Title: The GHS The Globally Harmonized System for Hazard Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
1The GHSThe Globally Harmonized System for
Hazard Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
21. Concept of the GHS2. Hazard
Classification 2.1 Physical Hazard
Classification 2.2 Health and Environmental
Hazard Classification 3. Labels
and SDS 4. Situation of Chemical Management
in Thailand
Outline
33. Labels and SDS 3.1 Labels 3.2 SDS
4What is harmonised?
- Labels
- Safety Data Sheets
5Target Groups Sectors
- workplace including pesticides and
pharmaceuticals - labels and safety data sheets
- consumers
- labels
- transport
- labels, placards, transport documents
- emergency responders
6Labels
- The Essential Elements
- Symbols, Pictograms and colour
- Signal words
- Hazard statements
- Precautionary information
- Product identifiers/declaration of ingredients
- Precedence of hazard
7Symbols in the GHS
- Standard symbol set used in the UN RTDG model
regulations - Fish and tree symbol for environmental hazard
- Exclamation mark for low level health hazard
- Human with crack in a body for chronic health
hazard
8UNTDG Pictogram
9GHS Symbols
10Pictogram Shape Colour
- Recommendation from ILO Group is that all
pictograms should be in shape of a square set at
a point (diamond) - For transport, pictograms will use the background
and symbol colour specified in the UNRTDG Model
regulations - For supply, pictograms will have a black symbol
on a white background with a red frame
11GHS Pictogram
Explosives Self-reactive subst. Organic peroxide
Flammable substance Self-reactive substance
Pyrophoric and self- heating substance
Oxidizing substance Organic peroxides
Compressed gas
Sensitization (Respiratory) Mutagenicity
Carcinogenicity Reproductive toxicity Target
organ toxicity
Skin corr. Eye corr. Corrosive to metal
Acute toxicity
Acute toxicity Skin irrit. Eye irrit.
Sensitization (Dermal)
Environmental toxicity
12Some points on GHS Pictograms
- UNRTDG will cover the transport area as they have
been. - Competent authority may choose to give suppliers
and employers discretion to use a black border
for domestic use. - Competent authority may allow the use of UNRTDG
pictograms in other use settings
13Signal Word
- Danger or Warning
- Used to emphasis hazard and to discriminate
between hazard categories (level of hazard) - e.g. Acute toxicity category 1 will require
Danger, category 4 will requireWarning
14Hazard Statements
- A single harmonised hazard statement for each
hazard category within each hazard class
e.g. Flammable liquid - Category 1
Extremely flammable liquid and vapour
- Category 2 Highly flammable
liquid and vapour - Category 3
Flammable liquid and vapour -
Category 4 Combustible liquid
15Hazard Statements (cont.)
- e.g. Oral Acute Toxicity
- category 1
- Fatal if swallowed
- Category 2
- Fatal if swallowed
- Category 3
- Toxic if swallowed
- Category 4
- Harmful if swallowed
- Category 5
- Maybe harmful if swallowed
16Precautionary Statements
- GHS label should include appropriate
precautionary information - The intent is to harmonise precautionary
statements in the future
17Examples of Precautionary Pictograms
From European Union (COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 92/58/EEC
of 24 June 1992)
18Product Identifier
- Name or number used for a hazardous product on a
label or in the SDS. - Unique means by which the substance or mixture
can be identified within the particular use
setting - UN proper shipping name also to be used on the
package when substance or mixture covered by the
UN RTDG
19Precedence of hazard
gt
gt
Skin/Eye irritation
Skin/Eye irritation
gt
gt
DANGER
WARNING
20Declaration of Ingredients
- Substances
- chemical identity (name as determined by IUPAC,
ISO, CAS or technical name) - Mixtures
- chemical identities of all ingredients
contributing to acute toxicity, skin or eye
corrosion, germ cell mutagenicity,
carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, skin or
respiratory sensitisation or TOST - Competent authority rules for CBI take priority
21Confidential Business Information
- Competent authorities should establish
appropriate mechanisms for CBI protection. CBI
will not be harmonized under the GHS. - The provisions for CBI protection should not
compromise the health and safety of users. - CBI claims should be limited to the names of
chemicals and their concentrations in mixtures. - Mechanisms should be established for disclosure
in emergency and non-emergency situations.
22Other (Non-GHS) Information
- Supplemental information
- Competent authority may choose to specify where
information should appear on the label or allow
supplier discretion - Must not impede identification of GHS information
23Allocation of Label Elements
Example Acute Toxicity (Oral)
24Allocation of Label Elements (cont.)
Example Skin Corrosion/Irritation
25Building Block Approach (1)
Example Acute Toxicity (Oral)
26Building Block Approach (2)
Example Explosives
27- Epichlohydrin
- 1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane
- CAS No. 106-89-8
- UN No. 2023
Product identifier
EPICHLOROHYDRIN
Example of label component
Pictogram
DANGER
Signal word
- Hazard statements
- Toxic if swallowed
- Toxic in contact with skin
- Fatal if inhaled
- May cause an allergic skin reaction.
- May cause genetic defects.
- May cause cancer
- Cause severe skin burns and eye damage
- Cause serious eye irritation
- Toxic to aquatic life
Hazard statements
- Precautionary statements
- Keep out of reach of children.
- Keep container tightly closed.
- Do not handle until all safety precautions have
been read and - understood.
- Wear eye/face protection.
- Wear protective gloves/clothing.
- Wear respiratory protection, as specified by the
manufacturer. - Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
- Use appropriate ventilation.
- Wash thoroughly after handling.
Precautionary statements
- United Nations Co., Ltd.
- 1-1, Peace Ave., Geneva
- Switzerland
- Tel. 41 22 917 00 00 Fax. 41 22 917 00 00
Supplier identification
28Safety Data Sheet
- Primarily workplace use
- 16 heading format agreed
- Minimum additional information specified, where
applicable or available, under the relevant
headings
29Criteria for SDS production
- For all substances and mixtures which meet the
harmonized criteria for physical, health or
environmental hazards under the GHS
30Cut off values/Concentration limits for health
and environmental hazard class
31SDS 16 Headings
- Identification.
- Hazard(s) identification.
- Composition/information on ingredients.
- First-aid measures.
- Fire-fighting measures.
- Accidental release measures.
- Handling and storage.
- Exposure controls/personal protection.
32SDS 16 Headings (cont.)
- Physical and chemical properties.
- Stability and reactivity.
- Toxicological information.
- Ecological information.
- Disposal considerations.
- Transport information.
- Regulatory information.
- Other information.
33Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (1)
34Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (2)
35Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (3)
36Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (4)
37Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (5)
38Characteristics of the 11 chemicals (Physical
Data)
39Physical Data Boiling Point -The temperature at
which a liquid turns to a vapour
40Freezing Point - Temperature at which the liquid
form of a chemical will turn into the solid
form Melting Point - Temperature at which the
solid form of a chemical will turn into the
liquid form Vapour pressure - The higher the
vapour pressure,the more rapidly the material
will change from liquid form to o vapour when
released to the environment.
41Vapour pressure
The amount of released harmful vapors in based on
the chemicals vapor pressure. The greater the
vapor pressure, the greater the yield of
hazardous vapors . Acetone will give off more
vapors then gasoline. Sulfuric acid has a low
vapor pressure and gives off little vapor.
42Vapour density - Density of a gas compared to the
density of air
43Specific gravity - density of a chemical compared
to the density of water. If the specific gravity
is less than one, the chemical will float on
water. If the specific gravity is greater than
one, the chemical will sink.
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45Fire and Explosion Data.
46Health Hazard Information
47Water solubility of a chemical the quantity of a
chemical that will mix with or dissolve in water.
Helps to determine many of its toxic effects on
living tissues / Chemicals that are very water
soluble, lead to cellular injury.
48Liquid - gas ratios. The volume of gas produced
by the vaporization of a given volume of liquid
. The volume of gas produced is always greater
than the volume of liquid before vaporization.
49The expansion ratio of a chemical helps to
determine the extent of hazard that the chemical
poses.
50Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (6)
51Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (7)
52Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (8)
53Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (9)
54Label - Examples
Transportation and Workplace Plastic drum
55Label - Examples
Transportation and Workplace Paper box
56Label - Examples
Workplace Paper box
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