asia Network for Southeast Asia
  as a demonstration system.