IT for Energy Conservation and Global Warming

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IT for Energy Conservation and Global Warming
Prof.Dr. Srisakdi Charmonman President of the
Computer Association of Thailand under the Royal
Patronage of HM the King
charm_at_ksc.au.edu
www.charm.au.edu
Keynote Address , Fujitsu Family Club Conference
on Green IT Policy Innovation Intercontinental
Bangkok Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand. November 13,
2008
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IT for Energy Conservation and Global Warming

• Introduction
• Green IT Revolution
• Green IT at IT Companies
• Green Data Center
• Green Telework
• Concluding Remarks

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• Introduction.

• Many developed and developing countries have
  taken part in Green IT as a solution to the
  problems of - High oil price - Global warming

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Introduction (Cont.)

• From Wikipedia, the oil price in the U.S.
  increased from US 16 in January 1999 to US 145
  in July 2008. Although it was reduced to about
  US 60 in November 2008, it is still much
  higher than US 16 in 1999.

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Introduction (Cont.)
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Introduction (Cont.)

• From Wikipedia, Global warming is the increase
  in the average measured temperature of the
  Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the
  mid-20th century, and its projected
  continuation.

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Introduction (Cont.)

• Global surface temperature increased 0.74
  0.18 C (1.33 0.32 F) during the 100 years.

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Introduction (Cont.)

• From Wikipedia, Green computing is the study
  and practice of using computing resources
  efficiently.

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Introduction (Cont.)

• Green IT provides IT system design solutions that
  minimize materials used, reduce waste, and
  improve energy efficiency.
• A Green IT initiative must be systemic in
  nature, and address increasingly sophisticated
  problems.

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Introduction (Cont.)

• Solution may comprise items such as - End user
  satisfaction- Management restructuring-
  Regulatory compliance- Disposal of electronic
  waste

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Introduction (Cont.)

• Telecommuting
• Virtualization of server resources
• Energy use
• Thin client solutions
• Return on investment (ROI)

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Introduction (Cont.)

• The goals of Green IT are to- Reduce the use of
  hazardous materials - Maximize energy
  efficiency during the products lifetime-
  Promote recyclability or biodegradability of
  defunct products and factory waste.

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2. Green IT Revolution.

• 2.1 Timeline of Green IT.
• 2.2 Benefits of Green IT.
• 2.3 Twelve Questions around Green IT.

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2.1 Timeline of Green IT.

• In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection
  Agency launched Energy Star.

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Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)
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Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)

• Energy Star is a voluntary labeling program which
  is designed to promote and recognize
  energy-efficiency in monitors, climate control
  equipment, and other technologies.
• This resulted in the widespread adoption of
  sleep mode among consumer electronics.

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Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)

• The term green computing was probably coined
  shortly after the Energy Star program began.
• There are several USENET posts dating back to
  1992 which use the term in this manner.

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Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)

• Concurrently, the Swedish organization TCO
  (Tjänstemännens Central Organization) launched
  the TCO Certification program to include
  criteria on energy consumption, ergonomics, and
  the use of hazardous materials.

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Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)

• Many governmental agencies have continued to
  implement standards and regulations that
  encourage green computing.

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Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)

• The Energy Star program was revised in October
  2006 to include stricter efficiency requirements
  for computer equipment, along with a tiered
  ranking system for approved products.

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Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)

• U.S. States have established state-wide recycling
  programs for obsolete computers and consumer
  electronics equipment.

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2.2 Benefits of Green IT.

• Reduce travel time and cost.
• Help customer reduce environment burden.
• Save money for buying computer component.
• Inspire employees.

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1) Reduce travel time and cost.

• Gartner Dataquest estimates that 25 of US
  employees worked from home, at least once a week
  in 2007, European levels seems to be
  comparatively higher.

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Reduce travel time and cost (Cont.)

• Another study estimates that 33 million
  Americans are employed in roles suitable for
  telecommuting removing these commuters from
  daily travels could drive down oil imports by
  25 and reduce carbon emissions.

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2) Help customer reduce environment burden.

• There is a New Green Policy Innovation project
  from Fujitsu
• This project aims to achieve a cumulative
  reduction of more than 7 million tons of CO2 from
  fiscal 2007 through fiscal 2010.

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Reduce environment burden (Cont.)

• The Fujitsu project will reduce the environment
  burden of IT infrastructure through and entire
  data centers that utilize such technology.

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Reduce environment burden (Cont.)

• In addition, the Fujitsu project will reduce
  customers environment burden through the
  introduction of new IT applications, including
  outsourcing and consulting services.

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3) Save money for buying computer component.

• Green IT will save a lot of money because using
  PC power management can cut energy costs by
  20-60 per PC.
• For many organization, this can mean a 5-15
  reduction in overall, organization-wide energy
  consumption.

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4) Inspire employees.

• Employees feel a deep sense of pride working in
  organization that do their part for the
  environment.

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Inspire employees (Cont.)

• When employees know their computers are using
  less than half the power they used to, with no
  impact on productivity, they will know they
  personally are helping to reduce the companys
  carbon footprint.

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2.3 Twelve Questions around IT.

• From www.cio.com.au/index.php/id1236180095,
  There are 12 questions and answers around green
  IT for CIOs to get with green.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 1. What is sustainable IT?
• Sustainable, or green, IT is a catch-all term
  used to describe the manufacture, management,
  use and disposal of information technology in a
  way that minimizes damage to the environment.
• As a result, the term has many different
  meanings, depending on whether you are a
  manufacturer, manager or user of technology.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 2. What is sustainable IT manufacturing?
• Sustainable IT manufacturing refers to methods
  of producing products in a way that does not
  harm the environment.
• It encompasses everything from reducing the
  amount of harmful chemicals used in products
  (such as lead and mercury) to making them more
  energy efficient and packaging them with
  recycled materials.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 3. What is sustainable IT management and use?
• Sustainable IT management and use has to do with
  the way a company manages its IT assets. It
  includes purchasing energy-efficient desktops,
  notebooks, servers and other IT equipment, as
  well as managing the power consumption of that
  equipment.
• It also refers to the environmentally safe
  disposal of that equipment, through recycling or
  donation at the end of its lifecycle.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 4. What is sustainable IT disposal?
• Sustainable IT disposal refers to the safe
  disposal of IT assets. It ensures that old
  computer equipment does not end up in a
  landfill, where the toxic substances it contains
  can leach into groundwater, among other
  problems.
• Many of the major hardware manufacturers offer
  take-back programs, so IT departments don't have
  to take responsibility for disposal.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 5. What is the goal of sustainable IT?
• The goal behind most green initiatives, including
  green IT, is to promote environmental
  sustainability.
• In 1987, the World Commission on Environment and
  Development defined sustainability as an
  approach to economic development that meets the
  needs of the present without compromising the
  ability of future generations to meet their own
  needs.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 6. What does it have to do with me?
• No one seriously disputes that global warming is
  due to human activity. IT is an energy hog.
  Gartner estimates that power consumption by
  computers accounts for 2 percent of global
  carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.
• That's roughly equal to the carbon output of the
  airline industry.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 7. Can it help my company?
• There are some steps IT departments can take
  toward becoming green that don't cost a lot. You
  can start by reminding your IT staff to turn off
  their PCs or shut off the lights before leaving
  for the day and championing such behavior
  companywide.

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Can it help my company? (Cont.)

• Meanwhile, there are many IT investments you
  probably want to make anyway that will also
  reduce your impact on the environment.
  Virtualization technologies, server
  consolidation, PC power management and
  deployment of more efficient equipment when you
  do a refresh can reduce energy consumption while
  simultaneously improving IT operations.

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Can it help my company? (Cont.)

• There's some evidence that more people seek to
  do business with companies that offer green
  services and products, or that have a proven
  track record in corporate social responsibility.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 8. How can I cut my energy bills?
• There are two ways that IT managers can help to
  reduce their companies energy consumption -
  run data centers more efficiently - manage
  desktops more efficiently

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 9. How can I make my data center more efficient?
• The first step for CIOs who want to cut data
  center energy costs is to get to know their data
  centers in detail.
• IT generally is unaware of how much energy it
  consumes running servers and air conditioners.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 10. How can I reduce my electricity consumption
  on the desktop?
• CIOs can use the Electronic Product Environmental
  Assessment Tool (EPEAT) developed by the Zero
  Waste Alliance to evaluate your purchases.
• In the year 2008, six organizations, which were
  recognized for their use of EPEAT, saved a total
  of over 5 million buying greener equipment.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 11. How do I recycle IT equipment?
• There are a different ways to get rid of IT
  equipment without throwing it in the dumpster.
• Many manufacturers offer take-back programs
  through which they assume responsibility for
  proper disposal.

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How do I recycle IT equipment (Cont.)

• Some companies that offer take-back services also
  offer data security services to insure that
  intellectual property and confidential
  information is removed from the hardware but the
  major companies involved in e-waste recovery.

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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)

• 11. How can IT make my operations greener?
• IT can help almost any part of the business
  lessen its environmental impact. For example,
  technologists can help reduce the amount of
  paper employees use for printing or deploy
  tracking systems to measure plant emissions.

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How can IT make my office greener (Cont.)

• IT systems can also help save energy by
  controlling heat and air conditioning in office
  buildings.

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3. Green IT at IT Companies.

• 3.1 The Top 12 Green-IT Vendors.
• 3.2 The Top 12 Green-IT Users.

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3.1 The Top 12 Green-It Vendors.

• IBM
• British Telecom
• Qualcomm
• Aplicor
• Fujitsu
• Microsoft

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The Top 12 Green-It Vendors (Cont.)

• Hewlett-Packard
• Network Appliance
• Other World Computing
• Verizon Wireless
• Computer Sciences
• Sun Microsystems

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1) IBM

• From www-03.ibm.com, IBM was named one of the
  Top Green IT companies in IDGs Computerworld
  for 2008.

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IBM (Cont.)

• IBM has taken serious look at how IBM impact the
  environment and how IBM can address those
  challenges with good business sense, through
  IBMs Project Big Green initiative and a
  company-wide focus on energy efficient
  technology and services.

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IBM (Cont.)

• IBMs Project Big Green is a 1 billion
  initiative to dramatically reduce energy use by
  company and IBMs clients.

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IBM (Cont.)

• IBM initiative included new energy efficient IBM
  products and services and a five step approach
  to energy efficiency in the data center that will
  sharply reduce data center energy consumption and
  transform clients technology infrastructure
  into green data centers and provide energy
  savings of up to 42 percent for an average data
  center.

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IBM (Cont.)

• IBM initiative also includes a new global green
  team of more than 850 energy efficiency
  architects from across IBM.

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2) British Telecom

• From www.btplc.com,British Telecom was named
  one of the Top Green IT companies in IDGs
  Computerworld for 2008.

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British Telecom (Cont.)

• BT supply chain has been placed in the top
  quartile of the 2008 Supply Chain Monitor Global
  Survey on Green Supply Chains which was
  conducted by BearingPoint Management and
  Technology Consultants.

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British Telecom (Cont.)

• BT has launched a new rang of energy efficient
  telephones and confirmed that more than 90
  percent of its entire home phone range will be
  more energy efficient by July 2008, at no extra
  cost to the consumer.

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British Telecom (Cont.)

• BTs environmental credentials have been given a
  boost, with renewal of its corporate
  certification against the international
  environmental management system (EMS) standard
  ISO14001 for another 3 years.

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British Telecom (Cont.)

• The corporate accreditation covers the UK,
  Ireland and Belgium.
• Standalone accreditation has also been awarded
  to BT's operations in Italy and Spain.

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British Telecom (Cont.)

• BT has entered the Chatsworth list of FTSE 100
  green companies for the first time.
• The green survey polled 1,500 journalists,
  sustainability experts and political groups.

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3) Qualcomm

• From www.earth2tech.com,Qualcomm saves
  millions with Green IT.
• In 2004 it began construction of a new corporate
  building and attached a data center to the
  corporate offices.

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Qualcomm (Cont.)

• The building contains a cogeneration plant that
  takes the waste heat delivered by all servers in
  the data center and uses it to partially power
  the office building.

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Qualcomm (Cont.)

• That idea won Qualcomm a 600,000 award from the
  State of California, and has returned the cost of
  construction in the form of power savings in
  just four years.

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Qualcomm (Cont.)

• The cogeneration plant reduced
• the energy costs of the building by 39 percent
  and saved the chip maker 2.9 million last year.
  

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Qualcomm (Cont.)

• The company has also focused on virtualizing its
  storage.
• It managed to increase the amount of data stored
  in each box to 70 percent from 40 percent, which
  means that, in terms of power costs, storing a
  terabyte of data costs a third less than it used
  to be.

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Qualcomm (Cont.)

• The company was supposed to build a new data
  center in the year 2008, but virtualization has
  meant higher server and storage utilization so
  now it can afford to hold off until 2010.
• (The virtualization efforts also cut power costs
  in the data center by 50 percent.)

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Qualcomm (Cont.)

• So far, the virtualization efforts have saved
  Qualcomm 20 million, with 5 million of that
  coming from power cost-reductions.

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4) Aplicor

• From www.aplicor.co.uk, Aplicor was named one
  of the top 12 Green IT companies in IDG's
  Computerworld top Green-IT Companies for 2008.

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Aplicor (Cont.)

• Computerworld recognized Aplicor for
  demonstrating leadership and innovation to
  reduce energy consumption in IT data centers and
  leverage technology to conserve energy and lower
  carbon emissions.

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Aplicor (Cont.)

• Aplicor's GREEN Technology initiatives,
  collaboration with other environmentally
  conscience technology companies and policy
  suggestions are an integral part of Aplicors
  corporate culture and shared values.

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Aplicor (Cont.)

• After approximately 12 months of research and
  development followed by implementation, Aplicor's
  Global Reach for Energy and Efficiency Next
  Generation (GREEN) program commenced in February
  2007 at Aplicor data centers in the U.S. and UK.

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Aplicor (Cont.)

• This program pioneered leading environmental IT
  techniques including improved power consumption,
  re-engineered power distribution, new
  techniques in cooling efficiency, server
  virtualization and new footprint schemas for
  improved equipment density.

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Aplicor (Cont.)

• The program has realized approximately 19
  percent reduction in power and carbon dioxide
  emissions.

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5) Fujitsu

• From www.fujitsupc.com, Fujitsu was named one
  of the top 12 Green IT companies in IDG's
  Computerworld top Green-IT Companies for 2008.

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Fujitsu (Cont.)

• The Fujitsu Environmental Program develops
  employee, facility, and manufacturing-based
  environmental programs.

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Fujitsu (Cont.)

• In August of 2007, for example, the Fujitsu
  campus in Sunnyvale, California. installed a
  hydrogen fuel cell to significantly reduce carbon
  dioxide emissions, making Fujitsu the first
  Silicon Valley-based IT company to install
  Fujitsus own hydrogen power plant.

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Fujitsu (Cont.)

• Since 1996, Fujitsu has published regular
  reports detailing the programs and results of
  its environmental protection activities.

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Fujitsu (Cont.)

• Fujitsu has made the Dow Jones Sustainability
  World Index eight years in a row, and the
  FTSE4Good Index Series five years in a row.

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Fujitsu (Cont.)

• By the end of fiscal 2009, all Fujitsu business
  units will increase the number of Super Green
  Products (those with the most advanced
  environmental-friendly characteristics) by at
  least 20 percent.

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Fujitsu (Cont.)

• Fujitsu has a deep commitment to environmental
  responsibility, to reduce Fujitsus carbon
  footprint, to eliminating lead and other harmful
  wastes from Fujitsus supply chain and products,
  to broad recycling and reuse programs.

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6) Microsoft

• From www.computerworlduk.com,Microsoft, with
  70,000 employees spread out across the world,
  is deep into a corporate-wide evaluation of how
  it can become a more environmentally friendly
  corporation.

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Microsoft (Cont.)

• The effort encompasses hardware, software, data
  centers and Microsoft's role as a corporate
  citizen.
• The hope is to initiate Microsoft's people,
  products and programs into the green revolution.

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Microsoft (Cont.)

• Microsoft's early results include a
  PVC-product-packaging purge begun in 2005 that
  has resulted in the elimination of 1.5 million
  pounds of the environmentally unfriendly plastic.

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Microsoft (Cont.)

• As part of its green revolution, Microsoft also
  is partnering with such movers and shakers as
  former President Bill Clinton and his Clinton
  Foundation to discover how the world's largest
  cities can reduce carbon output and greenhouse
  gases.

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Microsoft (Cont.)

• Microsoft also is part of The Green Grid
  consortium and Climate Savers, two industry wide
  power-efficiency initiatives.

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• Hewlett-Packard

• From www.greentelecomlive.com,Hewlett-Packard
  (HP) was named one of the top 12 Green IT
  companies in IDG's Computerworld top Green-IT
  Companies for 2008 and has been ranked at the
  top of the latest Vendor Matrix released by ABI
  Research.

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Hewlett-Packard (Cont.)

• For this particular matrix, under innovation,
  ABI Research examined
• the firms carbon footprints, regulatory
  compliance, recycling efforts, efforts at
  greening internal operations, use of video and
  telecommuting, and membership and participation
  in environmental organizations.

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Hewlett-Packard (Cont.)

• The firms product portfolios, product features,
  intellectual property holdings, certification
  achievements, and the planning and
  virtualization tools HP use.

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Hewlett-Packard (Cont.)

• Hewlett-Packard received points
• for its innovative Dynamic Smart Cooling
  technology as well as for its homegrown power
  distribution system and its wide selection of
  low-power component choices for its customers.

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8) Network Appliance

• From www.allbusiness.com, NetApp was named one
  of the top 12 Green IT companies in IDG's
  Computerworld top Green-IT Companies for 2008.

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Network Appliance (Cont.)

• NetApp was selected - For its innovative data
  center design and its leading-edge data
  management techniques to reduce power
  consumption.
• - For its company-wide green programs that
  dramatically reduce the amount of local
  landfill waste and impact on the environment.

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Network Appliance (Cont.)

• NetApp employed the following cooling
  techniques to increase energy efficiency in its
  data centers hot aisle/cold aisle equipment
  layout, vinyl strip curtains to contain the hot
  air from mixing with the cold air, using outside
  air to cool the data center, and raising the
  overall temperature in the data center.

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Network Appliance (Cont.)

• NetApp has reaped millions of dollars in savings
  as a result while benefiting the environment.

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Network Appliance (Cont.)

• Through innovative data management techniques and
  best practices, NetApp has dramatically
  increased storage utilization and reduced power
  consumption in its data center by deploying
  storage and server virtualization solutions.

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Network Appliance (Cont.)

• By improving efficiency and scaling its
  infrastructure, the project has had measurable
  impact - NetApp IT replaced 50 legacy storage
  systems with 10 new systems running Data
  ONTAPR 7G.

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Network Appliance (Cont.)

• - Decrease its storage rack footprint from 25 to
  6 racks, dropping power requirements from 329kW
  to 69kW.
• Reduce air conditioning requirements by 94 tons.
  
• Decrease the electricity costs by 60,000 per
  year.

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9) Other World Computing

• From www.macsales.com, Other World Computing
  (OWC) was named one of the top 12 Green IT
  companies in IDG's Computerworld top Green-IT
  Companies for 2008.

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OWC (Cont.)

• OWC was honored because of its newly constructed
  corporate headquarters building (opening on
  February 22, 2008), designed according to Gold
  Level specifications of the LEED (Leadership in
  Energy and Environmental Design) Program.

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OWC (Cont.)

• The new OWC headquarters obtained certification
  at the Gold LEED Level.
• In addition, the project achievedthe highest and
  most rarely awarded status of Platinum.

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OWC (Cont.)

• The new OWC headquarters featuredGreen design
  elements and materials - Water Savings.
  - Materials Selection. - Recycling and
  Conservation. - Indoor Environmental Quality.
  - Energy Efficiency.

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OWC (Cont.)

• With all energy conservation elements,
• the new much larger 37,000 square-foot building
  consumes less energy resources than OWC's old
  10,000 square-foot building.

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10) Verizon Wireless

• From www.reuters.com, Verizon Wireless was the
  only wireless carrier named one of the top 12
  Green IT companies in IDG's Computerworld top
  Green-IT Companies for 2008.

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Verizon Wireless (Cont.)

• Verizon Wireless deployed more than 7,000 thin
  clients in 12 call centers nationwide, reducing
  energy consumption and cooling costs.

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Verizon Wireless (Cont.)

• Power consumption tests at the company's
  Chandler, Ariz., call center showed a 62.5
  percent overall decrease in energy usage after
  deployment.

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Verizon Wireless (Cont.)

• Verizon Wireless also rolled out power management
  software on 61,000 managed desktops companywide
  that enables automatic shutdown and sleep
  schedules.

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Verizon Wireless (Cont.)

• The initiative accounted for a 24 percent
  reduction in both PC power consumptionand CO2
  emissions.
• In addition to pursuing energy-saving technology
  in call centers, Verizon Wireless has also
  implemented virtualization technology in its data
  centers.

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Verizon Wireless (Cont.)

• This approach, coupled with the higher energy
  efficiency of the new servers, significantly
  decreases electricity and cooling costs.

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11) Computer Sciences Corp.

• From www.csc.com, CSC one of the top 12 Green
  IT companies in IDG's Computerworld top
  Green-IT Companies for 2008.

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CSC (Cont.)

• CSC extended the Green activities to supporting
  environmentally friendly sports, such as the
  seven-year sponsorship of cycling world champion
  Team CSC and the Team CSC 505 class wind sailing
  team.

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CSC (Cont.)

• CSC recognized that IT has significant
  responsibilities beyond the data center.
• As part of collaboration opportunities to reduce
  the carbon footprint, CSC was investing in
  international tele-presence technologies to
  better facilitate business for CSC and the
  clients while reducing travel.

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CSC (Cont.)

• CSC regularly coordinates with vendor partners
  to better understand technologies and practices
  that reduce the impact on the environment.

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CSC (Cont.)

• CSCs Green initiatives include- Waste IT and
  scrap recycling all disposed IT equipment sent
  to regional companies with programs to
  securely wipe data and either resell components
  or send them for recycling.
• - Exploitation of state-of-the-art technology
  (power consumption reduction).

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CSC (Cont.)

• In North America, CSC computers, monitors and
  hard drives are sent to Intechras Big Blue, a
  two-story recycling machine that shreds and then
  separates materials into ferrous (iron) metals,
  non-ferrous metals, plastics, steel and leaded
  glass, these pieces are then sent to smelters or
  extruders, more than 34 tons of copper cable has
  been recycled.

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CSC (Cont.)

• - Innovation in energy-efficient computer room
  design (cooling specific).
• - Utilization of energy-efficient cube
  technology (heat exchange).

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12) Sun Microsystems

• From www.sun.com,Sun developed products and
  programs that reduce energy needs and CO2
  production at all levels, including the
  microprocessor, servers, thin clients, and
  computer grids.

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Sun Microsystems (Cont.)

• Sun's products help people tackle some of the
  world's most difficult challenges, including a
  growing number of environmental ones.

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Sun Microsystems (Cont.)

• Sun's systems are helping to run computer models
  of global climate change, design more efficient
  cars, search for new sources of energy, and
  help people avoid energy usage through
  network-enabled lifestyle changes.

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Sun Microsystems (Cont.)

• Sun focused on building eco responsible products
  and solutions that have a minimal environmental
  impact.
• Suns goal is to benefit the customers and the
  environment by improving energy efficiency, using
  fewer harmful materials, and lowering greenhouse
  gas emissions, while increasing computation and
  storage.

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Sun Microsystems (Cont.)

• First example, Sun's energy sipping Sun Fire
  servers with CoolThreads technology consume
  one-third less energy, generate less heat, and
  take up one-half the space in the data center
  while delivering twice the performance.

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Sun Microsystems (Cont.)

• By installing these machines in Sun's
  Broomfield, datacenter, Sun's power usage
  dropped from 617,000 kilowatt hours to 39,000
  kilowatt hours, resulting in a cost avoidance of
  40,000 in electricity, with an additional
  60,000 of costs avoided in cooling.

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Sun Microsystems (Cont.)

• Second example,Sun Ray technology enabled Sun
  to avoid approximately 24 million in energy
  and systems costs last year.

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3.2 The Top 12 Green-IT Users

• Highmark
• Discovery Communications
• First National of Nebraska
• PerkinsWill
• Snohomish Public Utility District
• World Wildlife Fund

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The Top 12 Green-IT Users (Cont.)

• Austin Energy
• WellPoint
• Ryder System
• Marriott International
• Monsanto
• Wachovia

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1) Highmark

• From www.computerworld.com, Highmark spent
  about 45,000 each month on electricity in
  Highmarks old data center, a 24,000-square-foot,
  Tier 1 facility in Camp Hill, Pa.

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Highmark (Cont.)

• New data center of Highmark is an
  86,000-square-foot, Tier 3 facility with some
  28,000 feet of raised flooring.

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Highmark (Cont.)

• The new data center is three times bigger than
  the old one, but its electricity costs are the
  same 45,000 per month, built entirely of
  recycled building materials and certified as a
  leader in energy and environmental design by
  the U.S. Green Building Council.

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Highmark (Cont.)

• The goal is to decrease power usage companywide.
  For IT specifically, the target reduction is 5
  this year.
• The company's main data center in Harrisburg
  uses about 700 kilowatts of electricity per
  month, enough to power 175 homes

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2) Discovery Communications

• From www.computerworld.com, Discovery is not
  just saving money but company also focused on
  saving the planet.
• Discovery conducts regular audits of its server,
  storage and network equipment to make sure
  everything is fully utilized.

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Discovery Communications (Cont.)

• Company has consolidated storage into a single
  shared pool using Network Appliance Inc.s
  FlexVol technology, and it used VMware Inc.s
  virtualization software to reduce its server
  count from 850 to 535 physical machines.

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Discovery Communications (Cont.)

• Disk-to-disk backups have replaced backup tapes,
  eliminating the need to transport those tapes
  off-site.

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3) First National of Nebraska

• From www.computerworld.com, First National of
  Nebraska Inc. was green before green was cool.

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First National of Nebraska (Cont.)

• The Omaha-based financial services firm took its
  first bold step in 1999, when it became the
  first company to build a data center powered
  entirely by fuel cell technology, which creates
  electricity by combining a fuel source and an
  oxidant.

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First National of Nebraska (Cont.)

• The system delivers 340 kilowatts of power to
  the bunker, a 15,000-square-foot section of
  the data center that houses First Nationals
  critical systems for processing credit card
  transactions.

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First National of Nebraska (Cont.)

• The fuel cells, which emit no greenhouse gases,
  eliminated the need for uninterruptible power
  supplies, helping the data center achieve a
  seven 9s uptime rating.

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4) PerkinsWill

• From www.computerworld.com, PerkinsWill Inc.
  has developed a Green Operations Plan focused on
  office energy use that encompasses six areas
  - Transportation.- Office water use.

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PerkinsWill (Cont.)

• Office energy use.
• Office consumables.
• Indoor air quality.
• Office renovations and new construction.

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5) Snohomish Public Utility District

• From www.computerworld.com, the officials at
  the Snohomish PublicUtility District realized
  that just as important as the utility's
  environmental conservation efforts was the need
  to set an example for the community.

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Snohomish (Cont.)

• Snohomish has instated a broad range of power
  management initiatives, over the past 18 months.

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Snohomish (Cont.)

• Snohomish puts its more than 1,000 desktops to
  sleep when they become inactive, through the use
  of customized software originally developed by
  the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

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6) World Wildlife Fund

• From www.computerworld.com, World Wildlife
  Fund is going green long before global warming
  predictions peppered the news, and film
  documentaries on the subject garnered Academy
  Awards.

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World Wildlife Fund (Cont.)

• Installed videoconferencing technology to reduce
  the need for expensive, carbon-emitting travel.

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World Wildlife Fund (Cont.)

• For example, the organization uses and promotes
  Web collaboration systems such as SharePoint,
  WebEx and Citrix MetaFrame XPA.

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World Wildlife Fund (Cont.)

• Instead of flying to WWF's Geneva offices five
  times a year, Smith, CIO usually opts for
  eight-hour videoconferencesthat saves about 700
  on plane tickets, 15 hours of travel time and
  3,000 in expensesfor each trip.

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7) Austin Energy

• From www.computerworld.com, Austin Energy's
  goal is to boost that total savings byan
  additional 750 megawatts of power by 2020.

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Austin Energy (Cont.)

• The most important goal of Austin Energy's
  energy-saving initiatives is reducing reliance
  on electricity
• and thus lowering overall carbon dioxide
  emissions.

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Austin Energy (Cont.)

• To reach that goal, Austin Energy plans to use
  technologies such as smart appliances to
  monitor and control power usage at customer
  sites.

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Austin Energy (Cont.)

• The utility also plans to implement new server
  and storage technology, including multicore
  CPUs, virtualization, and de-duplication and
  compression techniques in its own data center.

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Austin Energy (Cont.)

• The company's 1,600- person IT department is
  running just over 600 servers on 150 physical
  machines.
• This translates to 40 energy savings.

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Austin Energy (Cont.)

• Austin Energy's IT group manages 195,000
  real-time devices used for automated electricity
  metering and distribution.
• That number will increase to 500,000 devices by
  early 2009.

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8) WellPoint

• From www.computerworld.com, there are three
  legs to the stoolof WellPoints green
  initiatives. - First are continuous small
  improvements, like increasing recycling,
  moving toward green paper and the like.

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WellPoint (Cont.)

• Second are big, one-time initiatives such as
  replacing the firm's enterprise data center, a
  multiyear effort thatwas completed in 2003.

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WellPoint (Cont.)

• Third are special partnerships, like WellPoint's
  linkup with IBM to implement best practices and
  technologies such as server consolidations.

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WellPoint (Cont.)

• WellPoint save 13,000 a month by moving its
  data center from California to
  Richmond,Virginia.
• WellPoints employees will spend 25,000 hours at
  videoconferencing this year, avoiding 4,500 tons
  of carbon dioxide emissions from cars and planes.
  

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9) Ryder System

• From www.computerworld.com, Ryder squeezes
  every mile per gallon it can from its
  160,000-strong vehicle fleet by working directly
  with Freightliner to make trucks more
  gas-efficient, using only low-sulphur diesel
  fuel and training its drivers to be
  fuel-conscious.

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Ryder System (Cont.)

• Implemented a server consolidation effort that
  reduced 100 discrete Wintel servers into 66
  Energy Star blades.

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10) Marriott International

• From www.computerworld.com, Marriott is
  building a second data center 300 feet below
  ground in a former Pennsylvania mine, where the
  ambient air temperature is 53 degrees Fahrenheit.

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Marriott International (Cont.)

• Marriott has replaced more than 5,000 desktop
  PCs with thin clients, cutting power consumption
  per device by 50.

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Marriott International (Cont.)

• In 2007, Marriott replaced 38 public printers at
  its headquarters with more-efficient Energy Star
  devices.
• That helped reduce its carbon footprint by 36
  tons annually.

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Marriott International (Cont.)

• Since contracting in 2005 with Intechra
  LLC,Marriott has recycled more than 18,000
  printers, monitors, peripherals and other
  systems.
• That represents nearly 200 tons of plastics,
  transistors and other materials that didn't end
  up in landfills.

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11) Monsanto

• From www.computerworld.com, Monsanto designed
  a new 21 million data center in Creve Coeur,
  Mo., about five years ago, it was a decidedly
  green effort from the get-go.

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Monsanto (Cont.)

• The 40,000-square-foot facility, which was
  completed last July, was designed with a 17-foot
  floor-to-ceiling span to promote airflow and
  eliminate the need for power or cooling units on
  the data center's floor.

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Monsanto (Cont.)

• The glass screen in its new data center blocks
  60 of the sun's rays, lowering demands
• on the building's cooling systems.

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12) Wachovia

• From www.computerworld.com, Wachovia has
  pledged to reduce Wachovias greenhouse gas
  emissions profile by 10 by 2010.
• Rolled 15 unique reporting tools into a single
  managed-service environment.

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Wachovia (Cont.)

• These and other technologies will be deployed in
  the Wachovias new financial center, slated to
  open at the end of 2009.
• In addition to saving energy, Wachovia will help
  cut construction costs by up to 80,000.

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Wachovia (Cont.)

• Wachovia plans to implement Hewlett-Packard
  Co.s Dynamic Smart Cooling technology in the
  Birmingham data center and the new financial
  center.

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4. Green Data Center

• 4.1 Data Center
• 4.2 Green Data Center
• 4.3 Fujitsu Green Data Center
• 4.4 Examples of Green Data Centers
• 4.5 Data Center in Second Life

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4.1 Data Center

• 4.1.1 Definition of Data Center from
  en.wikipedia.org
• 4.1.2 Definition of Data Center from
  searchdatacenter.techtarget.com
• 4.1.3 Data Center Standards

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4.1.1 Definition from en.wikipedia.org

• A data center is a facility used to house
  computer systems and associated components, such
  as telecommunications and storage systems. It
  generally includes redundant or backup power
  supplies, redundant data communications
  connections, environmental controls (e.g., air
  conditioning, fire suppression) and security
  devices.

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4.1.2 Definition from searchdatacenter.techtarge
t.com

• A data center is a centralized repository for
  the storage, management, and disseminationof
  data and information organized around a
  particular body of knowledge or pertaining to a
  particular business.

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4.1.3 Data Center Standards

• During the dot-com bubble, fast Internet
  connectivity and nonstop operation were
  needed.Therefore, very large facilities called
  IDC (Internet Data Center)were constructed.

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Data Center (Cont.)

• As of 2008, standards for Data Center design,
  construction, and operation are available from
  many professional groups such as
  Telecommunications Industry Association.
• One of the main purposes of Data Centeris
  Business Continuity.

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Data Center (Cont.)

• There are four Tiers of data center- Tier 1
  data center, which is the simplest, is a
  computer room for the installation of computer
  systems. - Tier 2 data center is the same as
  Tier 1 plus redundant capacity components.

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Data Center (Cont.)

• - Tier 3 data center is the same as Tier 2
  plus dual-powered equipments and multiple
  uplinks.
• - Tier 4 data center is the same as Tier 3
  plus all components being fully fault- tolerant,
  including uplinks, storage, chillers, HVAC
  systems, servers, etc. Everything is
  dual-powered. (HVAC heating, ventilating, and
  air conditioning).

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Data Center (Cont.)

• The physical environment of a data center - Air
  Conditioning 20-25 degrees centigrade, and
  humidity 40-45 - Backup power - No single
  point of failure- Raised floor- Fire protection
  systems- Physical security

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4.2 Green Data Center

• There are many definitions of Green Data Center
  from the Internet.
• 4.1.1 www.pcmag.com
• 4.1.2 searchdatacenter.techtarget.com

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4.2.1 Definition from www.pcmag.com

• Green Data Center is A datacenter that is
  constructed to run as economically as possible.
  All computer, electrical and lighting systems,
  as well as the building materials, must be
  rated for maximum efficiency. The datacenter may
  also be augmented with solar panels.

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4.2.2 Definition from searchdatacenter.techtarge
t.com

• Green Data Center is A repository for the
  storage, management, and dissemination of data
  in which the mechanical, lighting, electrical
  and computer systems are designed for maximum
  energy efficiencyand minimum environmental
  impacts.

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4.3 Fujitsu Green Data Center

• From www.computerweekly.com in June 2008,
  Fujitsu has launched Green Infrastructure
  Solution Service to provide specialists with
  expertise in both IT and construction to assist
  customers with planning, design, employment, and
  operation, as well as building highly
  energy-efficient datacenters or Green Data
  Centers.

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Fujitsu Green Data Center (Cont.)

• The new efficient IT service aims to reduce
  power consumption and CO2 emission by as much
  as 50 of the previous level, excluding power
  savings from IT product themselves.

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Fujitsu Green Data Center (Cont.)

• From www.computerweekly.com dated 27 June
  2008,Fujitsu announced the opening of its green
  data center which started in 2007.
• The green data center is located in a former
  warehouse on a brown field site.

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Fujitsu Green Data Center (Cont.)

• Fujitsu said the green data center is nearly
  twice as energy-efficientas previous data
  centers it has opened.
• The data center uses advanced cooling, heating,
  and IT systems to tailor power consumption to
  processing and operational needs.

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Fujitsu Green Data Center (Cont.)

• Fujitsu said it can save the equivalent power
  consumed by 6,000 every year.

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4.4 Examples of Green Data Centers

• There are many examples of green data
  centers4.4.1 Amazon Green Data Center 4.4.2
  Google Green Data Center4.4.3 Sun Green Mobile
  Data Center

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4.4.1 Amazon Green Data Center

• From www.greenm3.com dated 1 November
  2008,DataCenterKnowledge reported on
  Amazon.coms new green data center in Oregon, USA.

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Amazon Green Data Center (Cont.)

• The Amazon Data Center is located on the bank of
  the Columbia River in Oregon.
• The cost of the data center being built is US
  100 million.

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Amazon Green Data Center (Cont.)

• It will include three buildings.
• The first building will be 116,000 square feet.
• The hydro electricity on Columbia River basin
  uses cheap and clean power, which is also one of
  the main factors in Googles decision to build
  its data center in the vicinity.

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4.4.2 Google Green Data Center

• From www.internetnews.com dated 3 October
  2008,Google, the world largest search company
  announced how its squeeze considerable energy
  saving out of its data center.

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Google Green Data Center (Cont.)

• The purpose of Google is to reduce datacenter
  power costs by targeting the center, not the
  computer.

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Google Green Data Center (Cont.)

• The cost of Google Data Center is 21 or about
  15 in some cases.
• There are five elements of Googles strategyfor
  building management- Clean Energy- Server
  Retirement- Efficient Equipment- Water
  Management- Efficient Data Center

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Google Green Data Center (Cont.)

• It can save about 30 per server per year.
• Google removes unused componentssuch as sound
  and discrete graphics.
• Google servers lose a little over 15 of the
  electricity they pull from the wall during
  power conversion steps,which is less than half
  of what is lost in a typical server.

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Google Green Data Center (Cont.)

• Evaporative cooling has been used instead of
  refrigerators.
• Cold water - Run thru the data center which
  the heat is absorbed from the computer.- Run
  down from the roof to the ground outside the
  data center, similar to at restaurant, to help
  let the heat dissipate.

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4.4.3 Sun Mobile Data Center

• From blog.internetnews.com dated 18
  September 2008, Sun Microsystems updated
  information about its Mobile Data Center -
  stored the data center in a mine deep
  underground in Japan where the climate is cool

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Sun Mobile Data Center (Cont.)

• The data center consists of Sun systems densely
  packed in a standard shipping container, 20x40
  feet.
• The data center hold 240 rack unitswhich could
  be large servers such as SPARC Enterprise M4000
  and M5000 or third-party equipments.

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Google Green Data Center (Cont.)

• The data centers contain not only the systembut
  also the power and cooling necessary to operate
  the system.
• One of the most famous examples is 100 meters
  down an abandoned mine,relying on the natural
  cool climate.

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4.5 Data Center in Second Life

• From www.informationweek.comdated 14 August
  2008,IBM launched Eco Data Center in Second
  Life.
• Visitors who want to check out IBMs latest
  eco-data center have to do as an avatar in
  Linden Labs Second Life, where the facility
  exist.

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Data Center in Second Life (Cont.)

• The data center will be used as a demonstration
  area for IBMs eco-friendly technologies and
  services.
• In early August 2008, IBM announced that it is
  planned to build a 360 million adaptive data
  center by renovating an existing building at its
  facility in Research Triangle Park.

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Data Center in Second Life (Cont.)

• IBM is also offering a consulting serviceto help
  users asses their CSR (Corporate Social
  Responsibility) reporting, the effectiveness of
  their environmental policies, labor practices,
  regulatory compliance, corporate values, and
  other CSR-related activities.

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5. Green Telework.

• 5.1 What is Green Telework?
• 5.2 Timeline of Green Telework.
• 5.3 Examples of Using Telework.
• 5.4 Green Telework News.

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5.1 What is Green Telework.

• From www.flexibility.co.uk/issues/sustainability/
  green-telework.htm, Sun Microsystems and the
  Forum and the Future stated the Green telework
  will - reduce private car traffic by 3 in
  the short term, with a potential for greater
  savings in the future

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)

• reduce traffic congestion at peak times
• reduce the need for more road building
• improve the efficiency of office space
• reduce the total energy use of companies.

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)

• The following recommendations were made-
  provide financial incentives for companies
  that promote green telework as part of
  corporate environmental policy- encourage green
  telework in the civil service - address
  environmental behaviour in the Telework
  Guidance document

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)

• take responsibility for the environmental impact
  of their employee's working patterns
• look to sustainable computing models to reduce
  duplication of equipment between home and work
• promote energy efficiency and the use of
  renewable energy in the home.

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)

• Recommendations to technology providers
• - Products should minimise materials use from
  the outset.  Miniaturisation can help, but this
  should not lead to greater proliferation of
  devices
• - Product life needs to be extended

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)

• More advantage needs to be taken of mobile
  devices which use less energy and material
  resources than desktop PCs
• Network Computing solutions should be
  considered as they may have smaller
  environmental impacts.

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)

• There are many names of telecommute such as -
  eCommute - eWork- Telework- Work at Home -
  Work from Home

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5.2 Timeline of Green Telework.

• The roots of Green telework started in early
  1970s technology, linking satellite offices to
  downtown mainframes by dumb terminals using
  telephone lines as a network bridge.

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)

• The massive ongoing decrease in cost and
  increase in performance and usability of
  personal computers forged the way to
  decentralize even further, moving the office to
  the home.

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)

• By the early 1980s, these branch offices and
  home workers were able to connect to the company
  mainframe using personal computers.

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)

• The adoption of local area networks promoted
  sharing of resources, and client server
  computing allowed for even greater
  decentralization.

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)

• In the year 2008, teleworkers can carry laptop
  PCs around to use both at the office and at home
  (and almost anywhere else)

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)

• Teleworkers are linked to their home office by
  using groupware, virtual private networks, and
  similar technologies to collaborate and interact
  with team members.

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)

• As the price of VPN-capable routers, high-speed
  Internet connections to the home, and VOIP
  technology has plummeted in recent years, the
  cost to connect a teleworker to their employer's
  intranet and telecommunications system has
  become negligible when compared with the
  operating costs of conventional offices.

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5.3 Examples of Using Green Telework.

• The U.S. General Services Administration.
• Key Bank.
• Guardian Life Insurance.
• Holland America Line/West Tours.
• California Public Employees Retirement System.
• Bellcore.

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1) The U.S. General Services Administration.

• During a keynote address at the September 12,
  2007 Telework Exchange Town Hall Meeting, Lurita
  Doan, at that time the Administrator for the
  General Services Administration (GSA), announced
  an aggressive commitment goal to increase agency
  telework participation.

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General Services Administration (Cont.)

• Her challenge was for 50 percent of eligible
  agency employees to telework one or more days
  per week by 2010.
• In the year 2007, 10 percent of eligible GSA
  employees telework, compared to 4.2 percent for
  the overall Federal workforce.

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General Services Administration (Cont.)

• Her goal was to increase participation- to 20
  percent by the end of 2008- 40 percent by the
  end of 2009- finally, 50 percent by 2010.

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2) Key Bank.

• Key Bank, the 16th largest banking organization
  in the U.S., participated in a study for 14 of
  its branches in the Seattle area.
• The study revealed that 83 percent of employees
  lived closer to another branch office.

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Key Bank (Cont.)

• Key Bank then implemented a program to trade
  employees who wanted to switch between sites, and
  the average commut