It is obvious that Jesus in Matthew 5:21-48 contrasts his teaching to someone

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(No Transcript)
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It is obvious that Jesus in Matthew 521-48
contrasts his teaching to someone
"You have heard that it was said to the people
long ago, 'Do not murder, and anyone who murders
will be subject to judgment.' But I tell you that
anyone who is angry with his brother will be
subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to
his brother, 'Raca, 'is answerable to the
Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, 'You fool!' will
be in danger of the fire of hell. (Matthew
521-22 NIV)
"You have heard that it was said, 'Do not commit
adultery.' But I tell you that anyone who looks
at a woman lustfully has already committed
adultery with her in his heart. (Matthew 527-28
NIV)
3
Understanding the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5)

• Some believe that Jesus is contrasting the law of
  Moses to the coming law of His kingdom
• Therefore they emphasize the discontinuity
  between the Jewish and Christian Ages

They see Jesus advancing a higher, stricter
morality than Moses
4
For ExampleThey see Moses versus Jesus
"You have heard that it was said to the people
long ago, 'Do not murder, and anyone who murders
will be subject to judgment.' But I tell you that
anyone who is angry with his brother will be
subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to
his brother, 'Raca, 'is answerable to the
Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, 'You fool!' will
be in danger of the fire of hell. (Matthew
521-22 NIV)
Wrong today to be angry, or insult others
Jesus teaching demands more than Moses
They Interpret this way
Higher morals under Jesus
Under Moses it was wrong to murder
5
But did Jesus contrast his teaching to Moses?
"Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law
or the Prophets I have not come to abolish them
but to fulfill them. I tell you the truth, until
heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest
letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by
any means disappear from the Law until everything
is accomplished. Anyone who breaks one of the
least of these commandments and teaches others to
do the same will be called least in the kingdom
of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches
these commands will be called great in the
kingdom of heaven. For I tell you that unless
your righteousness surpasses that of the
Pharisees and the teachers of the law, you will
certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven.
(Matthew 517-20 NIV)
6
Jesus and the Law of Moses
"Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law
or the Prophets I have not come to abolish them
but to fulfill them. I tell you the truth, until
heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest
letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by
any means disappear from the Law until everything
is accomplished. Anyone who breaks one of the
least of these commandments and teaches others to
do the same will be called least in the kingdom
of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches
these commands will be called great in the
kingdom of heaven. For I tell you that unless
your righteousness surpasses that of the
Pharisees and the teachers of the law, you will
certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven.
(Matthew 517-20 NIV)
Why did Jesus have to defend his loyalty to the
Law of Moses?
7
Why did Jesus have to defend his loyalty to the
Law of Moses

• The Scribes and Pharisees were looked upon as
  being the defenders of orthodoxy. If they found
  fault with Jesus the multitudes would have
  reason to doubt.

"The teachers of the law and the Pharisees sit in
Moses' seat. So you must obey them and do
everything they tell you. But do not do what they
do, for they do not practice what they preach.
(Matthew 232-3 NIV)
8
The Pharisees and the FENCE around the law
Fence
Law of Moses
The Pharisees
It was often said of the job of the Rabbi,
lawyer, or scribe Their job is to deliberate in
judgment, train up many disciples, and make a
fence around the law
9
The Pharisees and the FENCE around the law
Fence
1000s of regulations added to the Law
No work on Sabbath
Cant carry a pen
Cant pluck grain on Sabbath if you are hungry
The Pharisees
If your house is on fire on Sabbath cant put it
out
Cant walk more than ½ mile on the Sabbath
Can heal on the Sabbath
10
Their man-made laws were more numerous
Fence
1000s of regulations added to the Law
No work on Sabbath
Cant carry a pen
Cant pluck grain on Sabbath if you are hungry
The Pharisees
If your house is on fire on Sabbath cant put it
out
Cant walk more than ½ mile on the Sabbath
Can heal on the Sabbath
11
Actually the FENCE was often narrower or more
restrictive than the Law
If you crossed their Fence
The Fence of the Pharisees and Scribes
The Law of Moses
They judged you as a SINNER
12
Actually the FENCE was often narrower or more
restrictive than the Law
Jesus often crossed their man-made fence
The Fence of the Pharisees and Scribes
The Law of Moses
They judged HIM as a SINNER
13
Actually the FENCE was often narrower or more
restrictive than the Law
They tie up heavy loads and put them on men's
shoulders, but they themselves are not willing to
lift a finger to move them. (Matthew 234 NIV)
In regard to picking grain on the Sabbath for a
snack
Then he said to them, "The Sabbath was made for
man, not man for the Sabbath. (Mark 227 NIV)
14
Actually the FENCE was often narrower or more
restrictive than the Law
They tie up heavy loads and put them on men's
shoulders, but they themselves are not willing to
lift a finger to move them. (Matthew 234 NIV)
In regard to healing a man on the Sabbath
Then Jesus said to them, "I ask you, which is
lawful on the Sabbath to do good or to do evil,
to save life or to destroy it?" (Luke 69 NIV)
15
Why did Jesus have to defend his loyalty to the
Law of Moses
Some of the Pharisees said, "This man is not from
God, for he does not keep the Sabbath." But
others asked, "How can a sinner do such
miraculous signs?" So they were divided. (John
916 NIV)
Then they hurled insults at him and said, "You
are this fellow's disciple! We are disciples of
Moses! (John 928 NIV)
Was Jesus teaching in conflict with Moses?
16
Jesus BEGAN his sermon emphasizing his agreement
with the Law
"Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law
or the Prophets I have not come to abolish them
but to fulfill them. I tell you the truth, until
heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest
letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by
any means disappear from the Law until everything
is accomplished. Anyone who breaks one of the
least of these commandments and teaches others to
do the same will be called least in the kingdom
of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches
these commands will be called great in the
kingdom of heaven. For I tell you that unless
your righteousness surpasses that of the
Pharisees and the teachers of the law, you will
certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven.
(Matthew 517-20 NIV)
Jesus teaching was in perfect harmony with the
law of Moses
17
Jesus BEGAN his sermon emphasizing his agreement
with the Law
"Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law
or the Prophets I have not come to abolish them
but to fulfill them. I tell you the truth, until
heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest
letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by
any means disappear from the Law until everything
is accomplished. Anyone who breaks one of the
least of these commandments and teaches others to
do the same will be called least in the kingdom
of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches
these commands will be called great in the
kingdom of heaven. For I tell you that unless
your righteousness surpasses that of the
Pharisees and the teachers of the law, you will
certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven.
(Matthew 517-20 NIV)
Jesus teaching was in perfect harmony with the
law of Moses
Jesus teaching WAS NOT in harmony with the
teachers of the law and the Pharisees
18
Jesus ENDED his sermon emphasizing his agreement
with the Law
So in everything, do to others what you would
have them do to you, for this sums up the Law and
the Prophets. (Matthew 712 NIV)
Jesus teaching was in perfect harmony with the
law of Moses
Jesus teaching WAS NOT in harmony with the
teachers of the law and the Pharisees
19
It is obvious that Jesus in Matthew 521-48
contrasts his teaching to someone
"You have heard that it was said to the people
long ago, 'Do not murder, and anyone who murders
will be subject to judgment.' But I tell you that
anyone who is angry with his brother will be
subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to
his brother, 'Raca, 'is answerable to the
Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, 'You fool!' will
be in danger of the fire of hell. (Matthew
521-22 NIV)
It should NOW be obvious that Jesus contrasts his
teaching to the Pharisees not Moses
"You have heard that it was said, 'Do not commit
adultery.' But I tell you that anyone who looks
at a woman lustfully has already committed
adultery with her in his heart. (Matthew 527-28
NIV)
20
Yet on the surface it seems like he IS quoting
from Moses
"You have heard that it was said to the people
long ago, 'Do not murder, and anyone who murders
will be subject to judgment.' But I tell you that
anyone who is angry with his brother will be
subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to
his brother, 'Raca, 'is answerable to the
Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, 'You fool!' will
be in danger of the fire of hell. (Matthew
521-22 NIV)
Exodus 2013
"You have heard that it was said, 'Do not commit
adultery.' But I tell you that anyone who looks
at a woman lustfully has already committed
adultery with her in his heart. (Matthew 527-28
NIV)
Exodus 2014
21
But there is solid evidence to reject the idea
that he is quoting Moses

• He previously maintained his complete allegiance
  to Moses (517-18)
• If he contradicted or changed Moses he would
  prove the charges of his enemies to be true
• He called those who kept the law as fit for the
  coming kingdom (Matt 517-18)
• He said His disciples righteousness must exceed
  the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees
  not the righteousness of the Law. (Matt 519-20)

You cant exceed the righteousness of the law
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So then, the law is holy, and the commandment is
holy, righteous and good. Did that which is good,
then, become death to me? By no means! But in
order that sin might be recognized as sin, it
produced death in me through what was good, so
that through the commandment sin might become
utterly sinful. (Romans 712-13 NIV)
The teaching of Jesus was designed to make sin
utterly, utterly sinful
Those who think Jesus contrasts his teaching to
Moses unknowingly interpret this way
Higher morals under Jesus
The law was designed to make sin become utterly
sinful
You cant exceed the righteousness of the law
23
But there is solid evidence to reject the idea
that he is quoting Moses

• He previously maintained his complete allegiance
  to Moses (517-18)
• If he contradicted or changed Moses he would
  prove the charges of his enemies to be true
• He called those who kept the law as fit for the
  coming kingdom (Matt 517-18)
• He said His disciples righteousness must exceed
  the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees
  not the righteousness of the Law. (Matt 519-20)
• He did not introduce these quotes like he did
  when he quoted scripture

24
Notice how Jesus and Matthew introduced a
scripture quote
Jesus answered, "It is written 'Man does not
live on bread alone, but on every word that comes
from the mouth of God.'" (Matthew 44 NIV)
In them is fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah
"'You will be ever hearing but never
understanding you will be ever seeing but never
perceiving. (Matthew 1314 NIV)
For God said, 'Honor your father and mother' and
'Anyone who curses his father or mother must be
put to death.' (Matthew 154 NIV)
25
Notice how Jesus and Matthew introduced a
scripture quote
"Haven't you read," he replied, "that at the
beginning the Creator 'made them male and
female,' (Matthew 194 NIV)
Jesus said to them, "Have you never read in the
Scriptures "'The stone the builders rejected has
become the capstone the Lord has done this, and
it is marvelous in our eyes'? (Matthew 2142
NIV)
26
Notice how Jesus and Matthew introduced a
scripture quote
COMPARE TO THE QUOTES OF MATTHEW FIVE

• It is written
• In them is fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah
• For God said
• Havent you read
• Have you never read in the scriptures

• You have heard what the ancients were told
  (521,33)
• You have heard that it was said (527, 31, 38,
  43)

Jesus is referring to traditions and oral
interpretations passed down from the fathers and
incorporated into the teaching of the scribes and
Pharisees
27
Further proof that Jesus was not quoting from the
Law
"You have heard that the ancients were told, 'YOU
SHALL NOT COMMIT MURDER' and 'Whoever commits
murder shall be liable to the court.' (Matthew
521 NASB)
NASV always capitalizes a quote from O.T.. Why
dont they capitalize whoever commits murder
shall be liable to court
Because you can't find it in the O.T.
28
Further proof that Jesus was not quoting from the
Law
"You have heard that it was said, 'YOU SHALL LOVE
YOUR NEIGHBOR, and hate your enemy.' (Matthew
543 NASB)
NASV always capitalizes a quote from O.T.. Why
dont they capitalize and hate your enemy
Because you can't find it in the O.T.
29
Did Jesus contrast his teaching to Moses in the
Sermon on the Mount?
"Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law
or the Prophets I have not come to abolish them
but to fulfill them. I tell you the truth, until
heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest
letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by
any means disappear from the Law until everything
is accomplished. Anyone who breaks one of the
least of these commandments and teaches others to
do the same will be called least in the kingdom
of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches
these commands will be called great in the
kingdom of heaven. For I tell you that unless
your righteousness surpasses that of the
Pharisees and the teachers of the law, you will
certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven.
(Matthew 517-20 NIV)
NO!
30
Was it wrong under Moses to be angry and insult
others?
"You have heard that it was said to the people
long ago, 'Do not murder, and anyone who murders
will be subject to judgment.' But I tell you that
anyone who is angry with his brother will be
subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to
his brother, 'Raca, 'is answerable to the
Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, 'You fool!' will
be in danger of the fire of hell. (Matthew
521-22 NIV)
Wrong today to be angry, or insult others
Jesus teaching demands more than Moses
They Interpret this way
Higher morals under Jesus
Under Moses it was wrong to murder
31
Was it wrong under Moses to be angry and insult
others?
Do not hate your brother in your heart.
(Leviticus 1917 NIV)
Do not be quickly provoked in your spirit, for
anger resides in the lap of fools. (Ecclesiastes
79 NIV)
They sharpen their tongues like swords and aim
their words like deadly arrows. (Psalms 643 NIV)
Wrong today to be angry, or insult others
Jesus teaching demands more than Moses
They Interpret this way
Higher morals under Jesus
Under Moses it was wrong to murder
32
Making things right with a brother before God
accepts worship
Jesus Taught
"Therefore, if you are offering your gift at the
altar and there remember that your brother has
something against you, leave your gift there in
front of the altar. First go and be reconciled to
your brother then come and offer your gift.
(Matthew 523-24 NIV)
O.T. Taught
If I had cherished sin in my heart, the Lord
would not have listened (Psalms 6618 NIV)
If a Jew sinned against someone restitution was
required before the priest offered the sacrifice
(Lev 515-16)
33
Notice that Jesus Exaggerates a Legal example
to illustrate Gods reaction to heart sin
Jesus Taught
Literally, this punishment is not true
But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his
brother will be subject to judgment. Again,
anyone who says to his brother, 'Raca, 'is
answerable to the Sanhedrin. But anyone who says,
'You fool!' will be in danger of the fire of
Gehenna. (Matthew 522 NIV)
"Settle matters quickly with your adversary who
is taking you to court. Do it while you are still
with him on the way, or he may hand you over to
the judge, and the judge may hand you over to the
officer, and you may be thrown into prison. I
tell you the truth, you will not get out until
you have paid the last penny. (Matthew 525-26
NIV)
Jesus is interested in getting us to get things
right with our brother before we meet the judge
(God)
34
"You have heard that it was said to the people
long ago, 'Do not murder, and anyone who murders
will be subject to judgment.' But I tell you that
anyone who is angry with his brother will be
subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to
his brother, 'Raca, 'is answerable to the
Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, 'You fool!' will
be in danger of the fire of hell. (Matthew
521-22 NIV)
Pharisees interpreted Moses
If you murder you will receive penalty before
judge
Jesus interpreted Moses
Anger insults will send you before the supreme
court and into the fire of Gehenna
35
"You have heard that it was said to the people
long ago, 'Do not murder, and anyone who murders
will be subject to judgment.' But I tell you that
anyone who is angry with his brother will be
subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to
his brother, 'Raca, 'is answerable to the
Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, 'You fool!' will
be in danger of the fire of hell. (Matthew
521-22 NIV)
Pharisees interpreted Moses
If you murder you will receive penalty before
judge
Did this literally occur in Old or New Testament
times?
Jesus interpreted Moses
Anger insults will send you before the supreme
court and into the fire of Gehenna
NO!
36
The Problem with the Pharisees

• Not only did they build a fence around the law
• They also would interpret the scriptures to
  justify themselves

He said to them, "You are the ones who justify
yourselves in the eyes of men, but God knows your
hearts. (Luke 1615 NIV)
37
If you murder you get punished we have not
murdered therefore we are righteous people
"You have heard that it was said to the people
long ago, 'Do not murder, and anyone who murders
will be subject to judgment.' But I tell you that
anyone who is angry with his brother will be
subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to
his brother, 'Raca, 'is answerable to the
Sanhedrin. But anyone who says, 'You fool!' will
be in danger of the fire of hell. (Matthew
521-22 NIV)
One purpose of the law
so that through the commandment sin might
become utterly sinful. (Romans 713 NIV)
The Pharisee interpreted the law in such as way
as to PASS to declare themselves righteous
38
Was it wrong under Moses to lust for another
mans wife?
"You have heard that it was said, 'Do not commit
adultery.' But I tell you that anyone who looks
at a woman lustfully has already committed
adultery with her in his heart. (Matthew 527-28
NIV)
Wrong to even desire a sexual relationship with
any woman you are not married to
They Interpret this way
Higher morals under Jesus
Under Moses it was wrong to have a sexual
relationship with anothers wife
39
Was it wrong under Moses to lust for another
mans wife?
"You shall not covet your neighbor's house. You
shall not covet your neighbor's wife, or his
manservant or maidservant, his ox or donkey, or
anything that belongs to your neighbor." (Exodus
2017 NIV)
"If my heart has been enticed by a woman, or if I
have lurked at my neighbor's door, then may my
wife grind another man's grain, and may other men
sleep with her. For that would have been
shameful, a sin to be judged. (Job 319-11 NIV)
40
Notice that Jesus exaggerates again to make his
point
Jesus Taught
But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman
lustfully has already committed adultery with her
in his heart. If your right eye causes you to
sin, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better
for you to lose one part of your body than for
your whole body to be thrown into hell. (Matthew
528-29 NIV)
Literally, cutting out the eye does not cure lust
in the heart. Blind people commit literal
adultery
Jesus exaggerates teaching extreme measures
must be taken to control the thoughts of the heart
41
Notice that Jesus exaggerates again to make his
point
Jesus Taught
For from within, out of men's hearts, come evil
thoughts, sexual immorality, theft, murder,
adultery, etc. (Mark 721 NIV)
Literally, cutting out the eye does not cure lust
in the heart. Blind people commit literal
adultery
Jesus exaggerates teaching extreme measures
must be taken to control the thoughts of the heart
42
For ExampleThey see Moses versus Jesus
"Again, you have heard that it was said to the
people long ago, 'Do not break your oath, but
keep the oaths you have made to the Lord.' But I
tell you, Do not swear at all either by heaven,
for it is God's throne (Matthew 533-34 NIV)
No vows or oaths even when testifying in court
They Interpret this way
Higher morals under Jesus
Under Moses vows were strictly regulated, but
allowed
43
Here is what the Law of Moses taught
"'Do not swear falsely by my name and so profane
the name of your God. I am the LORD. (Leviticus
1912 NIV)
When a man makes a vow to the LORD or takes an
oath to obligate himself by a pledge, he must not
break his word but must do everything he said.
(Numbers 302 NIV)
If you make a vow to the LORD your God, do not be
slow to pay it, for the LORD your God will
certainly demand it of you and you will be guilty
of sin. (Deuteronomy 2321 NIV)
The Pharisees summed up the teaching this way
"Again, you have heard that it was said to the
people long ago, 'Do not break your oath, but
keep the oaths you have made to the Lord.'
(Matthew 533 NIV)
44
But their emphasis was on one word LORD
"'Do not swear falsely by my name and so profane
the name of your God. I am the LORD. (Leviticus
1912 NIV)
When a man makes a vow to the LORD or takes an
oath to obligate himself by a pledge, he must not
break his word but must do everything he said.
(Numbers 302 NIV)
If you make a vow to the LORD your God, do not be
slow to pay it, for the LORD your God will
certainly demand it of you and you will be guilty
of sin. (Deuteronomy 2321 NIV)
The Pharisees summed up the teaching this way
"Again, you have heard that it was said to the
people long ago, 'Do not break your oath, but
keep the oaths you have made to the Lord.'
(Matthew 533 NIV)
45
But their emphasis was on one word LORD
"'Do not swear falsely by my name and so profane
the name of your God. I am the LORD. (Leviticus
1912 NIV)
When a man makes a vow to the LORD or takes an
oath to obligate himself by a pledge, he must not
break his word but must do everything he said.
(Numbers 302 NIV)
If you make a vow to the LORD your God, do not be
slow to pay it, for the LORD your God will
certainly demand it of you and you will be guilty
of sin. (Deuteronomy 2321 NIV)
The Pharisees summed up the teaching this way
"Again, you have heard that it was said to the
people long ago, 'Do not break your oath, but
keep the oaths you have made to the LORD.'
(Matthew 533 NIV)
46
Their emphasis was not on telling the TRUTH But
on the FORM of the vow

• As long as you didnt use the name of the Lord in
  your vow it was not AS binding
• Like a childrens game today of crossing your
  fingers
• They had developed sophisticated rules for which
  vow form was more binding than truth

"Again, you have heard that it was said to the
people long ago, 'Do not break your oath, but
keep the oaths you have made to the Lord.'
(Matthew 533 NIV)
"Again, you have heard that it was said to the
people long ago, 'Do not break your oath, but
keep the oaths you have made to the LORD.'
(Matthew 533 NIV)
47
Jesus says dont vow at all if that is the case
But I tell you, Do not swear at all either by
heaven, for it is God's throne or by the earth,
for it is his footstool or by Jerusalem, for it
is the city of the Great King. And do not swear
by your head, for you cannot make even one hair
white or black. Simply let your 'Yes' be 'Yes,'
and your 'No,' 'No' anything beyond this comes
from the evil one. (Matthew 534-37 NIV)
"Again, you have heard that it was said to the
people long ago, 'Do not break your oath, but
keep the oaths you have made to the Lord.'
(Matthew 533 NIV)
"Again, you have heard that it was said to the
people long ago, 'Do not break your oath, but
keep the oaths you have made to the LORD.'
(Matthew 533 NIV)
48
But did he mean that under Moses you could take a
vow or an oath, but now you cant?

• The Lord swore to David and Abraham (Ps 13211
  Heb 618) and said this to give encouragement to
  believers today
• Jesus gave testimony under oath in court

But Jesus remained silent. The high priest said
to him, "I charge you under oath by the living
God Tell us if you are the Christ, the Son of
God." "Yes, it is as you say," Jesus replied.
"But I say to all of you In the future you will
see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of
the Mighty One and coming on the clouds of
heaven." (Matthew 2663-64 NIV)
49
But did he mean that under Moses you could take a
vow or an oath, but now you cant?

• The Lord swore to David and Abraham (Ps 13211
  Heb 618) and said this to give encouragement to
  believers today
• Jesus gave testimony under oath in court
• Paul frequently called God as his witness

God, whom I serve with my whole heart in
preaching the gospel of his Son, is my witness
how constantly I remember you (Romans 19 NIV)
50
But did he mean that under Moses you could take a
vow or an oath, but now you cant?

• The Lord swore to David and Abraham (Ps 13211
  Heb 618) and said this to give encouragement to
  believers today
• Jesus gave testimony under oath in court
• Paul frequently called God as his witness

I call God as my witness that it was in order to
spare you that I did not return to Corinth. (2
Corinthians 123 NIV)
51
For ExampleThey see Moses versus Jesus
"You have heard that it was said, 'Eye for eye,
and tooth for tooth.' But I tell you, Do not
resist an evil person. If someone strikes you on
the right cheek, turn to him the other also. And
if someone wants to sue you and take your tunic,
let him have your cloak as well. (Matthew 538-40
NIV)
No policeman, no military, no self-defense, cant
protect yourself from intruder, no lawsuit
They Interpret this way
Higher morals under Jesus
Retaliation allowed in fact commanded
52
The Pharisee used an eye for an eye, and a tooth
for a tooth to justify personal vengeance
"You have heard that it was said, 'Eye for eye,
and tooth for tooth.' But I tell you, Do not
resist an evil person. If someone strikes you on
the right cheek, turn to him the other also. And
if someone wants to sue you and take your tunic,
let him have your cloak as well. (Matthew 538-40
NIV)
Was it right to take personal vengeance in the
O.T. but wrong today?
53
What did the New Testament teach in regard to
personal vengeance?
Do not take revenge, my friends, but leave room
for God's wrath, for it is written "It is mine
to avenge I will repay," says the Lord. On the
contrary "If your enemy is hungry, feed him if
he is thirsty, give him something to drink. In
doing this, you will heap burning coals on his
head." (Romans 1219-20 NIV)
Do not say, "I'll pay you back for this wrong!"
Wait for the LORD, and he will deliver you.
(Proverbs 2022 NIV) It is mine to avenge I
will repay. In due time their foot will slip
their day of disaster is near and their doom
rushes upon them." (Deuteronomy 3235 NIV)
54
What did the New Testament teach in regard to
personal vengeance?
Do not take revenge, my friends, but leave room
for God's wrath, for it is written "It is mine
to avenge I will repay," says the Lord. On the
contrary "If your enemy is hungry, feed him if
he is thirsty, give him something to drink. In
doing this, you will heap burning coals on his
head." (Romans 1219-20 NIV)
If your enemy is hungry, give him food to eat if
he is thirsty, give him water to drink. In doing
this, you will heap burning coals on his head,
and the LORD will reward you. (Proverbs 2521-22
NIV)
55
Eye for an Eye is found in a Judicial context
If a malicious witness takes the stand to accuse
a man of a crime, the two men involved in the
dispute must stand in the presence of the LORD
before the priests and the judges who are in
office at the time. The judges must make a
thorough investigation, and if the witness proves
to be a liar, giving false testimony against his
brother, then do to him as he intended to do to
his brother. You must purge the evil from among
you. The rest of the people will hear of this and
be afraid, and never again will such an evil
thing be done among you. Show no pity life for
life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for
hand, foot for foot. (Deuteronomy 1916-21 NIV)
56
Eye for an Eye is found in a Judicial context
If a malicious witness takes the stand to accuse
a man of a crime, the two men involved in the
dispute must stand in the presence of the LORD
before the priests and the judges who are in
office at the time. The judges must make a
thorough investigation, and if the witness proves
to be a liar, giving false testimony against his
brother, then do to him as he intended to do to
his brother. You must purge the evil from among
you. The rest of the people will hear of this and
be afraid, and never again will such an evil
thing be done among you. Show no pity life for
life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for
hand, foot for foot. (Deuteronomy 1916-21 NIV)
Actually a proverb that means let the punishment
fit the crime
57
Taking the words of Jesus literally and in
opposition to Moses has caused many to misapply
his teaching
"You have heard that it was said, 'Eye for eye,
and tooth for tooth.' But I tell you, Do not
resist an evil person. If someone strikes you on
the right cheek, turn to him the other also. And
if someone wants to sue you and take your tunic,
let him have your cloak as well. If someone
forces you to go one mile, go with him two miles.
Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn
away from the one who wants to borrow from you.
(Matthew 538-42 NIV)
Cant be a policeman or soldier and resist evil
Cant resist an intruder
If a man sues for your car you must give him your
house also
58
Taking the words of Jesus literally and in
opposition to Moses has caused many to misapply
his teaching

• To let an alcoholic hit your car and then do
  nothing is to allow him to kill others
• To loan to EVERYONE who ask is SIN if he wont
  work (2 Thess 310)
• To give collateral for a loan for someone else is
  bad (Prov 1115 2226-27)

59
What does Jesus Teach in this passage?

• In agreement with the O.T. and in opposition to
  the Pharisees vengeance belongs to God
• Our rights to possessions, time, and money can be
  abandoned when we belong to God
• We are not to resist evil doers with measures
  that arise from an unloving, unforgiving,
  unrelenting, vindictive disposition
• Going the second mile and overcoming evil with
  good is a good way to make evil doers feel shame

60
For ExampleThey see Moses versus Jesus
"You have heard that it was said, 'Love your
neighbor and hate your enemy.' But I tell you
Love your enemies and pray for those who
persecute you, (Matthew 543-44 NIV)
Love neighbor and enemy
They Interpret this way
Higher morals under Jesus
Love your neighbor and hate your enemy
61
Further proof that Jesus was not quoting from the
Law
"You have heard that it was said, 'YOU SHALL LOVE
YOUR NEIGHBOR, and hate your enemy.' (Matthew
543 NASB)
NASV always capitalizes a quote from O.T.. Why
dont they capitalize and hate your enemy
Because you can't find it in the O.T.
62
Love for enemy is taught in the Old Testament
The alien living with you must be treated as one
of your native-born. Love him as yourself, for
you were aliens in Egypt. I am the LORD your God.
(Leviticus 1934 NIV)
"If you come across your enemy's ox or donkey
wandering off, be sure to take it back to him. If
you see the donkey of someone who hates you
fallen down under its load, do not leave it
there be sure you help him with it. (Exodus
234-5 NIV)
63
Love for enemy is taught in the Old Testament
Do not gloat when your enemy falls when he
stumbles, do not let your heart rejoice,
(Proverbs 2417 NIV)
If your enemy is hungry, give him food to eat if
he is thirsty, give him water to drink. In doing
this, you will heap burning coals on his head,
and the LORD will reward you. (Proverbs 2521-22
NIV)
64
Parallel Passage shows that turning the other
cheek is compatible with O.T. teaching
So in everything, do to others what you would
have them do to you, for this sums up the Law and
the Prophets. (Matthew 712 NIV)
Love your enemies, do good to those who hate
you, bless those who curse you, pray for those
who mistreat you. If someone strikes you on one
cheek, turn to him the other also. If someone
takes your cloak, do not stop him from taking
your tunic. Give to everyone who asks you, and if
anyone takes what belongs to you, do not demand
it back. Do to others as you would have them do
to you. (Lu 627-31)
Turning other cheek is summed up in law
65
For ExampleThey see Moses versus Jesus
"It has been said, 'Anyone who divorces his wife
must give her a certificate of divorce.' But I
tell you that anyone who divorces his wife,
except for marital unfaithfulness, causes her to
become an adulteress, and anyone who marries the
divorced woman commits adultery. (Matthew 531-32
NIV)
Can only divorce for one reason other reasons
are sinful
They Interpret this way
Higher morals under Jesus
Under Moses a man could legally divorce his wife
for any reason without sin
66
The Pharisee looked at this O.T. verse as Gods
license to divorce without sin
If a man marries a woman who becomes displeasing
to him because he finds something indecent about
her, and he writes her a certificate of divorce,
gives it to her and sends her from his house, and
if after she leaves his house she becomes the
wife of another man, and her second husband
dislikes her and writes her a certificate of
divorce, gives it to her and sends her from his
house, or if he dies, then her first husband, who
divorced her, is not allowed to marry her again
after she has been defiled. That would be
detestable in the eyes of the LORD. Do not bring
sin upon the land the LORD your God is giving you
as an inheritance. (Deuteronomy 241-4 NIV)
67
The Pharisee looked at this O.T. verse as Gods
license to divorce without sin
If a man marries a woman who becomes displeasing
to him because he finds something indecent about
her, and he writes her a certificate of divorce,
gives it to her and sends her from his house, and
if after she leaves his house she becomes the
wife of another man, and her second husband
dislikes her and writes her a certificate of
divorce, gives it to her and sends her from his
house, or if he dies, then her first husband, who
divorced her, is not allowed to marry her again
after she has been defiled. That would be
detestable in the eyes of the LORD. Do not bring
sin upon the land the LORD your God is giving you
as an inheritance. (Deuteronomy 241-4 NIV)
But this law is actually contingency legislation
like the next passage
68
Did God approve a man forcing a virgin to get a
wife?
If a man happens to meet a virgin who is not
pledged to be married and rapes her and they are
discovered, he shall pay the girl's father fifty
shekels of silver. He must marry the girl, for he
has violated her. He can never divorce her as
long as he lives. (Deuteronomy 2228-29 NIV)

"If men quarrel and one hits the other with a
stone or with his fist and he does not die but is
confined to bed, the one who struck the blow will
not be held responsible if the other gets up and
walks around outside with his staff however, he
must pay the injured man for the loss of his time
and see that he is completely healed. (Exodus
2118-19 NIV)
69
Moses or God did not approve of divorce for every
cause in he O.T.
Moses has to be harmonized with Malachi
"And this is another thing you do you cover the
altar of the LORD with tears, with weeping and
with groaning, because He no longer regards the
offering or accepts it with favor from your hand.
"Yet you say, 'For what reason?' Because the LORD
has been a witness between you and the wife of
your youth, against whom you have dealt
treacherously, though she is your companion and
your wife by covenant. "But not one has done so
who has a remnant of the Spirit. And what did
that one do while he was seeking a godly
offspring? Take heed then, to your spirit, and
let no one deal treacherously against the wife of
your youth. "For I hate divorce," says the LORD,
the God of Israel, "and him who covers his
garment with wrong," says the LORD of hosts. "So
take heed to your spirit, that you do not deal
treacherously." (Malachi 213-16)
70
Notice the discussion of Jesus with the Pharisees
about Divorce
Moses and Jesus harmonized
Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They
asked, "Is it lawful for a man to divorce his
wife for any and every reason?" "Haven't you
read," he replied, "that at the beginning the
Creator 'made them male and female,' and said,
'For this reason a man will leave his father and
mother and be united to his wife, and the two
will become one flesh'? So they are no longer
two, but one. Therefore what God has joined
together, let man not separate." "Why then," they
asked, "did Moses command that a man give his
wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?"
Jesus replied, "Moses permitted you to divorce
your wives because your hearts were hard. But it
was not this way from the beginning. (Matthew
193-8 NIV)
71
Is Deut 24 contradictory to Genesis 2

• Was Jesus going outside the law to give an answer
  when he quoted Genesis 2?

Tell me, you who want to be under the law, are
you not aware of what the law says? For it is
written that Abraham had two sons, one by the
slave woman and the other by the free woman.
(Galatians 421-22 NIV)
This story is found in Genesis 15 Genesis was
part of the LAW
72
Is Deut 24 contradictory to Genesis 2

• Was Jesus going outside the law to give an answer?

women should remain silent in the churches. They
are not allowed to speak, but must be in
submission, as the Law says. (1 Corinthians 1434
NIV)
Referring to Genesis 316 Genesis was part of
the law
73
Is Deut 24 contradictory to Genesis 2

• The Pharisees asked a question, Is it lawful for
  a man to divorce his wife for any cause
• Jesus went to their law Genesis 2 - to answer
  them
• They ask harmonize this with Moses command or
  permission in Deut. 24
• The HARMONY Gen 2 is Gods purpose for marriage
  from the beginning Deut 24 was contingency
  legislation written to hard hearts to people
  who already had sinful dispositions and attitudes

74
Is Deut 24 contradictory to Genesis 2
We know that the law is good if one uses it
properly. We also know that law is made not for
the righteous but for lawbreakers and rebels, the
ungodly and sinful, the unholy and irreligious
for those who kill their fathers or mothers, for
murderers, for adulterers and perverts, for slave
traders and liars and perjurers-- and for
whatever else is contrary to the sound doctrine
that conforms to the glorious gospel of the
blessed God, which he entrusted to me. (1 Timothy
18-11 NIV)
75
Is Deut 24 contradictory to Genesis 2

• Gods teaching on the ideal for marriage in
  Genesis 2 came before sin entered the world
• Before death entered the world and left people
  single
• Before fornication entered the world
• When hard hearts entered the world, Gods laws
  had to deal with things as they happened like
  rape (Deut 2228), fighting (Ex 2118-19), and
  hard hearted husbands (Deut 24). Therefore there
  was a need for contingency laws to deal with what
  to do AFTER SIN has already happened.

76
Contingency Legislation was often designed to
provide a healing end to a situation brought on
by sin
If a man happens to meet a virgin who is not
pledged to be married and rapes her and they are
discovered, he shall pay the girl's father fifty
shekels of silver. He must marry the girl, for he
has violated her. He can never divorce her as
long as he lives. (Deuteronomy 2228-29 NIV)
"If men quarrel and one hits the other with a
stone or with his fist and he does not die but is
confined to bed, the one who struck the blow will
not be held responsible if the other gets up and
walks around outside with his staff however, he
must pay the injured man for the loss of his time
and see that he is completely healed. (Exodus
2118-19 NIV)
77
Contingency Legislation was often designed to
provide a healing end to a situation brought on
by sin
If a man marries a woman who becomes displeasing
to him because he finds something indecent about
her, and he writes her a certificate of divorce,
gives it to her and sends her from his house, and
if after she leaves his house she becomes the
wife of another man, and her second husband
dislikes her and writes her a certificate of
divorce, gives it to her and sends her from his
house, or if he dies, then her first husband, who
divorced her, is not allowed to marry her again
after she has been defiled. That would be
detestable in the eyes of the LORD. Do not bring
sin upon the land the LORD your God is giving you
as an inheritance. (Deuteronomy 241-4 NIV)
78
Contingency Law

• Did not show approval for the actual thing done
  (If a man )
• Offers some penalty or result for the action
• Provided some healing for the one wronged
• The virgin that was raped could have a husband
• The beaten man could be paid for lost wages
• The divorced woman was to have a divorce document
  given to her protecting her from death if she
  joined herself to another man

79
Was the divorce document permitted or
commanded
"What did Moses command you?" he replied. They
said, "Moses permitted a man to write a
certificate of divorce and send her away." "It
was because your hearts were hard that Moses
wrote you this law (command, NASV)," Jesus
replied. (Mark 103-5 NIV)
"Why then," they asked, "did Moses command that a
man give his wife a certificate of divorce and
send her away?" Jesus replied, "Moses permitted
you to divorce your wives because your hearts
were hard. But it was not this way from the
beginning. (Matthew 197-8 NIV)
80
See King James Version of Deut 241-4
When a man hath taken a wife, and married her,
and it come to pass that she find no favour in
his eyes, because he hath found some uncleanness
in her then let him write her a bill of
divorcement, and give it in her hand, and send
her out of his house. And when she is departed
out of his house, she may go and be another man's
wife. And if the latter husband hate her, and
write her a bill of divorcement, and giveth it in
her hand, and sendeth her out of his house or if
the latter husband die, which took her to be his
wife Her former husband, which sent her away,
may not take her again to be his wife, after that
she is defiled for that is abomination before
the LORD and thou shalt not cause the land to
sin, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an
inheritance. (Deuteronomy 241-4 KJV)
81
See King James Version of Deut 241-4
When a man hath taken a wife, and married her,
and it come to pass that she find no favour in
his eyes, because he hath found some uncleanness
in her then let him write her a bill of
divorcement, and give it in her hand, and send
her out of his house. And when she is departed
out of his house, she may go and be another man's
wife. And if the latter husband hate her, and
write her a bill of divorcement, and giveth it in
her hand, and sendeth her out of his house or if
the latter husband die, which took her to be his
wife (then) Her former husband, which sent her
away, may not take her again to be his wife,
after that she is defiled for that is
abomination before the LORD and thou shalt not
cause the land to sin, which the LORD thy God
giveth thee for an inheritance. (Deuteronomy
241-4 KJV)
82
Did Moses command the bill of divorcement

• Before the law of Moses or civil law a man who
  found fault with his wife would simply send her
  away, or kick her out of the house.
• Out of sexual desire or economic distress she
  would seek another man
• This relationship might lead to her death
• The bill of divorcement was commanded to make
  sure that did not happen it was often the man
  who sent her away who was at fault not her

83
Did Moses command the bill of divorcement

• Before the law of Moses or civil law a man who
  found fault with his wife would simply send her
  away, or kick her out of the house.
• Out of sexual desire or economic distress she
  would seek another man
• This relationship might lead to her death
• The bill of divorcement was commanded to make
  sure that did not happen it was often the man
  who sent her away who was at fault not her

Moses did command to the one sinning by sending
away to give her a certificate of divorce
Moses did not command the sending away it was
a sin
84
Did Moses command the bill of divorcement

• Before the law of Moses or civil law a man who
  found fault with his wife would simply send her
  away, or kick her out of the house.
• Out of sexual desire or economic distress she
  would seek another man
• This relationship might lead to her death
• The bill of divorcement was commanded to make
  sure that did not happen it was often the man
  who sent her away who was at fault not her

Moses or God did not approve either action only
regulated them
The one who was going to send away should include
the divorce document
The one who forced the virgin was to marry her
85
The Pharisees

• Saw Deut 241-4 as permission TO SEND AWAY A WIFE
  WITHOUT ANY SIN
• They would condemn a woman caught in the very act
  but saw nothing wrong with sending away one
  wife in order to marry another.
• They thought Deut 24 gave them legal and moral
  permission to do so
• Jesus made it plain they were mistaken they
  were committing adultery

86
How could the words of Jesus be harmonized with
Moses
But I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife,
except for marital unfaithfulness, causes her to
become an adulteress, and anyone who marries the
divorced woman commits adultery. (Matthew 532
NIV)

• Was there divorce for fornication or for marital
  unfaithfulness in the O.T.?
• Werent all adulterers put to death?
• Required 2-3 witnesses to put anyone to death
• Not often true either then or now
• Joseph was going to put away Mary privately
  knowing she had been unfaithful he was not
  seeking death penalty

87
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