How do we deal with the drug problem?

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How do we deal with the drug problem?

• Lesson 14

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Picture reading
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• ????(????) - ?? - ???? - ????

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How do we deal with the drug problem?
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Warm up
Contents

• Drug Problem ?
• Vocabularies Related to Drug ?

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Drug Problem

• Drug addiction has been described as a
  pathological relationship to a ________. What
  kind of symptoms indicates that someone has a
  drug problem? Well, for a start, it is obvious
  that the person has a problem if they deny or try
  to hide their drinking or drug use, or ______ to
  everyone that they are taking less than they
  really are if they try to make excuses for their
  drug-taking if they avoid talking about their
  drug-taking habits and ________ the problems
  associated with drug use if they seek out
  friends who are also drug users if they have
  drug-related problems such as accidents,
  financial difficulties, absenteeism, _______
  illnesses, difficulties at work, conflicts with
  family and friends.

substance
pretend
minimize
frequent
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Drug Problem
certainly

• And of course it is _______ true that hard drugs
  are more of a problem than soft drugs. If someone
  is taking cocaine or _____ regularly then they
  certainly have a Drug Problem and need help in
  trying to overcome it. If on the other hand they
  are taking cannabis now and again, most people
  would accept that it does not constitute a Drug
  Problem.
• The Drug Problem affects all of us, because drugs
  ___ crime. Illegal drugs are now more widely
  available than ever before and children are
  __________ exposed to them. Drugs are not just a
  threat to health they are also a threat on the
  streets and a serious threat to communities too,
  because of drug-related crime.

heroin
fuel
increasingly
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• One answer to the Drug Problem is to improve job
  opportunities, because drug taking is often
  _________ with other social problems such as
  unemployment, boredom, ________ from society and
  so on. Perhaps the best approach is to help
  people to resist drugs, and at the same time
  protect communities from drug-related crime by
  better policing make treatment for drug addicts
  more readily available and to ____ the
  availability of drugs on the street. There are no
  easy answers to the Drug Problem. But there is
  plenty of support out there if drug users do
  decide that they want to ____ their drug habit.

associated
alienation
stifle
kick
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Vocabularies Related to Drug
cannabis cocaine stimulants opium heroin morphine
crack dolantin ice ecstasy, XTC
?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???
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drug dependence drug of abuse drug
addiction abstinence syndrome drug
addict injecting drug user, IDU snorting physical
dependence psychic dependence physiological
dependence psychological dependence
????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???????
?? ????? ????? ????? ?????
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drug-seeking behavior drug-taking
behavior compulsive drug use polydrug
abuse detoxification withdrawal rehabilitation rei
ntegration
???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????
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• Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971
• United Nations Convention Against Illicit
  Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psycho tropic
  Substances, 1988
• National Institute on Drug Dependence
• 1971???????
• 1988?????????????????????
• ??????????

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• International Narcotics Control Board, INCB
• United Nations International Drug Control
  Programme, UNDCP
• World Health Organization, WHO
• ???????????
• ??????????
• ??????

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• Community Epidemiology Work Group, CEWG
• Asian Multicity Epidemiology Work Group, AMEWG
• ???????????????
• ????????????????

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Background

• Author
• Drugs The Hidden Danger to Youth
• Themes of International Day against Drug Abuse
  and Illicit Trafficking

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Author

• Gore Vidal (1925-) is a prolific American
  novelist, playwright and essayist one of the
  greatest stylists of contemporary American prose.
• Clarence Page Pulitzer Prize winner columnist
  and member of the editorial board at the Chicago
  Tribune since 1984. Twice a week, he addresses,
  with passion and style, the social, economic and
  political issues affecting people in the United
  States such as crime, education, housing, hunger
  and bigotry.

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• Charles Krauthammer After graduating from
  Canadas McGill University, Charles studied
  political theory at Oxford and then went to
  Harvard Medical School. Trained as a neurologist
  and psychiatrist, he returned to political
  analysis, first as a senior editor at the New
  Republic and then as a syndicated columnist. A
  collection of his essays has been published, and
  he has won a Pulitzer Prize for commentary. The
  excerpt here is taken from an article he
  published in 1988.

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Drugs The Hidden Danger to Youth

• Today, young people using "ecstasy tablets"
  semi-openly at parties is not a rare scene in
  some cities. Among officially registered drug
  addicts, 70 per cent are under the age of 35. And
  the types of drugs they use are becoming more and
  more diverse.
• Many factors are involved such as teaching in
  schools, the role of neighborhood committees and
  non-government organizations (NGOs), mental
  health support, family environment and media
  influence.

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• The world needs a well-considered practical
  approach and coordinated efforts to make headway.
• The reality today is that in many places, young
  people have very limited access to knowledge
  about drugs although drug abuse and trafficking
  are spreading in these areas.
• In large cities and relatively rich areas, many
  of the attempts we have seen so far, mainly
  represented by lectures or posters and short-term
  campaigns, are superficial.

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• What has been done is far from being enough to
  equip young people with a comprehensive knowledge
  about drugs and to make them understand the dire
  consequences of using drugs.
• It is true that schools, community organizations
  and NGOs have their respective difficulties in
  doing more to fight the war on drugs.

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• It is the government's duty to find ways to solve
  these problems. At the same time, parents and
  teachers should learn to improve their
  communication skills and provide emotional
  support for their children or students. Young
  people should also be encouraged to seek
  counseling for emotional problems.

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Themes of International Day against Drug Abuse
and Illicit Trafficking

• 2000 Facing reality denial, corruption and
  violence
• ???????????
• 2001 Sports against drugs
• ??????
• 2002 Substance Abuse and HIV/AIDS
• ??????

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• 2003 Lets talk about drugs
• ?????????
• 2004"Drugs treatment works
• ????,????

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Passage 1 Drugs
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Text Analysis

• Dont say that marijuana is addictive and
  dangerous when it is neither, unlike speed,
  which kills most unpleasantly, or heroin, which
  is addictive and difficult to kick. (Para. 1)
• Dont exaggerate the harmful effect of marijuana.
  It is neither addictive nor dangerous, as is
  often described. Differentiate it from speed
  and heroin. Speed causes death while heroin is
  difficult to stop using once a person is addicted
  to it.

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addict

• ???????
• She was addicted to rock music.
• He was addicted to cocaine.
• We are all addicts of change.
• addiction
• addict
• addictive
• addicted

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At cost

• Do not believe the salesman when he says he is
  selling his products at cost.
• The young man made his goal achieved at the cost
  of his life.
• The doctors were told to save the boys life at
  any cost/at all costs.

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kick

• They kicked off the promotional tour with a
  press conference for the author.
• He spent the next three years in Italy, kicking
  around the country on a motor.
• A sandstorm kicked up while we drove through
  the desert.
• kicked up a row.
• ??

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• kick around
• ??,??
• ????
• kick off
• ?? ??
• kick up
• ??,?? ??(??)
• Cf. stir up

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• kick the bucket????
• ??
• kick the habit????
• ??
• kick up (one's) heels
• ?????????
• kick upstairs????
• ????
• Kick over the ladder
• ????

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for the record

• Declared openly and officially, especially so as
  to make known ones disagreement.
• ???, ?????
• Just for the record, I think the President is a
  fool.
• ?????,????????
• for the record, said the Senator, I think our
  effort to reduce the crime is a failure.

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• Along with exhortation and warning, it might be
  good for our citizens to recall that the United
  States was the creation of men who believed that
  each man has the right to do what he wants with
  his own life as long as he does not interfere
  with his neighbors pursuit of happiness. (Para.
  3)

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• While urging people not to take drugs and warning
  them of the dangers, we should remind our
  citizens that their country was created by the
  early European settlers who believed that a man
  has the right to do whatever he wishes to his own
  life as long as what he does doesnt prevent his
  neighbor from seeking happiness.

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interfere

• The organizer was unsatisfied with the loud
  talking that interfered with the other patrons'
  conversations.
• ????????????????
• He felt greatly frustrated with the assistance
  that only interfered.
• Synonyms
• meddle tamper (next page)

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• tried to tamper with the decedent's will
• tampering with the timing mechanism of the safe.
• Don't tamper with my feelings.
• tamper with a jury.
• ??, ??, ??, ??, ??

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• Now one can hear that the warning rumble begin
  if everyone is allowed to take drugs everyone
  will and we shall end up a race of Zombies.
  (Para. 4)
• Zombies someone who does not seem to know or
  care about what is happening around them and
  moves very slowly, esp. because they are very
  upset or tired

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• Now we hear those people who are against
  legalization giving us warnings. They say if
  drugs are legalized, everyone will become
  addicts, and our nation will become one near to
  living death.

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end up

• At first, he refused to accept any responsibility
  but he ended up apologizing.
• If you dont mend your ways, youll end up a
  criminal.
• end up adj/n/doing/done/??

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end phrases

• cf.
• end it all
• end ones days (in sth.)
• end in sth.

• cf.
• ??
• (????????)????
• ??????????

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• It is a lucky thing for the American moralist
  that we have no public memory of anything that
  happened last Tuesday. (Para. 6)
• Most Americans have a bad memory and dont
  remember anything that happened in the past. This
  is a lucky thing for those people who advocate
  forbidding drugs (for if they remembered what
  Prohibition in the 1920s resulted in, they would
  see that prohibition of drugs will not be
  feasible, either).

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• Last year when the supply of marijuana was
  slightly reduced by the Feds, the pushers got the
  kids hooked on heroin and deaths increased
  ramatically. (Para. 8)
• Last year when the FBI got tough with drug
  dealing, and the supply of marijuana went
  slightly down, young marijuana users had to shift
  to a more harmful drugheroin. Pushers got them
  addicted, and the number of people who died of
  overdose went up sharply.

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hook

• hook on to
• ??, ??
• hooked up with the wrong crowd
• ??
• by hook or by crook
• ????
• get the hook
• ????????????
• hook, line, and sinker
• ???????

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• off the hook
• ??
• let me off the hook with a mild reprimand.
• on (one's) own hook
• ??????????

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• Finally, if there was no money in it, the Bureau
  of Narcotics would wither away, something they
  are not about to do without a struggle. (Para. 9)
• Finally, if the Mafia couldnt get money out of
  legal drug dealing when drugs are legal, the
  Bureau of Narcotics would be disbanded. This is
  something the government will surely try hard to
  prevent because the people working in the Bureau
  would lose their jobs.

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• wither away
• to become weaker and then disappear
• After leaving school, their friendship withered
  away.
• withered withering
• It will take a long time to make dry flowers
  because the process is time-consuming.
• Withered ???? ???, ???
• Withering????, ???, ???????

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Passage 2 the trouble with legalizing drugs
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Pump into

• To pump new life into the economy.
• ????????
• pump out a flooded basement.
• pump up a tire.
• The lively debate really pumped us up.
• ?????????????

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• Deep thinkers have long advocated lifting the
  prohibition on drugs.
• To lift to revoke by taking back to bring an
  end to (a blockade or siege) by removing forces
• lifted the embargo.
• ????
• To lift a ban/blockade/restriction/
• sanction/ siege
• See page 438

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• Last year the debate was stirred anew when
  Baltimore Mayor Kurt Schmoke called for a serious
  national debate on the subject. (Para. 13)
• Last year Baltimore Mayor Kurt Schmoke suggested
  a nation-wide debate on legalization, and it
  started off another debate.

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• To be alone in (doing) sth
• Germany was not alone in opposing another UN
  resolution on the matter.
• He was not alone in thinking that drugs can be
  stopped in a very short time.
• Declare /wage war on sth.
• To declare war on corruption/crime/
• poverty/a disease

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prescribe

•  ???
• I'll prescribe for you as soon as I get the
  report.
• What medicine did the doctor prescribe for your
  illness?
• ??
• The law prescribes heavy penalties for this
  offence.
• Regulations prescribe that a lawyer draw up the
  paper.

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prescribe

•  prescription
• n.  ??, ??, ??
• Prescript
• n.   ??,  ??
• You should ____ to one or more weekly magazines
  such as Time,or People.
• A. subscribe
• B. order
• C. prescribe
• D. reclaim

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• ???????????????????????????
• ????
• subscribe????(???),????to
• order????,??,?(?,?)
• prescribe?????
• reclaim????,???

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• Unfortunately, the simple beauty of such logic
  has an ugly gaping hole.(16)
• Mayor Schmokes logic seems simple if you cant
  win the game, you should change the rules, in
  other words, if you cant solve the drug problem,
  you should legalize it. Unfortunately, Mayor
  Schmoke fails to take into consideration a lot of
  important aspects involved.

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approach

• The performance approaches perfection.
• approached the task with dread.
• ??????????
• the approach of night.
• a logical approach to the problem.
• ????????????

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Miss the boat

• Fail to understand sth.
• miss the boat
• ????
• miss the bus
• ???? ????
• miss the mark
• ???
• miss the target
• ?????, ?????

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• Drugs are a symptom of deeper ills in certain
  segments of our society, particularly the
  impoverished segments. (Para. 19)
• Widespread use of drugs is a sign of more serious
  social problems for some groups of the
  population, especially for the poor.

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fix

• no easy fix for an intractable problem.
• ???????????
• a briefing that gave us a fix on the current
  situation.
• ??????????????????
• And addicts would not commit crimes to pay for
  the next fix.
• ???? ?????????????

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3. legalize? No. Deglamorize
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To boot

• To boot besides
• He not only got fifty dollars, but they bought
  him dinner to boot.
• ??????????,??????
• She's an attractive woman, and wealthy to boot.

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minimize

• Governments consider it prudent to minimize the
  risk.
• The polar explorers took every precaution to
  minimize the dangers of their trip.
• He minimized the value of her contribution to his
  research so that he got all the praise.
• ? ... ????, ??

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outweigh

• ?..???,???
• My love for my parents outweighs everything else.
  
• ???????????
• ????????????
• Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
• weigh

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•  All experts agree that the most important
  consideration with diet drugs is carefully _____
  the risks and benefits.
• A. weighing
• B. valuing
• C. evaluating
• D. distinguishing
• Key A

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Be here to stay

• (sth) to be here to stay/have come to stay sth.
  is generally accepted and is part of all our
  lives.
• Whether you like it or not, the generation gap is
  here to stay.
• Exams are here to stay in our education system.

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sanction

• n.  ??, ???, ??
• The minister can only act in this matter with the
  sanction of Parliament.
• The book was translated without the sanction of
  the author.
• Western nations imposed tough sanctions on the
  country.
• vt.  ??, ??
• Cf. sanctuary

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• The manager gave her his _____ that her complaint
  would be investigated.
• A. assurance
• B. assumption
• C. sanction
• D. insurance
• Key A

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• What we save in law enforcement we would have to
  spend many times over in traffic deaths, lost
  productivity and hospital costs.
• Then we would be able to save money in enforcing
  prohibition. But we would, at the same time,
  spend far more, many times over what we save,
  dealing with problems resulting from higher
  consumption more traffic deaths, lost
  productivity and hospital costs.

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• The great paradigm is the success of the now
  25-year-old antismoking campaigns.
• The success of the antismoking campaigns, which
  have been waged for 25 years, is an excellent
  example of what painstaking and sustained effort
  can achieve.

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Humphrey Bogart

• Works
• The Maltese Falcon
• ?????
• Casablanca
• ????(?????)
• The African Queen

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Crack down

• ? ... ?????? ??
• The riot police started to crack down on them.
• ???????????????,?????????????
• The teacher cracked down on the students when he
  found they had not been obeying the rules in the
  examination.

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Throw in

• ??
• Throw in a lucky get-rich- quick cat, and the
  Japanese gourmand is hooked.
• ???????,???????????
• The time-honored search for a soul mate has
  always been one part humiliation, two parts
  aggravation, and a little blind luck thrown in
  for the fortunate.
• ?????,?????,??????????????,?????????,????????,????
  ????????????????

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mount

• mount stairs.
• mount a horse mount a platform.
• ??,??
• mount a play.
• ????
• mount an army.
• ??
• mount an attack.
• ??

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• If you are just a politician looking for
  reelection, send in the Marines and wave to the
  camera.
• And if you are a politician seeking reelection
  and wishing to project a favorable image, go all
  out and wave your hand before the camera so that
  your picture will be carried in newspapers and
  TV.
• To send in the Marines here used figuratively
  meaning doing everything possible (the Marines
  are the toughest soldiers in the US army.)

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Word Building
List
Prefix anti- en-
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root
anti-war
anti- opposition to
prefix
antibiotics anti-aircraft anticlimax anti-ballisti
c anti-bomb anticlockwise anti-icer
??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????
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root
en- turns a noun or an adjective into a verb
meaning to put into or on.
enrich
prefix
enlarge enable endanger encircle enforce enlist en
slave
?? ??? ????? ??,?? ??,?? ????? ????
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Enumeration

• Enumeration means listing things or items in a
  certain way.
• There are two kinds of enumeration.

Enumeration
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• For Example
• First Second Third
• In the first place in the second place in the
• third place
• For a start next/then last
• For one thing for another last of all

A. Arithmetical (chronological order)
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• For Example
• The best the next best the very best
• First more importance most important of all
• Good better still/even better the best

B. Precedence (rank order)
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II. Quiz 1
dominant simplify
length satisfy
satisfaction dominate
minimum separate
industry lengthen
separation minimize
simple industrialize
Please match the words with correct verbs.
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II. Quiz 2

•  Unfortunately, he is heavily ___ to drugs.
• a. addicted
• b. absorbed
• c. endowed
• d. bothered
• 2. It was courageous of him to ____ the One
• Family, One Child policy at that time.
• a. advance b. minimize
• c. repeal d. advocate

a d
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II. Quiz 2
3. Foreigners are ____ to visit some places such
as military areas, top secret scientific research
centers. a. welcomed b.
labeled c. banned d.
proposed 4. The people of that country have
suffered a lot from years of economic sanctions.
They hope that the punishment could be ____
soon. a. lifted b. disproved
c. cracked d. pushed
c a
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II. Quiz 2

• 5. Since you are adults now, you can not always
• rely on your parents, hoping that they will
  ___
• you ___ when you are in trouble.
• a. sell out b. bail out
• c. sail out d. bear out
• 6. Man is ready to die for an idea, ____ that
  the
• idea is not quite clear to him.
• a. if b. offered
• c. provided d. although

b c
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II. Quiz 2
7. As long as demand remains, the traffic is
destined to find ways to get ____. a. ever
b. in c. out d.
through 8. If you are steadfast enough, you can
___ a bad habit. a. kick
b. forget c. forgive
d. smuggle
d a
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II. Quiz 2
9. The American people are as ___ to the idea of
sin and its punishment as they are to making
money. a. resolved b.
legalized c. devoted d.
glamorized 10. The world community refused to
accept Japans ___ for its invasion to
many Asian countries in WWII. a.
exhortations b. justifications
c. consumptions d. prescriptions
c b
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Detailed Analysis

• Para. 17-20