Aim: How did Frankish kingdoms rise to power after the fall of Rome?

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• Aim How did Frankish kingdoms rise to power
  after the fall of Rome?
• Do now timeline
• HW- Chapter 8, section 1

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The Middle Ages

• The Middle Ages, or medieval period, occurred
• in Europe between the 400s and the1500s
• after the fall of the Western Roman Empire

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Defining the Medieval Period

• The time period has also been called the Middle
  Ages and the Dark Ages

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Medieval Europe Stages
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Fall of Western Rome

• Collapse of central government
• Breakdown of law and order
• Armed men threaten countryside

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Germanic Tribes

• Germanic tribes plundered Europe and
• established small kingdoms. Invaders were
  Romanized Christians.

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Rise of the Germanic Peoples

• Ostrogoths Italian peninsula
• Visigoths modern-day Spain
• Angles and Saxons modern-day Britain
• Franks central Europe

Invasion of the Goths into the Roman Empire, a
19th-century painting
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Germanic Culture

• Centrality of the tribal unit or family.
• The leadership of the war chieftain
• Germanic customs replaced Roman written laws
• -- feuds, vendettas
• -- wergeld - payments
• --trial by ordeal
• --trial by combat
• --compurgation - oaths

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Germanic Culture

• Blending of Germanic and Roman culture
• Rural society - decline of town life and trade
• The role of forests in Germanic thinking
• Pagans Thor, Wotan

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Aim Did Charlemagne save Christian Europe?

• Do Now Analyzing a Secondary Source
  Charlemagne reading
• What is the main idea of the reading?
• 1. Underline key ideas as you read.
• 2. Take notes in the margins.
• 3. Answer questions 1,2 on the handout

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The Rise of the Franks, 330-751

• The Franks least romanized and most orthodox of
  the Germanic tribes
• In 350 became Roman federati

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The Merovingian Dynasty

• 481 - Clovis became king and established the
• Merovingian line. Supported by the Church,
• they gained control of Gaul

Clovis, the King of the Franks
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Frankish Kings

• Kingship sacred institution combining the
  functions of military leader, high priest,
  lawmaker and judge.
• Power of Frankish kings based upon their estates
  and personal possessions.
• Traditional customs of inheritance property
  divided equally among children.
• No attempt to preserve unpopular Roman system of
  taxation.

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The Rise of the Franks
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The Merovingian Dynasty

• As Merovingian kings grew weak, the mayor
• of the palace came to rule. Pépin II and his
• successors united the Frankish kingdoms

Pépin II ruled from 687 to 714
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The Merovingian Dynasty

• 732 - Pépins son, Charles Martel, defeated
• the Moors halted the Muslim advance in
• Europe

October 732 - a triumphant Charles Martel facing
Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi at the Battle of Tours.
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Carolingian Dynasty

• 751 - Pépin the Short established the
• Carolingian dynasty after overthrowing the last
• Merovingian king

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Carolingian Dynasty

• Pépins army helped the pope defeat the
• Lombards and donated the land around Rome
• - the Papal States

Carolingian Dynasty
In 751 Pepin the Short was crowned king of the
Franks by Pope Boniface, who converted the
Germanic tribes to Christianity
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Charlemagne

• 768 Charles the Great became king.
• Father of Europe
• Military conquests spread faith
• Active in Church affairs
• Built new capital at Aachen.
• Defeated Lombards.

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Carolingian Dynasty

• 800 - the pope crowned Charlemagne Emperor
• of the Romans after he drove out the Muslims
• and united western Europe

Charlemagne ruled from 768 and until 814. On
Christmas Day of the year 800, he was crowned
Emperor of the Romans
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Carolingian Dynasty

• Charlemagne worked to build a new Rome
• and brought civilization, order, and learning to
• Europe

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Carolingian Dynasty

• Charlemagne divided his empire into regions
• governed by counts. Missi dominici were sent
• into the kingdom as his direct representatives

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Carolingian Dynasty

• Charlemagne started schools, his scholars
• produced a readable Bible, and he forced his
• subjects to convert to Christianity

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The Decline of the Frankish Empire

• 814 - Charlemagne died and his empire
• declined rapidly due to weak leadership

Charlemagne's Tomb in the Gothic Chancel of the
Aachen Dom
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The Decline of the Frankish Empire

• Louis the Pius, 814-840, Charlemagnes only
  surviving son.
• Weak leader, lost power to counts.
• His 3 sons divided empire into 3 kingdoms.

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The Decline of the Frankish Empire

• 843 - the Treaty of Verdun divided
• Charlemagne's empire among his descendants

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The Decline of the Frankish Empire

• Weakened by division, the kingdoms were
• invaded by Slavs, Muslims, and the nomadic
• Magyars

Magyars (led by Arpad) arriving in the Danube
Basin
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The Vikings

• During the 800s and the 900s western Europe
• was invaded by the Vikings from Scandinavia

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The Vikings

• The Vikings would raid and loot settlements
• and capture slaves to work on their farms in
• Scandinavia shallow-draft boats.

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The Vikings

• Explored Iceland, Greenland, North America.
  Settled in England, Ireland, and parts of Europe.
  Attacked Constantinople three times.