British%20history

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British history
VY_32_INOVACE_14-18

• Celts
• Romans
• Anglo Saxons
• Normans

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Celts and Romans

• Pre-Celtic period (before 800 B.C.)
• preserved monuments
• Celtic invasion
• from 8th century B.C.
• in three waves
• Gaels (Ireland, Scotland), Britons (Engl.
  ,Wal.,Scot.), Belgae (Kent, s.-east Engl.)iron
  age begins, villages, towns are
  builtflourishing
• Celtic language 
• Roman invasion
• from 1st century B.C. until 5th century A.D.
• 55 B.C. G. Julius Caesar defeated by British
• 43 A.D. emperor Claudius resisted..revolts
  (Boudiccas)
• 128 A.D. Hadrians Wall
• Britannia Romans province
• towns, roads built, London/Londonium important
  center and harbour London Bridge/, palaces,
  baths, temples
• Christianity
• Latin 

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Hadrians Wall
Bath

• Autor Glen Bowman, Název Hadrians Wall 03.jpg
• Zdroj
• http//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileHadrians_Wa
  ll_03.jpg

• Autor Andrew Bunn, Název Roman Baths, Bath.jpg
• Zdroj http//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileRoma
  n_Baths,_Bath.jpg

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Anglo-Saxons and Vikings

•  
• Anglo-Saxon invasion
• Germanic tribes - from 5th cent. until 11th
  century
• Angles, Saxons, Jutes cruel, burning villages
• revolts /king Arthurs legends/
• farmers, towns did NOT develop
• burnt villages
• language influence
• Viking invasion
• from 8th until 11th century /Danes, Norsemen/
• seamen, good warriors and tradersrevolt Alfred
  the GreatDanes defeated
• English literature has started, schools founded
• Winchester the capital
• from tribal to feudal society, Danish king
  Canute united Saxons and Danes Viking Empire /
  Denmark, Norway/ 
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Viking invasions

• Autor Bogdangiusca, Název Vikings-Voyages.png
• Zdroj
• http//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileVikings-Vo
  yages.pngfile

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Normans

• Edward III the Confessor- importance of London,
  W. Abbey founded London the most important city
• Norman invasion - Norman Conquest 1066
• William the Conqueror (1087-1100, French)
  defeated Harold II (English)
• battle of Hastings 1066 ( last Anglo-Saxon
  king)
• succesful invasion by French speaking Normans,
  coronation in Westm. Abbey
• all A.-Saxon land confiscated ? barons, higher
  position of noblemen
• strong feudalism established (kings power)
• built Tower of London castles
• Domesday Book 1086, administration (sheriffs,
  free law, no church influence
• language French, Latin, English simplified no
  cases or genders

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William the Conqueror

• Autor Neznámý, Název William the conqueror.jpg
• Zdroj
• http//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/FileWilliam_th
  e_conqueror.jpg

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Norman kings and policy

• Henry I, Stephen
• House of Plantagenets
• Henry II (1154- 1189)
• inherited a French empire
• reforms, Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury
  church courts - assassination 1170 
• Richard I Lion Heart
• John Lackland lost Normandy
• Magna Carta 1215
• Edward I
• regain a kings power, wool taxes barons,
  bishops H. of Lords Parliament rebellions
  with Scotts (Will. Wallace, Rob. Bruce)
• Edward II, Edward III
• Hundred YearsWar

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Hundred YearsWar

• 1337 - 1453
• England versus France
• English was winning in the beginning?
• Crécy 1346
• 1348 black death
• 1415 Agincourt
• 1428 Joan of Arc
• 1453 Chantillion
• results
• En.- Fr. disaster
• En.lost French posssesions
• English language was strengthen schools,
  courts, parliament

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War of Roses

• 1453 - 1485
• House of York
• ( white rose, better position by the king Henry
  IV)
• versus
• House of Lancaster
• ( red rose, better claim)
• brutal war
• results
• battle of Bosworth - Richard III killed
• Henry VII married the Princess of York?peace
• beginning of TUDOR DYNASTY

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Thank you for your attention.

• Autor DUM Mgr. Darina Sikorová