The%20Protestant%20Reformation

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The Protestant Reformation
2
Erasmus and Christian Humanism

• The Protestant Reformation is the name that is
  used for the reform movement that divided the
  western Church into Catholic and Protestant
  groups.

3
Christian Humanism

• Christian humanists goal was to reform the
  Catholic Church
• Believed that they must reform individuals in
  order to reform the church

4
Desiderius Erasmus

• was a well known Christian humanist
• Called his view of religion the philosophy of
  Christ
• belief that Christians should show people how to
  live good lives.

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Desiderius Erasmus

• He criticized the Catholic Church, but did not
  want to break away from it
• However, his ideas paved the way for the
  Reformation

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Religion on the Eve of the Reformation

• Between 1450 and 1520, there was great corruption
  in the church
• Popes were more concerned with Italian politics
  than spiritual duties
• Church officials were using their church offices
  to make money
• http//alwaysdream.blogspot.com/2006/04/church-and
  -religion-on-eve-of.html

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Religion on the Eve of the Reformation

• The people wanted a meaningful religion, and
  wanted to know how to achieve salvation
• Acceptance into Heaven
• Church officials began selling indulgences to the
  ill-educated citizens
• Forgiveness from all or part of the punishment
  for sin
• All of these things greatly upset reformers

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Martin Luther http//www.history.com/videos/marti
n-luther-sparks-a-revolutionmartin-luther-sparks-
a-revolution

• German monk and professor
• He challenged Catholic teachings that salvation
  was achieved through faith and good works

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Martin Luther

• Luther believed people could never do enough
  works to gain salvation
• Said that they were saved through their faith in
  God alone

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Martin Luther

• According to Luthers teachings, God grants
  salvation because he is merciful, not because of
  a persons good works
• This is called justification (being made right
  with God)
• Became the chief teaching of the Protestant
  Reformation

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The Ninety-Five Theses

• Statements against the sale of indulgences that
  were sent to church superiors
• Thousands of copies were spread through Germany
• http//www.spurgeon.org/phil/history/95theses.htm
  

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The Churchs Reaction to Martin Luther

• In 1521, the Catholic Church excommunicated
  Martin Luther
• He was made an outlaw in the empire

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A Rise in Lutheranism

• Luthers religious movement became a revolution
• He set up new religious services to replace
  Catholic mass
• Consisted of Bible readings, preaching, and songs
• became known as Lutheran churches
• Lutheranism was the first Protestant faith

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Politics in the German Reformation

• Charles V, the emperor of the immense Holy Roman
  Empire, really wanted to keep his land Catholic
• Many princes of the German states supported
  Luther

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Politics in the German Reformation

• Charles V attempted to bring military forces to
  Germany, but was unable to defeat the princes

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Peace of Augsburghttp//www.christianity.com/chur
ch/church-history/timeline/1501-1600/peace-at-augs
burg-11629989.html

• Because of his failure in Germany, Charles was
  forced to sign the Peace of Augsburg
• formally accepted the division of Catholicism and
  Lutheranism
• The German states could now choose between the
  two