A Simpler Parsing Algorithm for Relative Clauses in Vietnamese

1
A Simpler Parsing Algorithm for Relative Clauses
in Vietnamese

• Tanmoy Bhattacharya Nguyen Chi Duy Khuong
• tanmoy1_at_gmail.com
  khuongvn2000_at_yahoo.com
• Department of Linguistics
• University of Delhi

2
The Problem

• Implementable formalisms (e.g. HPSG) have two
  problems with adjuncts
• identifying the adjunct (Recognition)
• determining the place the adjunct belongs
  (Addressing Technique)
• The paper highlights these problems and suggests
  a solution to get around it using RC theories of
  Principles Parameters framework

3
Classic HPSG The duality of representation

• Problem in general whether the adjunct is a
  functor or an argument
• Proliferation features to produce a syntactic
  parse
• Head-Complement idea is conducive to HPSG as it
  is easier to see complements as semantic
  arguments of their heads.
• Broader range of categories modified
• Number of adjuncts is not pre-fixed
• Pollard and Sag (1987) adjunct-main clause
  dependency determined by rules of grammar

4
Problem with the Classic HPSG

• The solution rests on hierarchy of types/
  subtypes (head-structure and head-adjunct-structur
  e respectively)
• Phrase
• qo
• CLAUSALITY HEADEDNESS
• qo qo
• Clause non-clause hd-ph non-hd-ph
• tu
• .. rel-cl hd-adj-ph

5
HPSG schemata for solution that I like

• PHON solution that I like
• HEAD 1
• SYN LOC SUBCAT 2
• LEX _
• PHON solution
• MAJ N
• HEAD-DTR HEAD 1 NFORM NORM
• ADJUNCTS lt..3..gt
• DTRS SYNLOC
• SUBCAT 2 ?DET?
• LEX _
• PHON that I like
• ADJ-DTR SYN 3 RELCLAUSE

6
Revised HPSG

• S
• MOD N
• qo
• NP VP
• MOD N
• wi
• NP V
• MOD N
• John-I chayk-ul neh-un
• -nom book-acc put-rel
• The book that John put
• Sag (1995)

7
Highest V in RC need not show RC morphology

• Watashi ga inu ga taberu ring-o
  miru
• I NOM dog NOM eats apple-ACC see
• I see the apple which the dog eats.
• IP
• 3
• watashi ga I
• 3
• VP I
• 3
• NP V
• 3 miru
• CP NP
• 6
• inuga taberu ringo
• Similarly with Vietnamese

8
Sag (1995) Solution

• BIND 0
• word ? ARG-ST ?SLASH 1 , , SLASH n ?
• SLASH ( 1 ? ? 2 ) __ 0
• who (relative)
• CAT NP
• CONT INDEX 3
• REL 3
• QUE

9
Semantics of the Gap

• I eat the apples which the men bought.

BUY
AGENT THEME Literal (MAN, PLURAL, DEFINITE)
AGENT THEME relativewh
tense PAST
negative FALSE
question FALSE
voice ACTIVE
10
Linking the two clauses

AGENT PATIENT conversant (SING, SPEAKER, -LISTENER, HUMAN_MASC)
AGENT PATIENT relative (APPLE, PL, DEF, subclause0)
tense PRESENT
negative FALSE
question FALSE
voice ACTIVE