Operational Communication Systems and Relationship to Ionosphere and Space Weather

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Operational Communication Systems and
Relationship to Ionosphere and Space Weather
Emrah Gülay Aerospace Engineering Department METU
20/12/2205
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OUTLINE

• Ionosphere and Relationship to Communication
• Daily Ionospheric Variations
• Ionospheric Variations Due to Seasons
• Ionospheric Variations Due to Latitude
• Ionospheric Scintillation
• Space Weather and Relationship to Communication
• Solar Cycle
• Solar Flare

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Ionosphere and Relationship to Communication

• Ionosphere extends from a height of 50 km
• to 500 km above the surface of the Earth.
• Regions in the Ionosphere
• D region 50 to 90 km
• E region 90 to 140 km
• F1 region 140 to 210 km
• F2 region over 210 km

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Day and night structure of the ionosphere
www.ips.gov.au
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Daily Ionospheric Variations
E and F layer frequencies for a Singapore to Ho
Chi Minh circuit sometime in a solar cycle.
www.ips.gov.au


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Day and night structure of the ionosphere
www.ips.gov.au
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Ionospheric Variations due to Seasons

• Summer noon frequencies generally greater than
  those in winter.
• However around solar maximum wintwr frequencies
  tend to be higher than those in summer.

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Ionospheric Variations due to Seasons
During summer season frequencies are generally
greater than those in winter
www.ips.gov.au/Educational
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Ionospheric Variations Due to Latitude
www.colorado.edu/ news/releases
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Ionospheric Scintillation

• Low band microwave communication or navigation
  systems may be subjected to degradation due to
  Ionospheric scintillation

www.suite101.com/files/topics/13646/files
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Space Weather and Relationship to Communication

• Solar Cycle

www.ips.gov.au/ Educational
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Solar Flare
Solar Flares are huge explosions on the Sun which
emits radiation.
www.deanesmay.com/images/solar_flare
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REFERENCES

• www.deanesmay.com
• www.ips.gov.au/Educational
• www.colorado.edu
• hesperia.gsfc.nasa.gov/hessi

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www-ssc.igpp.ucla.edu/gem/event_nov93/images/93nov
01.gif