Land Biomes

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Land Biomes

• Chapter 20

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Biomes

• Geographic area characterized by certain types of
  plant and animal communities
• Contains smaller ecosystems
• Rainfall and temperature are the major factors
  determining what biome is in a region
• Not specific to a place
• Ex. Desert biome doesnt refer to one desert in
  particular but to any of them

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Forests

• Needs enough rain and right temperature
• Not too hot, not too cold
• Three types
• Temperate Deciduous forest
• Coniferous forest
• Tropical Rain forest

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Temperate Deciduous

• This is where you live
• Deciduous leaves that fall off
• Producers include trees, grass, moss, ferns
• Animals include bears, birds, rodents and even
  the platypus

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Temperate Deciduous

• Rain
• 75-125 cm a year
• Temperature
• Summer 28 C
• Winter 6 C

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Coniferous Forest

• Dont change much from winter to summer
• Long cold winters
• Coniferous pine trees with cones

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Coniferous Forest

• Producers include pine trees mostly and some
  flowers, moss, wild potato
• Animals include yak, llamas, goats, birds, snow
  leopards

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Coniferous Forest

• Rain 35-75 cm
• Temperature 14 C in summer, -10 C in winter
• Also called Boreal forest or Tiaga

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Tropical Rain Forest

• More diversity than any other biome
• Some animals only live in the tree tops (canopy)
  while others live on the ground.
• Most nutrients are found in the vegetation

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Tropical Rain Forest

• Producers include bamboo, various trees such as
  coconut, lianas or vines, flowers and strangler
  fig
• Animals include elephants, tigers, monkeys, bats
  and insects

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Tropical Rain Forest

• Rain up to 400 cm a year
• Temperature -gt 34 C during the day
• 20 C at night
• Also called the jungle

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Grasslands

• Also called steppes, pampas, prairies
• Found between deserts and forests
• Found on every continent
• Most are flat with rolling hills

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Temperate Grassland

• Prairie
• Rain 25-75 cm a year
• Temperature 30 C in summer
• 0 C in winter

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Temperate Grassland

• Producers include GRASS, and small flowering
  plants
• Animals include prairie dogs, birds, mice, foxes,
  bobcats, coyotes, insects

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Savanna

• Tropical Grassland
• 150 cm in rain a year
• Temperature
• Dry season 34 C
• Wet season 16 C

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Savanna

• Producers include GRASS with scattered trees
• Animals include elephants, giraffes, zebras,
  gazelles, wildebeests, leopards, lions and hyenas

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Savanna

• Think of the Lion King

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Desert

• Hot, dry area
• Plants and animals have adapted to gain and
  conserve water
• Rain less than 25 cm a year
• Temperature- 38 C in the summer, 7 C in the
  winter

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Desert

• Producers include cactus, small flowering plants
  such as aster, and bushes
• Animals include rodents, birds, bobcats, reptiles
  such as snakes, lizards, tortoise and gila
  monsters

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Desert
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Tundra

• Far North on tops of mountains
• Too cold for trees to grow
• Permafrost permanently frozen ground below the
  surface
• Keeps water from draining keeping surface soggy
  and wet

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Tundra

• Producers include moss, grasses, berries, tea,
  small willow shrubs and lichens
• Animals include caribou, musk oxen, lemmings,
  shrews, hares, birds, bears, fox and wolves

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Tundra

• Rain 30-50 cm a year
• Temperature
• 12 C in summer
• -26 C in winter