Hematopoiesis from pluripotent stem cells to mature, differentiated, cellular effectors of immunity

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Hematopoiesisfrom pluripotent stem cells
tomature, differentiated, cellular effectors of
immunityand moreRichard A. Poirier for
HHMI/Harvard Immunology Summer Project 2004
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Click on one of the following effector cells to
see the sequence of different cells that lead to
its production

• Th- Helper Cell
• B Cell
• Macrophage
• Neutrophil (alternative path)
• Mast Cell
• Platelets

• Tc Cytotoxic Cell
• Dendritic Cell
• Neutrophil
• Eosinophil
• Basophil
• Erythrocyte

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T - helper cell pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Lymphoid Stem CellDaughter cell of the
Pluripotent Stem Cell, this cell will divide to
produce progenitors to either B cell or T cell
lines.
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T cell progenitor leaves the bone marrow and
settles in the thymus will produce Thymocyte
cells in the thymus which can, in turn
differentiate into T helper cells, T killer
cells, or T memory cells
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The Thymocyte is located in the thymus and
divides to produce mature T effector cells..
Th (helper)Tc (cytotoxic-killer) or Tm (memory)
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Th (helper) cellwhen activated by an Antigen
Presenting Cell like a macrophage with antigen,
the Th cell will induce rapid growth of white
blood cells which help fight infection
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Tc (cytotoxic/killer) cell pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Lymphoid Stem CellDaughter cell of the
Pluripotent Stem Cell, this cell will divide to
produce progenitors to either B cell or T cell
lines.
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T cell progenitor leaves the bone marrow and
settles in the thymus will produce Thymocyte
cells in the thymus which can, in turn
differentiate into T helper cells, T killer
cells, or T memory cells
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The Thymocyte is located in the thymus and
divides to produce mature T effector cells..
Th (helper)Tc (cytotoxic-killer) or Tm (memory)
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Tc (cytotoxic or killer) CellsSometimes
called CTLs (cytotoxic T lymphocytes, these may
recognize infected self cells and destroy them.
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B cell pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Lymphoid Stem CellDaughter cell of the
Pluripotent Stem Cell, this cell will divide to
produce progenitors to either B cell or T cell
lines.
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B Cell progenitorfound in the bone marrow of
higher vertebrates and the Bursa of Fabricius in
birds, these cells will produce antibody
producing B cells.
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B Cells these are found in the blood and , when
activated will produce antibodies against
particular antigens. Each cell produces antigen
specific antibodies of only one type.
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Dendritic cell pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Myeloid Stem Cells daughters of the Pluripotent
Stem Cells, these are the progenitors of a host
of specialized white blood cells (WBCs), red
blood cells (RBCs) and the blood platelets which
are crucial to blood clotting.
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Granulocyte -Monocyte Progenitor cells can
differentiate into monocytes or neutrophils
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Monocytes act as antigen presenting cells
(APCs), as Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxic Cells
(ADCC) , and promote inflammation.
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Dendritic Cell like the macrophage, this cell is
phagocytic it inhabits the tissues looking for
foreign intruders to devour.
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Macrophage pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Myeloid Stem Cells daughters of the Pluripotent
Stem Cells, these are the progenitors of a host
of specialized white blood cells (WBCs), red
blood cells (RBCs) and the blood platelets which
are crucial to blood clotting.
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Granulocyte -Monocyte Progenitor cells can
differentiate into monocytes or neutrophils
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Monocytes act as antigen presenting cells
(APCs), as Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxic Cells
(ADCC) , and promote inflammation.
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Macrophagefunctions as antigen presenting cell
(APC), in inflammation, and in ADCC
(antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
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Neutrophil Pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Myeloid Stem Cells daughters of the Pluripotent
Stem Cells, these are the progenitors of a host
of specialized white blood cells (WBCs), red
blood cells (RBCs) and the blood platelets which
are crucial to blood clotting.
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Granulocyte -Monocyte Progenitor cells can
differentiate into monocytes or neutrophils
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Monocytes act as antigen presenting cells
(APCs), as Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxic Cells
(ADCC) , and promote inflammation.
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Neutrophilsfunction in antimicrobial activity,
inflammation response, and antibody-dependent,
cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
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Alternative Neutrophil pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Myeloid Stem Cells daughters of the Pluripotent
Stem Cells, these are the progenitors of a host
of specialized white blood cells (WBCs), red
blood cells (RBCs) and the blood platelets which
are crucial to blood clotting.
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Granulocyte -Monocyte Progenitor cells can
differentiate into monocytes or neutrophils
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Neutrophilsfunction in antimicrobial activity,
inflammation response, and antibody-dependent,
cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
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Eosinophil Pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Myeloid Stem Cells daughters of the Pluripotent
Stem Cells, these are the progenitors of a host
of specialized white blood cells (WBCs), red
blood cells (RBCs) and the blood platelets which
are crucial to blood clotting.
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Eosinophil Progenitorwill produce eosinophils
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Eosinophilthese cells are active in the immune
response to asthma, allergies, and parasites.
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Mast Cell Pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Myeloid Stem Cells daughters of the Pluripotent
Stem Cells, these are the progenitors of a host
of specialized white blood cells (WBCs), red
blood cells (RBCs) and the blood platelets which
are crucial to blood clotting.
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Basophil Progenitor a product of the
specialization of Myeloid stem cells, this cell
will produce either Mast Cells or Basophils
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Mast Celllike the related basophils these cells
function in inflammation and allergic response.
When mature, they become granulated and are found
in tissues, not in peripheral blood.
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Basophil pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Myeloid Stem Cells daughters of the Pluripotent
Stem Cells, these are the progenitors of a host
of specialized white blood cells (WBCs), red
blood cells (RBCs) and the blood platelets which
are crucial to blood clotting.
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Basophil Progenitor a product of the
specialization of Myeloid stem cells, this cell
will produce either Mast Cells or Basophils
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Basophilthis IgE responsive cell is
characterized by cytoplasmic granules which, when
released, function in destruction of parasites
and also in allergic reactions. The cell releases
histamine and platelet activator and other
chemical signals.
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Platelet pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Myeloid Stem Cells daughters of the Pluripotent
Stem Cells, these are the progenitors of a host
of specialized white blood cells (WBCs), red
blood cells (RBCs) and the blood platelets which
are crucial to blood clotting.
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Megakaryocytefragments into subcellular pieces
called platelets
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Plateletsare blood elements without nuclei that
circulate and are involved in blood clotting and
inflammation.
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Erythrocyte Pathway
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Pluripotent Stem CellThis is the
undifferentiated precursor to all of the blood
cells, red and white, and other immune effector
cells, and platelets.
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Myeloid Stem Cells daughters of the Pluripotent
Stem Cells, these are the progenitors of a host
of specialized white blood cells (WBCs), red
blood cells (RBCs) and the blood platelets which
are crucial to blood clotting.
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Erythroid Progenitorderived from a myeloid stem
cell, this is destined to produce the most
common blood cell, the erythrocyte.
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Erythrocytesor red blood cells (RBCs)are
enucleated cells that travel throughout the
Circulatory System and carry Oxygen to all parts
of the body via the abundant hemoglobin found
within them.
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To learn more about Hematopoiesis click HERETo
see slides of real blood cells, click HERE