?????(dose%20calibrator)%20?????? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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?????(dose%20calibrator)%20??????

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Title: (dose calibrator) Author: user Last modified by: Goo Created Date: 6/3/2004 12:49:01 AM Document presentation format – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: ?????(dose%20calibrator)%20??????


1
?????(dose calibrator)??????
  • ???
  • ????? ???????????

2
? ?
  • ????????
  • ???????
  • ?????
  • ????????????
  • ???????????

3
1.????????
  • ??
  • ????????(???)
  • ??
  • ????

4
??????
??
???
????
???
?? ?? X??
?(?????) ?(???) ??(????? ??) ??(??)
?? ??
?? ??
?? ?? ?? ??
5
????????
  • ????
  • ?????

Ee h?-Eb
h?
h?
?
h?
e-
Ee-h?-h?
6
  • ??????

Ee-
h?
Ee
0.511 MeV
0.511 MeV
h?2m0c2 Ee- Ee?1.02 MeV
7
2. ????????
8
?????
  • ????????????10-20 eV
  • ??1????????30-35 eV
  • Why??
  • ???????????
  • ??????
  • ??

9
??????
  • ??(diffusion)
  • ???????
  • ????(charge particle transfer)
  • ???????????,????
  • ???????????????
  • ???quench
  • ??????????????????
  • ???(recombination)
  • ?????????????

10
????????
  • ????
  • ????????
  • ????
  • ????
  • ??????
  • ??????
  • ????
  • ???????
  • 4?????

???????????
11
3. ?????(?????)
  • ?????????
  • ???
  • Air
  • ???
  • N2 or Ar(????1???)
  • ???????
  • ????(Closed-end)
  • ????

12
????
????
13
???
???

???
????
????
14
?????????
  • ??????????????????????
  • ???????????????
  • ??????????
  • ?????
  • ?????
  • ????
  • ????? ? ???????? ? ????
  • IC?A , C calibration figure (pA/MBq)

15
???????????
  • ????????????
  • ??????
  • ???????????????
  • ????????
  • ?????????????????
  • ?????
  • ??

16
?????????
????????????
17
????????
??????????
???????????,??????????,????????????????,57Co?123I?
125I?133Xe?133Ba?169Yb?201Tl ?
18
?????????
  • ??????????????,
  • ?? 1 gmL-1?
  • ??57Co ( 120 keV ??)???????1.25
    gmL-1,????????????1.5 ?
  • 125I( 30 keV ??)???????1.25
    gmL-1,????????????60 ?

19
?????????
  • ????
  • ???????????
  • ?? lt 5
  • ?????????????
  • ????????????
  • ????????????????
  • ??????????????
  • ???????

20
??????????
  • Precision
  • ??????????
  • Accuracy
  • ??????????
  • Linearity
  • ????????????????(?????)
  • Geometry
  • ?????????????????????
  • Reproducibility
  • ??????????
  • Background
  • ?????????????????

21
Accuracy and precision test
  • ???????????????,
  • ????????? ? 5 ?
  • ?? ???? ????
  • Co-57 122 keV 185 MBq(5 mCi)
  • Ba-133 356 keV 9.3 MBq(250 ?Ci)
  • Cs-137 662 keV 7.4 MBq(200 ?Ci)
  • Co-60 1250 keV 1.9 MBq(50 ?Ci)
  • ????2??????50 ?Ci?????1???????????????(NRC??)

22
  • ??
  • ?????????????????????
  • ????????10?(NRC??3?)
  • ??
  • Precision
  • Accuracy

23
???Co-57??10 MBq,?? Precision?
Accuracy??
  • ????9.87,9.96,10.03
  • ?????(9.879.9610.03)/39.95
  • ??Precision (9.87-9.95)/9.950.8
  • (9.96-9.95)/9.950.1
  • (10.03-9.95)/9.950.8
  • ??Accuracy (9.95-10.00)/10.000.5

24
Linearity test
  • ?????
  • ??????????(Tc-99m, ?4 GBq)??????,???????????????,?
    ????????????
  • ????????????,?????????????

25
???500 mCi Tc-99m ???????? Tc-99m ?
Tl-201 ?????
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
Geometry
  • ?NRC Regulatory Guide 10.8 Appendix
    C??????(installation)????,????????(?????????)?

0.5 mL
???0.5 mL?
0.5 mL
A1
A2
?
29
???Tc-99m????5 mL,???15 MBq,?5 mL?
???0.5 mL,????????,??????
  • A115.00 MBq, A213.3 MBq,(A1-A2)1.70 MBq

30
Reproducibility(constancy)
  • ?????????????????????????? ???Ra-226??(??????10
    µCi),Cs-137(100 µCi) ??????????????(??????50 µCi)
    ?
  • ????????,??????,???????????????,????10????,???????
    ??????(AR)?
  • ????????????????,????????
  • ???????,??????,??????(Ai)

31
????100 µCi ?Cs-137??Reproducibility
?????
32
Background
  • ?????????????????
  • ?????????????????
  • ???????????

33
??????????? US NRC 10 CFR 35.50 (1-1-94 Edition)
  • ?????,??????????????????
  • ???Ra-226??(??????10 µCi),
  • ?????????????(??????50 µCi) ?
  • ???????,?????????
  • ?????????????????????
  • ??Ra-226??,??????10 µCi), ??????????50
    µCi,??????????????????100 keV ? 500 keV ???
  • ???????,?????????
  • ?????Dose Caibrator????????????30µCi???
  • ??????????????????????
  • ?????????,?????????,?????????????
  • ?????????????????10 ,?????????????
  • ??????????????????10 ,????????

34
US NRC 10 CFR Part 35
  • US NRC 10 CFR Part 35????????????????

10 CFR Part 35.60 (2003) 10 CFR Part 35.50 (1994)
??????????,????????? ??????????????????
?????????(ANSI 42.13)????????????? ???????????????????????????????????
35
IAEA -TEDOC-602??
36
????????
  • ????,????????????????????????????(Background
    suppress)????
  • ??????????????(ddaily, wweekly, yyearly,
    qquarterly)

??? (Check source need) ??? (standard source need) ??? ?????
ANSI ? Model 34-056 d y q
ATOMLAB d ?????
Curiementor 2 d (1 isotope) w (all isotope) y/2(???????????) y/2
MARK V d y
CRC-15?-7?-12?-120 d q d y y
37
????
  • ????????
  • ???????????
  • ????
  • ????????
  • ???????????
  • ?????????????????
  • ??????????????????
  • ????????????????
  • ??????????
  • ?????????
  • ???????????????(??)??
  • ?????????
  • ?????????????????????

38
??????????
39
(No Transcript)
40
(No Transcript)
41
(No Transcript)
42
(No Transcript)
43
???????????
????
??? n
q2
???
q1
q6
q5
q4
q3
  • ?????A(q1q2q3q4q5q6)/P,
  • P???????????

44
  • ????????(surface emission rate of a source)
  • q2?q2q3q4q5
  • ?????(source efficiency)
  • Es q2?/(q1q2q3q4q5q6)
  • ????(instrument efficiency)
  • ?in/(q2q3q4q5),
  • (?????????????????)
  • ????(response of the instrument)
  • Rin/((q1q2q3q4q5q6)Es?Ei

45
  • ?????????
  • ????????????????
  • ??????????????
  • ????????????
  • ????(n)
  • ??????
  • Ein/(S?W)
  • S?????????????(?/cm2)
  • Stotal/Area
  • W???????(cm2)

???
5-10 mm
????
46
????????? ????
????
2p?????
47
  • ??????
  • REi?Es
  • ?????Es??????????????????? Esq2?/(A?P)
  • ?????Es?
  • E?max ? 0.4 MeV Es0.5
  • 0.15 MeV lt E?max lt 0.4 MeV Es0.25
  • Alpha
    Es0.25

48
????????
49
(20.5?1.25)
(9.1?0.56)
50
???? (1)???????????????,??????,???????????,?
?????????,???????,???????????? (2)??????????
AsN/(RWd),N????????? (3)????Ei (n-nB)/(SWd),
W??????? (4)????E??????ISO 7503-1??,???R Ei
Es? ????Es ???????/???? ?????????? ,
??? ISO7503-1 ????Es0.25(a,0.15
MeVltßlt0.4 MeV)?Es0.5(ßgt0.4 MeV) (5)?????90Sr/90Y
S/N Z-255 ????????(????NRSL-93037),????
?241Am S/N Z-256 ????????(????NRSL-93032),
???????? ???? 6.1 (k2,k?????),???95
????? (6)?????????????????? (7)WITH PROBE NE
GP13A S/N 345?
51
????????
??? (??Wd)
  • ??????????
  • An/(R?Wd),REi?Es
  • ???????
  • ATWs?n/(R?Wd)
  • ???????
  • AT n/R
  • ??????????
  • AAT/Ws

5-10 mm
???? (??Ws)
??? (??Wd)
5-10 mm
???? (??Ws)
52
Web site of NRSL http//nrsl.iner.gov.tw/
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