Understanding and Using Maps

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Understanding and Using Maps
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'DoNow'

1. Identify the continents or oceans indicated by
   the letters A I.

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Latitude and Longitude

• The earth is divided into lots of lines called
  latitude and longitude.

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Lines

• Longitude lines run north and south.
• Latitude lines run east and west.
• The lines measure distances in degrees.

Latitude
Longitude
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Where is 0 degree?

• The equator is 0 degree latitude.
• It is an imaginary belt that runs halfway point
  between the North Pole and the South Pole.

Equator
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Where is 0 degree?

• The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude. This
  imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom,
  France, Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica.

Prime Meridian
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Compass

• A compass is a tool that helps the user know what
  direction one is headed.
• On a map, a compass or a compass rose helps the
  user locate these directions.

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Map Legends

• The legend is the key to unlocking the secrets of
  a map. Objects or colors in the legend represent
  something on the map.

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Age Expectancy
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Can you understand this legend?
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World Map
North Pole
Arctic Ocean
Europe
Asia
N.America
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Equator
Africa
S.America
Indian Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Australia
Prime Meridian
Southern Ocean
Antarctica
South Pole
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The previous map was very simple. It only shows
generalized places. To locate a specific point
on Earth we need a more detailed map.
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So, how can we use latitude and longitude values
to find locations on a map?
Flattening makes it easier!
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'DoNow'

1. What information is missing from the map above.?
2. According to the map which are the developed
   countries?
3. According to the map which are the developing
   countries?

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Typical Graph

• This is an example of a typical graph we are all
  familiar with.
• This graph is made up of different points with
  lines that connect the points.

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Typical Graph

• Each point has two values
• The X value that runs along thehorizontal X
  axis
• The Y value that runs along thevertical Y
  axis

Y axis
X axis
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Typical Graph

• X value is always stated first
• Followed by the Y value
• The origin is the point where the 2 axes
  intersect with a value of (0,0)

Y
(3,8)
(9,5)
X
(0,0)
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Typical Graph

• A point can also have negative(-) values
• Negative X values are to the left of the origin
  (0,0)
• Negative Y values are below theorigin (0,0)

Y
(-X,Y)
(X,Y)
(0,0)
X
(X,-Y)
(-X,-Y)
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East/West, North/South on The Earth

• Let the X axis be the Equator.
• Let the Y axis be the Prime Meridian(runs
  through Greenwich outside of London).
• Lat/Long values are the 2 grid points bywhich
  you can locate any point on earth.

Y
X
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East/West, North/South on The Earth

• Let each of the four quarters then be designated
  by North or South and East or West.

N
E
W
S
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East/West, North/South on The Earth

• The N tells us were north of the Equator.
• The S tells us were south of the Equator.
• The E tells us that were east of the Prime
  Meridian.
• The W tells us that were west of the Prime
  Meridian.

(N, W)
(N, E)
N
E
W
S
(S, W)
(S, E)
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East/West, North/South on The Earth

• That means all points in NorthAmerica will have
  a North latitude and a West longitude because it
  is North of the Equator and West of the Prime
  Meridian.

(N, W)
Prime Meridian
Equator
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East West, North South on the Earth
Equator
?

• What would be the latitude and longitude
  directions in Australia?
• What would be the latitude and longitude
  directions in S.America?

Prime Meridian
?
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What is Latitude?

• Latitude is the distance from theequator along
  the Y axis.
• All points along the equator have a value of 0
  degrees latitude.
• North pole 90N
• South pole 90S
• Values are expressed in terms of degrees.

90N
Y
X
90S
0
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What is Longitude?

• Longitude is the distance from the prime meridian
  along the X axis.
• All points along the prime meridian have a value
  of 0 degrees longitude.

90E
90W
Y
X
180W
180E
0
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So Where is (0,0)?

• The origin point (0,0) is where the equator
  intersects theprime meridian.
• (0,0) is off the western coast of Africa in the
  Atlantic Ocean.

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DoNowSee If You Can Tell In Which Quarter
These Long/Lats points Are Located

• 1. 41N, 21E
• 2. 37N, 76W
• 3. 72S, 141W
• 4. 7S, 23W
• 5. 15N, 29E
• 6. 34S, 151E

A
B
D
C
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, 69 W
18 N
Where can you find Santo Domingo?
SD

M

Where can you find Madagascar?
20 S
, 47 E
29
90
60
30
0
30
60
90
180
180
90
45
45
135
135
90
0
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DoNow

• Qué línea se encuentra en 0 latitude?
• Qué línea se encuentra en 0 longitude?
• Como se llego a determinar el local para la
  línea en la pregunta 2?

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DoNow

• What kind of line is the equator?
• Why you need a legend on a map?
• What are the cardinal directions?
• According to Question 3 are these the only
  directions that you can travel?

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Sites to visit

• Look up Latitude and Longitude for US Cities
• Maps and Map Skills Degrees, Latitude,
  Longitude Worksheet
• Latitude and Longitude Map (lesson plan)
• Scale
• Time Zones
• Anchors Aweigh (a map adventure)
• Map Quiz
• Make Your Own Map
• Topography Maps
• U. S. Map Collection
• GeoSpy Game
• Globe Projector
• GeoGame

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Additional Sources

• Atlas - World (Holt, Rinehart and Winston)
• Outline Map of US
• Map Packet Download
• Maps.com
• National Geographic Xpeditions
• Maps Globes