Electronic Resource Notebook - Broadcasting

1
Electronic Resource Notebook - Broadcasting

• Students listed here

2
Students of Broadcasting

• As students of broadcasting at Spring Arbor
  University, we have devoted our college careers
  to the pursuit of an education in the
  transmission of television and radio programming
  as well as the development of new media. Our
  group consists of a diverse group of students who
  plan to pursue careers in many different fields
  from television and radio to the production and
  distribution of new media such as podcasts and
  web based content.

3

• General
• Resource
• Section

4

• Reinard, J. (2001). Introduction to communication
  research. (3rd ed.). New York McGraw Hill.
• This resource includes a general introduction to
  key concepts that anyone performing research in
  the field of communications must know.
  Specifically good in informing the reader of when
  to use specific methods, as well as defining
  research related terms.

5

• Sherman, C. Price, P. (2001). The invisible
  web Uncovering
• information sources search engines cant see.
  Medford, NJ
• Information Today.
• This resource contains a treasure trove of
  information regarding different ways to search
  the web, other than general search engines
  (yahoo, google, etc.) This book gives
  information on how to get streaming audio from
  NPR, how to find public records online, as well
  as many other information sources, including
  legal and criminal Resources, reference sources,
  education, history, health and medical
  information, etc.

6

• Metzler, K. (1997). Creative writing The
  writers guide to gathering
• information by asking questions. (3rd ed.).
  London Allyn and Bacon.
• This book is a general resource for those who
  use interviews as part of their jobs. Includes
  chapters covering most problems that interviewers
  face and how to overcome those obstacles. Has a
  very good chapter titled Ethics of the
  Interview. Book uses anecdotal stories to
  reinforce ideas.

7

• Kennedy, S. D. (1998). Best bet of the internet
  Reference and research
• when you dont have time to mess around.
  Chicago American
• Library Association.
• While it may be outdated (1998) in terms of
  website content, this book contains a wealth of
  knowledge covering other topics related to
  searching on the internet. These include subject
  specific meta-sites, virtual libraries and
  newsrooms, mailing lists and usenet newsgroups.
  Best Bet Internet also includes a useful section
  on evaluating internet resourses.

8

• Spring Arbor University, White Library. (2000).
  Library research An introduction to research,
  library skills, and resources and services of the
  Hugh A. White Library. Retrieved December 9,
  2006, from http//campus.arbor.edu/whitelibrary/Li
  braryResearch.htma
• This website is a great resource for the
  beginning researcher. It walks you through the
  process of performing scholarly research. From a
  basic walkthrough of the general research
  process, to breaking down the different
  categorization systems, this website is a great
  starting point for research.

9

• American Psychological Association (2001).
  Publication Manual of the American Psychological
  Association (5th edition). Washington, DC
  American Psychological Association.
• A must have for any communications researcher.
  Contains every rule and regulation for writing
  and citing references in APA format. If you
  intend to submit an article in any communications
  journal, you must cite every source according to
  APA standards.

10

• EBSCOhost Research Databases. (2006).
  Communication and Mass Media Complete. Retrieved
  December 9, 2006 from http//web.ebscohost.com/eho
  st/search?vid1hid112sid17366ed9-b62b-461d-a44
  2-77c2147aa1e140sessionmgr108
• This database contains articles related directly
  to the fields of communication and mass media.
  Accessing this site will provide the user with
  thousands of scholarly articles written directly
  for those in the field of mass media.

11

• OCLC FirstSearch. (2006) WorldCat Advanced
  Search. Retrieved December 9, 2006 from
  http//newfirstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/LogDbChange?db
  changetypequickselectnexthtml/advanced.htmlbad
  html/home.htmlsessionidfsapp14-33676-evioqyil-2
  d67kuentitypagenum430dbnameWorldCat
• This database contains references to books,
  cds, and other materials owned by libraries
  around the United States. If your library
  doesnt own the selection that you are looking
  for, it is possible to borrow from any library
  connected through interlibrary loans. A great
  starting point when looking for materials to help
  the research process.

12
Stacks, D. W. (1992). Essentials of communication
research. New York HarperCollins.

• This text, has proven techniques, good advice,
  and real-world examples that you can easily apply
  to your own case, will turn you into an skilled
  communicator. Good for broadcasters as well, this
  book was written expressly for technologists,
  this is a simple, concise, and practical guide to
  the communication activities of writing,
  presentation delivery, and meeting interaction.

13
Lindlof, T. R. (1995). Qualitative communication
research method. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage
Publications.

• Lindlof has written a complete text that
  addresses the theory and technique of qualitative
  research across a breadth of approaches with
  substantive and illuminating examples drawn from
  a variety of topical areas. The author address
  the problems and controversies of research
  without bogging down in indecision or glossing to
  happy endings.

14
Rubin, R. B. (1993). Communication research
Strategies and sources. Belmont, CA Wadsworth
Publishing Co.

• This text presents strategies for selecting,
  refining, and researching communication topics,
  placing special emphasis on using library
  resources to search for literature. It simplifies
  the research process by teaching students library
  skills, scholarly writing, and acquainting them
  with the latest research technology tools.

15
Jablin, F. M., Putnam, L. L. (2001). The new
handbook of organizational communication
Advances in theory, research, and methods.
Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.

• Organizational communication as a discipline has
  grown over the latter part of the century, but
  accompanying that growth has been a struggle to
  establish a clear identity for the field. The
  ongoing evolution of difficult organizations in
  an equally difficult global environment has
  scholars continuing to define and redefine the
  focus, the boundaries, and the future of the
  field. The New Handbook of Organizational
  Communication is a volume that ties together the
  various threads of this interdisciplinary area of
  scholarship.

16
Keyton, J. (2005). Communication research Asking
questions, finding answers. New York
McGraw-Hill.

• Keytons book covers basic research issues and
  both quantitative and qualitative approaches to
  communication research. The guiding principle of
  the text is that methodological choices arise
  from ones research questions and hypotheses. The
  book focuses first on the research process, and
  then discusses the methodological tools for
  understanding and conducting basic communication
  research projects

17

• Booth, W. C., Colomb, J. M., Williams, J. M.
  (2003). The craft of research. 2nd ed. Chicago
  University of Chicago Press.
• This is an excellent resource that walks the
  reader through every step of the research
  process. From a topic that you have an interest
  in to a final draft, this book will help walk the
  inexperienced researcher through the research
  process.

18
Wimmer, R. D. (1994). Mass media research An
introduction. Belmont, CA Wadsworth Publishing
Co.

• This text begins with an overview of mass
  communication research and ethics of research. It
  then explores each major approach to research,
  including qualitative, content analysis, survey
  research, longitudinal research, and experimental
  research. The text continues with a section on
  data analysis, and concludes with a
  forward-looking section on research applications,
  covering such topics as research in print and
  electronic media as well as on the Internet.

19

• Kault D. (2003). Statistics with common sense.
  London Greenwood Press.
• A good book that brings the science of
  statistics to a level that most can understand.
  Helps the reader to understand the basic concepts
  and principles of statistics and probability.
  This book will be an invaluable help in trying to
  decipher statistics reported in the media.

20
Jenson, K. (2002). A handbook of media and
communication research. New York Routledge.

• The Handbook of Media and Communication Research
  presents qualitative as well as quantitative
  approaches to the analysis and interpretation of
  media, covering perspectives from both the social
  sciences and the humanities. The Handbook offers
  a comprehensive review of earlier research and a
  set of guidelines for how to think about, plan,
  and carry out studies of media in different
  social and cultural contexts.

21

• Communications
• Research
• Resources
• Section

22

• Broadcasting Cable (2006) New York, NY, Reed
  Business Information.
• This journal will be very useful when wanting to
  know the up to date trends in broadcasting,
  licensing and people that are in the industry.

23

• Broadcasting Telecommunications (2006) Ottawa,
  ON, Statistics Canada.
• This journal will be very useful when it comes
  to wanting to know about program distribution,
  television and radio broadcasting and
  telecommunications from the Canadian perspective.
  Possible jobs in Canada as well as adapting one
  of their methods to the station.

24

• Journal of Broadcasting Electronic Media (2006)
  Washington District, Broadcast Education
  Association.
• This journal provides articles, reviews, and
  criticism about the field of broadcasting. The
  articles in this journal will be helpful when
  looking for current research into todays
  audiences and different trends in broadcasting as
  well as the internet and new media.

25

• MediaWeek (2006) New York, NY, VNU eMedia, Inc.
• This magazine deals with all aspects of
  television broadcasting from interviews, special
  reports and special sections for executives and
  management in television, radio, cable and
  magazines. Its a multi-media magazine that
  allows for up to date information about the
  field.

26

• Gerbner, G. (Ed.). (1977). Mass media policies in
  changing cultures. New York John Wiley Sons.
• This book is dated (1977), but includes many
  lessons to be learned in todays media centered
  world. It focuses on three different segments of
  Mass Media policies International Trends, New
  Directions, and Developments in Theory and
  Research. Contributors from around the world.

27

• Columbia Journalism Review (2006) New York, NY,
  Columbia Journalism Review.
• With having 75 of the audience working in
  journalism or communication this journal will
  benefit greatly because of the critical analysis
  of the performance of the news media. This
  applies to both broadcasting and print.

28

• Journalism Mass Communication Quarterly (2006)
  Columbia, SC, Association for Education in
  Journalism Mass Communication.
• With this journal offering reviews, studies,
  opinions, articles and essays on all aspects of
  electronic mass communication it will be very
  beneficial to use in the future.

29

• Broadcasting (2006) New York, NY, Reed Business
  Information.
• This journal will be very beneficial because of
  its content about the business. When it comes to
  licensing and ratings and how to better oneself
  in the field of broadcasting.

30
Bryant, J., Zillman, D. (2002). Media effects
Advances in theory and research. Mahwah, NJ L.
Erlbaum Associates.

• Reflecting recent developments in a rapidly
  evolving area (a.k.a. media), editors Jennings
  Bryant and Dolf Zillmann have expanded this
  second edition. All the chapters from the
  previous edition are included here, extensively
  revised and updated. Each chapter in this book
  reflects areas of current or renewed interests
  within the media effects study. Some of the
  Chapter topics are, media consumption and its
  original reception processes intermedia
  processes educational and prosocial effects
  individual differences in media effects new
  effects on issue perception and third person
  effects.

31
Kubey, R. (1997). Media literacy in the
information age Current perspectives. New
Brunswick, NJ Transaction Publishers.

• Due to the time-sensitive content in this
  particular book, several revisions have been made
  and released. However, there is certainly core
  information relating to how the younger
  generations are obtaining and processing current
  media. For anyone in a media field, this source
  in invaluable.

32
Zagotita, T. (2005). Mediated How the media
shapes your world and the way you live in it.
New York, NY Bloomsburg Publishing.

• Zengotita uses Marshall Mcluhans Understanding
  Media. As Mcluhan presented us with the
  realization that modernism was coming to an end,
  Zagotita has a great deal to say about saturation
  of postmodernism in our existence today. Mediated
  shows our contemporary selves and the media that
  make and reflect us.

33
Goldberg, B. (2001). Bias A CBS insider exposes
how the media distort the news.. Massachusetts
Ave, Washington D.C. Renery Publishing.

• Broadcasting journalist Bernard Goldberg reveals
  a corporate news culture in which the
  close-mindedness is stunning. Journalistic
  integrity has been wager to liberal opinion
  Goldberg stated in his book that Entertainment
  trumps hard news every time.

34
Goldberg, B. (2003). Arrogance Rescuing America
from the media elite. New York, NY Warner
Books, Inc.

• In Arrogance, Goldberg punctures the bubble in
  which media elites live and work a culture of
  denial where contrary news is not welcome. He
  shows how they base their storied on assumptions
  many American dont share which inevitably leads
  to bias reporting and slanted news.

35
Castelnero, G (2006). T.V. land detroit. Ann
Arbor, MI University of Michigan Press.

• TV Land Detroit is based on actual interviews
  with the people who made Detroit TV. This book
  awakens the emotional attachments our community
  has for local TV shows. This helps broadcasters
  understand the agenda setting theory and see
  actual cases studies of how the media influences
  the public.

36
Stay, B. (1999). Mass media Opposing viewpoints.
San Diego, CA Green haven Press, Inc.

• Stay describes how television affects society
  through advertising and political influences
  through the media. Chapters four and five Stay
  asks the question, Should pornography on the
  internet be regulated? And are content
  regulations on TV beneficial for kids?

37
Jay, H. (1978). TV guide The first 25 years.
New York, NY Triangle Publications, Inc.

• Television covers the entire world we live in
  according to Jay. Because the TV guide concerns
  itself with whatever TV touches, the magazine has
  not only brought up interesting matter but
  subject matter that is vital to its readers.
  Professor Barney Cole of the University of
  Indiana copied a volume of articles from TV guide
  magazine dealing with serious aspects of
  television, how it works, and how it is changing
  the U.S. and our environment. That work, is now
  used in a number of college communication
  courses.

38

• Individual
• Methods
• Section

39

• Hanson, G., Weardon, S. T. (2004) Measuring
  newscast accuracy
• applying a newspaper model to television.
  Journalism Mass
• Communication Quarterly, 81 (3), 546-558.
• This article deals with surveys for news
  accuracy. This study developed a working design
  that allows for television news to send out to
  the audience to see if their news coverage is
  accurate. A questionnaire was also adapted from
  newspaper literature for use in television. This
  method was used in Cleveland.

40

• Converse, J. M. Presser, S. (1986). Survey
  questions Handcrafting
• the standardized questionnaire. London Sage
  Publications.
• This book walks someone through the process of
  creating a survey. It includes tips on what to
  include in your survey as well as what to avoid.
  The book includes a large section on question
  wording and types of questions to include, as
  well as when to and when not to include specific
  types of questions.

41

• Fowler, F. J. (1993). Survey research methods.
  (2nd ed.). London
• Sage Publications.
• Helpful tool for those who are not well versed
  in statistics. Another resource for those who
  want to create a survey, but are not experienced
  in the creation and implementation of surveys.
  This book focuses on minimizing non-sampling
  errors, good question design, high quality
  interviewing and high response rates.

42

• Krueger, R. A. (1994). Focus groups A practical
  guide for applied research. (2nd ed.). London
  Sage Publications.
• A step by step process of how to conduct a
  focus group. This book walks the reader through
  the planning stages of focus groups all the way
  to the reporting of results.

43

• Schuman, H. Presser, S. (1981). Questions and
  answers in attitude surveys Experiments on
  questions form, wording, and context.
• This book is a helpful tool for those writing
  questions for surveys or polls that deal with
  attitudes, opinions, beliefs, values,
  preferences, etc. Chapter 11 on the tone of
  wording in questions is especially helpful.

44

• Pfau, M., Haigh, M. M., Logsdon, L., Perrine, C.,
  Baldwin, J. P., Breitenfeldt, R. E., Cesar, J.,
  Dearden, D., Kuntz, G., Montalvo, E., Roberts, D.
  Romero, R. (2004). Embedded Reporting During
  the Invasion and Occupation of Iraq How the
  Embedding of Journalists Affects Television News
  Reports. Journal of Broadcasting Electronic
  Media. 49 (4). 468-487.
• A detailed quantitative content analysis of news
  reports on the Iraq war, both embedded and
  non-embedded reports, looking for differences.
  This research article shows exactly how to use
  the content analysis method in regards to
  broadcasting and the effects of differing
  messages.

45
Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content analysis An
introduction to its methodology. Thousand
Oaks, CA Sage Publications.

• This book primarily focuses on the progression
  and expansion of content analysis in the past
  several decades. With the advancement of media, a
  floodgate of materials open to content analysis
  has burst open upon us. Krippendorff provides an
  insightful look into the process of content
  analysis.

46
Freedman, J. L. (2002). Media violence and its
effect on aggression Assessing the scientific
evidence. Buffalo University of Toronto Press.

• In this book, Freedman compiles many of the
  studies performed on aggression and violence in
  the media. He compares the studies and reveals
  his results. Not only does this book provide
  wonderful in-depth examples of past media
  experiments, but it is also an example of a
  content analysis, both qualitative and
  quantitative.

47
Steinar, K. (1996). Interviews An introduction
to qualitative research interviewing. Thousand
Oaks, CA Sage Publications.

• This book explains the practical need for
  interviews in research. In addition to providing
  applications and definitions, this resource also
  delves into the philosophical realms of
  interviewing. Another benefit to this book is the
  fact the it is written on a level understandable
  to undergraduate students, which makes it
  accessible to everyone.

48
Gubrium, J. F., Holstein, J. A. (2002).
Handbook of interview research Context
methods. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.

• Not only does this resource provide basic and
  background information about interviewing, but it
  also applies the interviewing process to current
  postmodern media. In addition, the book discusses
  moral issues surrounding the interview process.
  This is a critical resource for anyone who might
  ever perform an interview for research purposes.

49

• Stewart, D. W. Shamdasani, P. N. (1990). Focus
  groups Theory and
• practice. London Sage Publications.
• Another useful book for someone who is
  inexperienced to use in the application of focus
  group research. This book contains a very useful
  section on group dynamics, as well as helpful
  reviews at the end of each section.

50
Moores, S. (1993). Interpreting audiences The
ethnography of media consumption. Thousand
Oaks, CA Sage Publications.

• This is a beginners book that collects and
  compares various ethnographic studies that have
  been done pertaining to media audiences (i.e.
  television, newspapers, magazines, etc.). This is
  a helpful resource when analyzing and comparing
  past behaviors of media consumers.

51
Denzin, N. K., Lincoln, Y. S. (2000). Handbook
of qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage
Publications.

• Not only does this book delve into the different
  qualitative methods and how to apply them, but it
  also looks at how they relate to the social
  issues in todays society. This resource would be
  very helpful as a brush up for any qualitative
  researcher.

52
Altheide, D. L. (1996). Qualitative media
analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.

• Qualitative media analysis is one of the most
  prominently used methods for a communication
  researcher. This book provides how to conduct an
  analysis on various forms of media such as
  newspapers, magazines, and television.

53
Smith, C. D., Kornblum, W. (1996). In the
field Readings on the field research
experience. Westport, CT Praeger.

• This book comprises the experiences of a group
  of noted ethnographic researchers. Not only does
  the book provide a better understanding for the
  application of field research, but takes a look
  at its history as well.

54

• Prater, B. W., Wang, P., Lavine, J. (1994).
  Enhancing newspaper's value as local advertising
  medium. Newspaper Research Journal. 15 (3),
  131-143.
• A good example of how to use a focus group to
  achieve your goals. This study could be adapted
  to fit any type of broadcast media that relies on
  local advertising.

55
Yin, R. K. (1984). Case study research Designs
and methods. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage
Publications.

• Yin provides an outlined step by step
  description of case studies for the new
  researcher. This book defines case study
  research, explains design, and summarizes data
  collection in a thorough yet understandable
  manner.

56
McKeown, N. (1982). Case studies and projects in
communication. New York Methuen.

• Although slightly outdated, McKeowns book
  provides extensive knowledge of case studies. Not
  only does McKeown provide definitions and
  descriptions, but he also offers hands on
  projects for researchers to better understand the
  subject matter.

57
Berkhofer, R. F. (1969). A behavioral approach to
historical analysis. New York Free Press.

• This book takes an exhaustive look at a research
  method that is often overlooked. Understanding
  historical analysis allows researchers to be able
  to take hard look at a past scenario. By
  understanding the past, we can make comparisons
  and predictions of the future.

58
Neuendorf, K. A. (2001). The content analysis
guidebook. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.

• This book provides step by step instruction in
  understanding and implementing content analysis.
  This is a text aimed at upper-level graduates,
  which allows us to increase our research
  knowledge and the expand into new areas of
  research.

59
Weber, R. P. (1990). Basic content analysis
quantitative applications in the social
sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.

• This book is an in-depth look at quantitative
  content analysis, but from a social science
  aspect. This would be a good resource if we were
  conducting research that involves the social
  sciences. It also includes content on working
  with computers and charts.

60
Riffe, D., Lacy, S., Fico, F. G. (2005).
Analyzing media messages Using quantitative
content analysis in research. (2 ed.). Mahwah,
NJ L. Erlbaum Associates.

• This text book provides a comprehensive look at
  quantitative content analysis. Of all of the
  research methods, this particular method is often
  the hardest to grasp. This book allows a
  researcher to understand the process better
  through step-by-step instructions and current
  applications.

61

• Reference
• Section

62

• References
• Altheide, D. L. (1996). Qualitative media
  analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.
• American Psychological Association (2001).
  Publication Manual of the American Psychological
  Association (5th edition). Washington, DC
  American Psychological Association.
• Berkhofer, R. F. (1969). A behavioral approach to
  historical analysis. New York Free Press.
• Booth, W. C., Colomb, J. M., Williams, J. M.
  (2003). The craft of research. (2nd ed.).
  Chicago University of Chicago Press.
• Broadcasting (2006) New York Reed Business
  Information.
• Broadcasting Cable (2006) New York Reed
  Business Information.
• Broadcasting Telecommunications (2006) Ottawa,
  ON Statistics Canada.
• Bryant, J., Zillman, D. (2002). Media effects
  Advances in theory and research. Mahwah, NJ L.
  Erlbaum Associates.
• Castelnero, G (2006). T.V land detroit. Ann
  Arbor, MI University of Michigan Press.
• Converse, J. M. Presser, S. (1986). Survey
  questions Handcrafting the standardized
  questionnaire. London Sage Publications.

63

• Denzin, N. K., Lincoln, Y. S. (2000). Handbook
  of qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage
  Publications.
• EBSCOhost Research Databases. (2006).
  Communication and Mass Media Complete. Retrieved
  December 9, 2006 from http//web.ebscohost.com/eho
  st/search?vid1hid112sid17366ed9-b62b-461d-a44
  2-77c2147aa1e140sessionmgr108
• Fowler, F. J. (1993). Survey research methods.
  (2nd ed.). London Sage Publications.
• Freedman, J. L. (2002). Media violence and its
  effect on aggression Assessing the scientific
  evidence. Buffalo University of Toronto Press.
• Gerbner, G. (Ed.). (1977). Mass media policies in
  changing cultures. New York John Wily Sons.
• Goldberg, B. (2003). Arrogance Rescuing America
  from the media elite.New York Warner Books,
  Inc.
• Goldberg, B. (2001). Bias A CBS insider exposes
  how the media distort the news. Massachusetts
  Ave, Washington D.C. Renery Publishing.
• Gubrium, J. F., Holstein, J. A. (2002).
  Handbook of interview research Context
  methods. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.

64

• Hanson, G., Weardon, S. T. (2004). Measuring
  newscast accuracy Applying a newspaper model to
  television. Journalism Mass Communication
  Quarterly, 81 (3), 546-558.
• Jablin, F. M., Putnam, L. L. (2001). The new
  handbook of organizational communication
  Advances in theory, research, and methods.
  Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.
• Jay, H. (1978). TV guide The first 25 years. New
  York Triangle Publications, Inc.
• Jenson, K. (2002). A handbook of media and
  communication research. New York Routledge.
• Journal of Broadcasting Electronic Media (2006)
  Washington District, Broadcast Education
  Association.
• Journalism Mass Communication Quarterly (2006)
  Columbia, SC, Association for Education in
  Journalism Mass Communication.
• Kault D. (2003). Statistics with common sense.
  London Greenwood Press.
• Kennedy, S. D. (1998). Best bet of the internet
  Reference and research when you dont have time
  to mess around. Chicago American Library
  Association.
• Krueger, R. A. (1994). Focus groups A practical
  guide for applied research. (2nd ed.). London
  Sage Publications.
• Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content analysis An
  introduction to its methodology. Thousand Oaks,
  CA Sage Publications.

65

• Kubey, R. (1997). Media literacy in the
  information age Current perspectives. New
  Brunswick, NJ Transaction Publishers.
• Lindlof, T. R. (1995). Qualitative communication
  research method. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage
  Publications.
• McKeown, N. (1982). Case studies and projects in
  communication. New York Methuen.
• MediaWeek (2006) New York VNU eMedia, Inc.
• Columbia Journalism Review (2006) New York
  Columbia Journalism Review.
• Metzler, K. (1997). Creative writing The
  writers guide to gathering
• information by asking questions. (3rd ed.).
  London Allyn and Bacon.
• Moores, S. (1993). Interpreting audiences The
  ethnography of media consumption. Thousand Oaks,
  CA Sage Publications.
• Neuendorf, K. A. (2001). The content analysis
  guidebook. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications.
• OCLC FirstSearch. (2006) WorldCat Advanced
  Search. Retrieved December 9, 2006 from
  http//newfirstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/LogDbChange?db
  changetypequickselectnexthtml/advanced.htmlbad
  html/home.htmlsessionidfsapp14-33676-evioqyil-2
  d67kuentitypagenum430dbnameWorldCat

66

• Pfau, M., Haigh, M. M., Logsdon, L., Perrine, C.,
  Baldwin, J. P., Breitenfeldt, R. E., Cesar, J.,
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