GIS in Environmental and Water Resources Engineering

1
GIS in Environmental and Water Resources
Engineering

• Research Progress Report
• Oct 30, 1998

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Research Areas

• Texas data and water modeling Hudgens, Mason,
  Davis Jonsdottir, Gu, Niazi
• Environmental Risk Assessment Hay-Wilson,
  Romanek, Kim
• Global runoff Asante, Lear

• Nonpoint source pollution Melancon, Osborne
• Flood hydrology and hydraulics Ahrens, Bigelow,
  Perales, Tate
• Internet Wei

3
Research Areas

• Texas data and water modeling Hudgens, Mason,
  Davis Jonsdottir, Gu, Niazi
• Environmental Risk Assessment Hay-Wilson,
  Romanek, Kim
• Global runoff Asante, Lear

• Nonpoint source pollution Melancon, Osborne
• Flood hydrology and hydraulics Ahrens, Bigelow,
  Perales, Tate
• Internet Wei

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Brad Hudgens

• Geospatial Data Development for Water
  Availability Modeling

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GIS WAM
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Digital Raster Graphic Basemap
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Network Checking
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David Mason

• Geospatial Data Development for Water
  Availability Modeling

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Stream Network Construction
Download and Project rf3 File
Edit rf3 to Obtain Clean Network
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Create Outlet Points
Using the basin water right coverage as a guide,
outlet points were created along the stream
network in order to form control points for the
eventual watershed delineation
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Trinity River TMDL

• Subtask on Network AnalystKim Davis

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For Starters...
This is the Guadalupe River Basin, after using
CRWR-Prepro on it and vectorizing the stream
links.
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It was a good test case because...

• Density--I wanted a small data set to learn with
• NO GAPS--Network Analyst doesnt handle gaps or
  lakes well.
• Availability--I had already done the Prepro work
  for class...

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Add some Points of Interest
These are evaporation stations from a coverage of
Texas. In a real analysis, these might be water
rights, point sources, stream gages, etc...
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Use Network Analyst
This shows the results of route planning from a
point to the outlet.
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Cool Stuff

• Network analyst can be made to look only
  downstream
• Network analyst can be made to look only upstream
• Network analyst can look both ways
• It can show you hydrologic connectivity
• It doesnt require that input data be digitized
• It handles points not EXACTLY on the network

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Caveats

• Network is very sensitive to digitizing errors
• Wont show you WHERE connectivity is broken
• Files must be prepared properly (From Nodes and
  To Nodes)
• Aimed at transportation, not rivers

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Jona Finndis Jonsdottir

• Geospatial Data for Total Maximum Daily Loads

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Trinity Basin
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RF3 River Network
Rf3 file, where lakes and double lines have been
taken out
Original RF3 file
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Original Rf3 file
Simplified version of Rf3, with centerlines
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Richard Gu

• GIS Connections for Hydrologic Modeling

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GIS Application to TxRR Ungaged Inflow and
Instream Habitat Modeling

• CRWR, the University of Texas at Austin
• Texas Water Development Board

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TxRR Model
Precipitation P
Initial Abstraction
Direct runoff QD
Soil Retention S
Stream Flow
Maximum Soil Moisture SMMAX
Base Flow QB
Soil Moisture SM
Percolation
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Tasks

• Preprocessing Tools for TxRR
• TxRR Model Execution
• Postprocessing Tools for TxRR

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Software Environment for TxRR Model Execution
Source Data
Database
Input Data
Output data
GIS
TxRR Program
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Database

• Database construction is the essential part of
  the project.
• All the data will be stored and used efficiently.
• Data linking
• GIS, Database, and TxRR model are constructed
  independently
• Data required for each procedure are retrieved
  from Database on demand
• Output data are written back to database .
• Software Microsoft Access.

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Arcview GIS

• Preprocessing tools.
• Output results display.

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Programming Languages

• Fortran TxRR Model Calculation.
• Visual Basic database interfaces.
• Avenue GIS tools developing and function
  invoking.

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Implementation Issues

• Speed Avenue or Basic
• Data interactions between programs
• Software integration

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Surface/Subsurface Modeling

• Progress Report by
• Shiva Niazi
• Ann Dennis
• October 30, 1998

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Overview

• Background work conducted by HDR Engineering and
  LBG Guyton Assoc.
• Carrizo- Wilcox Aquifer Model Domain
• Conceptualizing the Subsurface/Surface Model
• Future Work

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Difficulties in modeling the MODFLOW data

• MODFLOW model domain is not in real map
  coordinates
• Size of grid cells vary
• Direction of rows and columns are not
  standardized to North/South and East/West

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Model Domain
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Future Work

• Locate the MODFLOW model domain on a map
• Extract model domain by using county, river
  reach, HUC and aquifer maps
• Investigate the capabilities of Argus One and GMS
  to manipulate MODFLOW data files

36
Research Areas

• Texas data and water modeling Hudgens, Mason,
  Davis Jonsdottir, Gu, Niazi
• Environmental Risk Assessment Hay-Wilson,
  Romanek, Kim
• Global runoff Asante, Lear

• Nonpoint source pollution Melancon, Osborne
• Flood hydrology and hydraulics Ahrens, Bigelow,
  Perales, Tate
• Internet Wei

37
Lesley Hay Wilson

• Spatial Environmental Risk Assessment

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Current Research Status

• Drafting dissertation proposal
• Objective is to develop the spatial risk
  assessment methodology
• Spatial Risk Assessment (SRA) is the process of
  identifying and quantifying the potential for
  adverse effects to human or ecological receptors
  from chemicals or radioactive materials released
  to the natural environment within a
  spatially-referenced, integrated modeling
  environment

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Necessary Elements of the SRA Methodology

• Spatial Site Conceptual Model
• Connections to implement map-based modeling of
  fate transport
• Meta data protocols for environmental
  measurements and derived results
• Managing time-dependent data sets
• Visualization of uncertainty
• Communication tools

40
Other Activities

• Completed workshop for PaDEP and EPA on the first
  CD (team)
• Presented two papers at the ASCE Geo Institute
  meeting, co-authored third paper
• Working on poster for ESP meeting next week
  (team)
• Completing paper for the 1999 CSIRO Remediation
  Conference (team)

41
Andrew Romanek

• Surface Representation of the Marcus Hook Refinery

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Current Activities

• Team Efforts
• PADEP Workshop on ArcView and Access
• ESP Poster
• 1st year progress CD
• Groundwater Model with GMS
• Seminar next Wednesday

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Groundwater Results

• Lube Plant Area
• Steady State
• 3 layer simplification
• Where from here???

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Spatial Analysis of Sources and Source Areas on
Marcus Hook

• Progress report by Julie Kim
• Friday, October 30, 1998

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Objective

• To find a correlation between where chemicals
  were stored and where they were detected within
  the Lube Plant

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Getting Started Data Acquired

• Sept. 11, 1998 Former Marcus Hook Refinery
  progress documentation CD-Rom
• Toscos Environmental baseline assessment of
  areas of concern (AOC)
• Summary of chemicals of concern (COC) issues
  compiled on Sept. 28, 1998
• Appendix of data quality classification system

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Current Work

• Compile map of coverages using CD-Rom tank, old
  RCRA units, and historical
• Identify each unit or AOC and look up basis of
  concern in Tosco database
• Determine materials and volumes stored, time
  period of operation, and releases
• Determine quality of data

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Future Work

• Develop contour maps of COC with associated data
  quality levels
• Determine correlation for the entire facility

50
Research Areas

• Texas data and water modeling Hudgens, Mason,
  Davis Jonsdottir, Gu, Niazi
• Environmental Risk Assessment Hay-Wilson,
  Romanek, Kim
• Global runoff Asante, Lear

• Nonpoint source pollution Melancon, Osborne
• Flood hydrology and hydraulics Ahrens, Bigelow,
  Perales, Tate
• Internet Wei

51
Kwabena Asante

• Continental Scale Runoff Routing

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Routing GCM Runoff

• Global Daily Precipitation Simulated
• Simulation on 128x64 (2.8o) mesh
• Runoff generated by soil water balance
• Runoff Routed to Continental margin
• 10 years of daily runoff routed

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Major Basins of North America
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Major Basins of Africa
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Mary Lear

• Grid Cell Translation from High to Low Resolution

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Project Description

• Create an algorithm in Arc Macro Language (AML)
• Apply the algorithm to a sample area - Niger
  River Basin
• Examine the accuracy of output
• Apply the algorithm globally

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Learning in Progress

• Understanding existing resampling AML programs
• Converting from grid to polygon coverage?
• Having fun learning AML

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Low resolution mesh onFine Grid
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Research Areas

• Texas data and water modeling Hudgens, Mason,
  Davis Jonsdottir, Gu, Niazi
• Environmental Risk Assessment Hay-Wilson,
  Romanek, Kim
• Global runoff Asante, Lear

• Nonpoint source pollution Melancon, Osborne
• Flood hydrology and hydraulics Ahrens, Bigelow,
  Perales, Tate
• Internet Wei

64
Patrice Melancon

• Pollutant Loading Model for Tillamook Bay

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Update on Patrices Work

• Have written about 25 pages mostly database
  development and hydrology part.
• Assumptions made about BMP effectiveness and
  current level of implementation (based on 1991
  Rural Clean Water Progress Report).
• Using Summarize by Zones, backed out to EMC for
  CAFO land use to match ES averages for 5 basins
  - see next slides for data
• Calculated bay volumes and detention times for
  low, average, and high tides - see last slide for
  data.
• Doing literature search to support EMC values.
• Outline of report being written to help focus
  writing effort.

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BMP Effects - CAFOs
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Miami River Data - Analysis using Summarize by
Zones

• Runoff Conc values linked to spreadsheet on
  previous slide. Model runoff conc for CAFOs
  changed to get reasonable results for predicted
  concentration for each of 5 watersheds.
• Kilchis, Tillamook, and Trask are somewhat
  overestimated. Wilson is somewhat
  underestimated.

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Tide Volumes and Detention Times
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Katherine Osborne

• Water Quality Master Planning for Austin

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Watersheds delineated using 3 DEMs
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outline of watersheds from the City of Austin
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7.5 DEM sheet labels
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7.5 DEMs imported using ArcView
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Next Steps

• Import DEMs using ArcInfo
• Add USGS Gauge points
• Obtain stream file from City of Austin
• Delineate watersheds
• Submit these watersheds to COA
• Read Urban Model material
• Attend GIS class in CRP

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Research Areas

• Texas data and water modeling Hudgens, Mason,
  Davis Jonsdottir, Gu, Niazi
• Environmental Risk Assessment Hay-Wilson,
  Romanek, Kim
• Global runoff Asante, Lear

• Nonpoint source pollution Melancon, Osborne
• Flood hydrology and hydraulics Ahrens, Bigelow,
  Perales, Tate
• Internet Wei

76
Seth Ahrens

• Flood Forecasting in Houston

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Final Version of Model
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Comparison of Gauge Areas (km2)
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Moving GridParm into an ArcView Environment
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Goals by Next Meeting

• Finish GridParm conversion.
• Finish preparing all supporting data sets for the
  final report
• Have most if not all of report finished.

81
Ben Bigelow

• Midwest Flood Frequency Analysis

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Research Update

• Writing Methodology Chapter for Report
• Arranged travel to St. Louis for USACE meeting
• HEC interested in research groups DEM display
  ideas/capabilities
• any POWERPOINT presentations?
• Waiting on Rating curves for water surface profile

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Design Discharge Profile, Mississippi River
Iowa-Cedar
Rock
Contribution of Des Moines River Alone 128,000
cfs Tributary 49,000 cfs
Des Moines
1-day, 100-yr peak flow
Des Moines
Mean Daily Discharge (cfs)
Distance (miles)
University of Texas at Austin
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Jerry Perales

• Soil Moisture Modeling in HEC-HMS

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Objective

• The objective of my research is to use spatial
  data to develop soil moisture accounting schemes
  for the Tenkiller Watershed using ArcView and a
  prototype model in Visual Basic called the Soil
  Water Balance Modeling System (SWBMS) developed
  by Sean Reed.

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Required Data

• Existing STATSGO and SSURGO soil databases for
  the Tenkiller Watershed
• A Nexrad cell mesh for the Tenkiller Watershed

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Analysis

• ArcView will be used to preprocess soil and land
  cover data with scripts created by Sean Reed.
  This preprocessed data will then be used as input
  data for SWBMS. The results of the water balance
  will then be compared to results which are
  produced by HEC-HMS. This comparison will help
  determine what modifications to the model are
  needed, if any.

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Eric Tate

• Mapping Flood Water Surface Elevation

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Terrain Modeling

• Map cross-sections
• Create cross-section bounding polygon
• Convert DEM to points
• Intersect DEM points with bounding polygon
• Delete selected points
• Form a TIN cross-section points control the
  channel and floodplain, DEM points control
  elsewhere
• Problems ragged zone of transition,
  bridges/culverts

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Waller Creek at Town Lake
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Research Areas

• Texas data and water modeling Hudgens, Mason,
  Davis Jonsdottir, Gu, Niazi
• Environmental Risk Assessment Hay-Wilson,
  Romanek, Kim
• Global runoff Asante, Lear

• Nonpoint source pollution Melancon, Osborne
• Flood hydrology and hydraulics Ahrens, Bigelow,
  Perales, Tate
• Internet Wei

92
Kevin Wei

• Displaying Environmental Maps on the Internet

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Pantex Benzene monitoring data served by MO
ArcExplore.
Kevin.wei
Query Builder
Download
Here, you access data from the Web. Or you can
open ArcExplore, a free download software, to do
the some job.
I suggest dont use Identify tool to query red
one, because there are many data on the same
location. Using Query builder is more efficient.
if you like, you can query blue one which only
contains geographic information to know which
well is in where.
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Query Builder
1. Want to know the Benzene monitoring result of
well OW-WR-19.
2. Condition 1 and concentration higher than
0.005 and need all information.
3. Handle the query result. Two ways (1) save
as text file (2) directly drag into Word or
Excel.
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Data Statistics
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Data Download
Specified when serving data
You get a new shape file. If you are
only interested in part of area, you can zoom in
to there and download part of database.
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Research Review

• Next Research Progress Report
• Friday Nov13, 1998, 2PM, ECJ 9.236