NETE4631 Network Information Systems : Introduction to Cloud Computing

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NETE4631Network Information Systems
Introduction to Cloud Computing

• Lecture Notes 2

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Recap - Network Information Systems (NIS)

• NIS is an information system for managing
  networks.
• Examples
• Grid-based application
• telecommunications network
• Mail services, www
• Cloud-based application

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Transformation of Data to information
Feedback
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What is Cloud Computing?

• Cloud computing is a model for enabling
  convenient, on-demand network access to a shared
  pool of configurable computing resources (e.g.,
  networks, servers, storage, applications, and
  services) that can be rapidly provisioned and
  released with minimal management effort or
  service provider interaction. (A definition by
  the US National institute of standards and
  technology (NIST))
• Some of the characteristics
• Distributed computing at a massive scale
• On demand elasticity
• Exploiting existing technologies (Grid, Utility,
  Virtualization)
• Pay per use model
• Driven by economies of scale

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Market Forecast
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Main Aspects of a Cloud System
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What is different?

• Scale -Some companies that rely on cloud
  computing have infrastructures that scale over
  several (or more) data centers, Amazon YouTube
• Simplicity simpler computing APIs
• Pricing pay as you use and No upfront capital
  expenditure from investment to operational cost

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What is different? (2)

• Availability of infinite computing resources on
  demand to follow the load surges eliminating the
  need for planning far ahead for provisioning
• No requirements for an up-front commitment and
  enabling companies to start small and increase
  resources only when the need increases
• The ability to pay for use of computing resources
  on a short-term basis as needed (for example,
  processors by the hour and storage by the day)
  and release them as needed, thereby rewarding
  conservation by letting machines and storage go
  when they are no longer useful.

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Cloud Characteristics

• Non-Functional Aspects
• Elasticity Horizontal and vertical scalability,
  middleware capable of automatic integration and
  extraction of extra resources when required.
• Reliability -No loss of data, no code reset
  during execution etc.
• Quality of Service -Specific requirements MUST be
  met by the service provider, e.g., response time,
  throughput etc.
• Agility and adaptation meeting the requirements
  of new or different resources on the fly
• Availability of services and data masking
  failures

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Cloud Characteristics

• Economic Aspects
• Cost reduction Reducing the cost for
  infrastructure acquisition and maintenance
• Improved time to market Imperative for SMEs.
  Larger enterprises can publish new capabilities
  with little overhead to remain competitive.
• Return on investment Essential but not
  guaranteed
• Turning CAPEX into OPEX from capital cost to
  operation cost model
• Going Green Reducing the energy consumption of
  unused resources scaling up should also consider
  the carbon footprint

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Service and Deployment Models
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Common Elements of a Cloud
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Is Cloud Computing for Me?

• For end users
• Cost reduction From capital investment to
  operational expense (pay-per-use)
• Ease of use via standardized mechanisms, e.g.
  Browser
• Flexibility and short time-to-result
• Services providers
• Reduction of the entrance barrier
• Reduction of time to market
• Private Cloud
• Maximize the utilisation of computing resources
• Minimize operational costs and the organisation
  keeps full control of its data centres

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Benefits of Cloud Computing

• On-demand self-service
• Broad network access
• Resource pooling
• Rapid elasticity
• Measured service
• Lower costs
• Ease of utilization
• Quality of Service
• Reliability
• Outsourced IT management
• Simplified maintenance and upgrade
• Low barrier to entry

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Some of the Challenges!!!

• Security
• Would my data be more secure with Cloud provider?
• Interoperability
• Significant risk of vendor lock-in Standardized
  interfaces not available, incompatible
  programming models
• Reliability
• Use of commodity hardware, prone to failure
  ...Cloud 2.0
• Laws and regulations
• Privacy, security, and location of data storage
• Organizational changes
• Changing authorities of IT departments,
  compliance policies
• Cost
• Purchase vs. Lease, migration cost, models to
  design capital and operational budgets, cost of
  cloud providers

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Some Public Cloud Providers

• Amazon
• Google
• Azure Service Platform
• Salesfoce.com (CRM systems)

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Amazon Web Services (AWS)

• Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) Virtual machines and
  CPU cycles
• Simple Storage Service (S3) Virtual storage
  service
• Simple Queue Service (SQS) Message passing API
• SimpleDBRunning queries on structured data in
  real time works with EC2 and S3

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Google App Engine
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Windows Azure

• Windows Azure Service hosting and management,
  storage, computation, networking
• Microsoft SQL Services Database services and
  reporting
• Microsoft .NetServices Service-based
  implementation of .NET framework

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A Comparative
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References

• Armbrust, M., et al., 2010, A View of Cloud
  Computing, ACM, 53(4), pp. 50-58.
• Zhang, Q., Cheng, L., Boutaba, R., Cloud
  Coomputing state-of-the-art and research
  challenges, Journal of Internet Services and
  Applications, 2010, 17-18.
• The Future of Cloud Computing Opportunities for
  European Cloud Computing Beyond 2010.

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Exercise

• Put some NISs in your company as well as their
  characteristics (Application support, input,
  processing, output) into Levels of management
  below.

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Characteristics of each level of management
support
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• THANK YOU!!!!!