Barnardos Domestic Violence Risk Assessment Model.

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Barnardos Domestic Violence Risk Assessment
Model.

• Presenter
• Vivienne Springer - Barnardos LEaSE
• E-Mail Vivienne.springer_at_barnardos.org.uk
• Tel [phone]

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• Purpose of the Project
• To roll out across London (initially) this model
  monitor and evaluate its effectiveness in the
  practice
• of Safeguarding children.

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Purpose of the presentation

• To introduce the Domestic Violence Risk
  Assessment Model.

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Anticipated Outcomes

• Too have introduced all to the DV Risk
  Identification Matrix which is the key risk
  assessment tool contained in the new LSCB
  Procedures Safeguarding Children Abused through
  Domestic Violence and
• Gentle comparison of this tool to your current
  DV risk assessment tool.

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A Working Definition of Domestic Violence

• Domestic violence is defined by the Home Office
  as
• Any incident of threatening behaviour, violence
  or abuse (psychological, physical, sexual,
  financial or emotional) between adults who are or
  have been intimate partners or family members,
  regardless of gender or sexuality.
• The main characteristic of domestic violence is
  that the behaviour is intentional and is
  calculated to exercise power and control within a
  relationship.
• Domestic violence occurs across society
  regardless of age, gender, race, sexuality,
  wealth and geography.  

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Putting in Context Key Influencing Documents

• Every Child Matters (2004)
• Every Child Matters HM Government Information
  Sharing Guidance (October 2008)
• Government Guidance Safeguarding Children A
  summary of the joint Chief Inspectors Report on
  Arrangements to Safeguard Children (govt.2006a)
• Responding to Domestic Abuse A handbook for
  health Professionals (DOH 2005)
• London Safeguarding Board Procedures
  Safeguarding Children Abused through Domestic
  Abuse

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Key facts about domestic violence(See
appendix 3 in LSCB Procedures)
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Some facts

• 2 women are murdered every week at the hands of
  their partner
• It is estimated that 1 in 4 women experience DV
  during their lifetime
• Up to 75 cases subject of a Child Protection
  Plan involved DV
• Women are at greatest risk of being killed at the
  point of separation. 76 of DV homicide occurs
  after separation
• 30 of DV begins or escalates during pregnancy
  and
• Women in BMER communities are more vulnerable.

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LESSONS FROM SERIOUS CASE REVIEWS IN LONDON

• DV contributory factor in 56 cases reviewed
• Services frequently failed children and their
  mothers
• Failure to share information
• Lack of holistic approach
• Over optimism, and an absence of clear risk
  focus and
• Lack of clear framework for inter-agency working
  in area of DV.

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Domestic Violence and Children

• The issue of children living with domestic
  violence is now recognised as a matter for
  concern in its own right by both government and
  key childrens services agencies.
• The link between child physical abuse and
  domestic violence is high, with estimates ranging
  between 30 to 66 depending upon the study. In
  2002, nearly three quarters of children subject
  of a child protection plan) lived in households
  where domestic violence occurs.
• All the five key outcomes for children identified
  in Every Child Matters can be adversely affected
  for a child living with domestic violence and
  abuse the impact on every aspect of a childs
  life. The impact of domestic violence and abuse
  on an individual child will vary according to the
  childs resilience and the strengths and
  weaknesses of their particular circumstances.
• Safeguarding Children Abused through Domestic
  Violence
• www.londonscb.gov.uk March 2008

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Every Child Matters Framework for Assessment
Domestic Abuse impacts on at least 80 of
factors in assessing childs developmental needs,
parenting capacity and family and environmental
factors
Basic care
Health
Ensuring Safety
Education
Emotional Behavioural needs
Emotional Warmth
The Child Safeguarding and Promoting
Their Welfare
Identity
Childs Developmental Needs
Parenting Capacity
Stimulation
Family Social Relationships
Social Presentation
Guidance Boundaries
Stability
Self Care Skills
Family Environmental Factors
Community Resources
Familys Social Integration
Income
Wider Family
Family History Functioning
Employment
Housing
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BMER groups

• 65 of children subject to serious case reviews
  were from a Minority Ethnic community
• (Safeguarding Children Review of London case
  reviews 2007)
• 60.6 of domestic violence homicides during
  2005-2006 were BMER women.
• Of the 33 homicides 27 were female and out of
  these 20 were from BMER communities.
• (Metropolitan Police , Operation Umbra)
• Average age of Victim of forced marriages is
  between 16-20 yrs. 30 of their cases are minors
  some as young as 10 yrs old.
• (Forced Marriage Unit June 2007)

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What are the barriers for BMER victims? These
barriers can increase victim vulnerability and
can be risk factors

• Uncertain immigration status
• No recourse to public funds
• Language/literacy barriers
• Lack of information regarding rights
• Housing issues
• Community/faith honour
• Cultural issues (ie. FGM, Forced Marriages)
  Social Exclusion and
• Racism
• Pathway to Justice Rights of Women 2007

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Problems and Pitfalls in Child Protection. How
can we assess the risk to children from Domestic
Violence?

• Key change in the Childrens Act (1989) (2004)
  and the Adoption and Childrens Act (2002)
  amended to extend the definition of harm to
  include
• impairment suffered from seeing or hearing the
  ill
• treatment of another particularly in the
  home, even though they themselves have not been
  directly assaulted or abused.
• Domestic abuse directly invokes child protection
  concerns Section 47 (applying to children who
  may be at risk of significant harm) and section
  17 (applying to children who may be in need under
  part lll of Childrens Act (1989) (2004)

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Problems and Pitfalls in Child Protection. How
can we assess the risk to children from Domestic
Violence ?

• Pitfall failing to see domestic abuse as a
  process we still tend to respond at an incident
  level and we see it as an adult problem so we
  lose focus on its impact on child
• Research suggests that women usually experience
  an average of 35
• incidents before reporting it to the police.
  Yearnshire (1997)
• Problem not clearly connecting domestic abuse
  with concerns regarding abusive
  father/father-figure, parenting capacity/role
  modelling and impact on mothers parenting
  capacity.

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Problems and Pitfalls in Child Protection. How
can we assess the risk to children from Domestic
Violence?

• Pitfall not making strong enough connections
  between domestic abuse with other interacting
  risk factors substance misuse mental health of
  parents and child direct physical, emotional and
  sexual abuse of child family and environmental
  factors i.e. neglect, limited parenting capacity
  disruptive childhood experiences of parents
• Problem have difficulties with interagency
  information sharing regarding domestic abuse

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Problems and Pitfalls in Child Protection. How
can we assess the risk to children from Domestic
Abuse?

• Pitfall professionals acceptance of abusers
  and victims minimising of abuse risks
  families who are difficult to engage/initiate
  change leads to Worker Paralysis increased
  risk child
• Pitfall not having a clear enough' threshold
  levels of intervention for child who lives with
  domestic abuse who is child in need requiring
  CAF

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Domestic Violence Risk Assessment Model (DVRAM)
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Background of the model

• The Domestic Violence Risk Assessment Model
  (DVRAM) was developed by Barnardos Northern
  Ireland and originated from Ontario, Canada.
• This model has been adapted and developed by
  Maddie Bell and Joan McGovern from Barnardos
  Northern Ireland.
• Implemented with Social Care Trusts in Northern
  Ireland over a 5 year period-2003- 2008

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Background of the model cont

• Model has been piloted with 3 London Boroughs
  2007-2008 and model is now a key component
  within London Safeguarding procedure
  Safeguarding Children Abused through Domestic
  Violence.
• A growing number of Boroughs are now requesting
  information about implementing the model
• The Matrix has been designed to work in
  conjunction with CAF, SPECSS, MARAC and MASRAM

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The Models Aim

• Aim
• To help children and young people stay safe and
  healthy and to increase the competence of social
  care professionals and multi-agency staff when
  dealing with domestic violence through training
  and mentoring.

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Models Objectives

• Objectives are
• To assist staff to identify risks to children
  from domestic violence
• To assist staff in decisions whether a case
  presents as in need of a safeguarding response or
  family support
• To help staff to make appropriate intervention
  for children, non-abusing parent and perpetrators
• To provide a specific domestic violence risk
  assessment format within initial and core
  assessments.

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Model cont

• The model includes a system of threshold scales
  of risk factors, protective factors and potential
  vulnerabilities to enable the analysis of risks
  to children from domestic violence.
• The model promotes safeguarding of children who
  experience domestic violence and is ideally
  implemented from a multi-agency perspective.

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PRINCIPLES OF THE MODEL

• Protecting children is the first priority
• Protecting the non-abusing parent, usually the
  mother which helps protect the child
• Providing supportive resources
• Perpetrators are responsible for their abusive
  behaviour and
• Respecting the non-abusing parents right to
  direct their life without placing children at
  increase risk of further abuse.

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Tools

• Multi-agency risk identification matrix
• Domestic Violence Initial assessment
• Domestic Violence Core assessment for social
  work staff
• Safety planning interventions with women and
  children/young people.

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INTERACTING RISK FACTORS AND DOMESTIC ABUSE

• Substance misuse
• Mental health of abuser/victim
• Neglect-parenting capacity
• Families who are difficult to engage
  (avoidance/resistant, disengage, frequent moves)
• Personnel vulnerabilities of parents
  abusive/disruptive childhood/young parents
• Family lifestyle/community issues and
• Stresses within family-low income, financial
  problems, bereavement, illness, disability.

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Interacting risk factors

• Importance of understanding parental psychology
• Importance of historical context and a dynamic,
  analytical assessment (not incident driven) and
• Consider dynamics of engagement with
  professionals (resistance, uncooperative).

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Using the Domestic Violence Risk
Identification Matrix
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• Barnardos Multi-agency Domestic Violence Risk
  Identification Matrix in the LSCG Procedures
• A multi-agency assessment framework which
  assesses the level of risk to a child/young
  person who is experiencing domestic violence in
  their family using a four levels threshold scale
  matrix (section 9.2)
• It also assesses the level of risk to the
  mother-incorporating adult focussed risk factors
  from SPECSS and MARAC (section 9)
• It identifies the nature and level of the
  perpetrator's violence and abuse (supports
  Section 9-1-4)
• It indicates the level of intervention required
  to support and safeguard children and in doing so
  also can be use to protect mother ( section 9.2)
• It begins to examine the impact of the domestic
  violence on the child and mother ( section 8 and
  9)

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Safeguarding Children Abused through Domestic
Violence- LSCB Procedures

• Section 9- Assessment and Intervention
• 9-1-Information gathering and disclosure
• 9-1-4 Professional becomes aware of DV in
  family-gain more information
• Section 9.2 Assessing the risk of harm to a child
• Section 9.3 Factors which increased
  vulnerability/risk and appropriate interventions

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Safeguarding Children Abused through Domestic
Violence-LSCB Procedures

• Section 9-4
• Thresholds, Interventions and CAF
• Four threshold scales which
• indicate the degree of
• seriousness for the child/ren, by a cluster of
  incidents/
• circumstances.

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Multi-Agency Risk Identification Threshold Scales

• Threshold 1- Risk as moderate Children and
  families with additional needs Completion of a
  CAF single practitioner offering targeted
  support
• Threshold 2 Risk as Moderate to serious
  child/ren and families with additional needs
  Completion of a CAF Lead Practitioner
  integrated support.
• Threshold 3 Serious Child/ren and family in
  need Section 17 Initial assessment and family
  support
• Threshold 4 Severe Child/ren in need of
  safeguarding Section 47 enquiry Core
  assessment
• Factors are grouped into three categories
• Evidence of domestic abuse
• Risk Factors/Potential vulnerabilities
• Protective factors

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Assessing the risk of harm to a child

• Based on the information indicating that
  domestic violence is taking place within a
  family. The professional/worker should look
  across the whole matrix and tick the
  description/s of the incidents / circumstances
  which correspond best to the information
  available at the time. This is likely to mean
  Ticking several descriptions.
• The scale headings at the top of each
  section indicate the degree of seriousness of
  each cluster of incidents / circumstances (e.g.
  scale 1 moderate risk of harm).
• (Section 9.2.3)
• Each scale has categories to assist
  professionals to think through whether the
  information is about the
• Evidence of domestic violence
• Characteristics of the child or situation which
  are additional risk factors /potential
  vulnerabilities and
• Characteristics of the child or situation which
  are protective factors.

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London Safeguarding procedures for Risk
Identification Matrix

• Each threshold scale has categories to assist the
  professional to think
• through the information they have
• Evidence of domestic violence- this is the most
  significant determinate of the scales attention
  to severity, frequency, pattern and duration of
  domestic violent incident.
• Characteristics of the child or situation which
  are additional risk factors/potential
  vulnerabilities these are factors that may
  increase the risk to children.
• Characteristics of the child or situation which
  are protective factors. Professionals should keep
  in mind that protective factors may help to
  mitigate risk factors and potential
  vulnerabilities.
• .

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Factors that increase vulnerability/ level of
risk to child

• Duration of the domestic violence incident
• Severity of the domestic violence and abuse
• Age of children and age range of children within
  the family Children Under 12 months including an
  unborn child-even if the child was not present,
  any single incident of DV will fall within scale
  4-Section 47 Enquiry-Referral to LA childrens
  social care
• Children or a mother with special needs-( mother
  may be a vulnerable adult-consult POVA)
• Interlinking risk factors/cluster effect
  substance misuse, mental health issues,
  neglect/parenting issues, age and age disparities
  of mother/father/father figure
• Vulnerable history of both women and abuser
• Child/ren or mothers from a BMER community
• Child/ren being physically and sexually abused
  and
• Child/ren may be perpetrating abuse towards other
  family members.

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• Establish whether there are any children in the
  household and how many. Make an assessment of
  their needs.
• Pay attention to age range of children in the
  family children under 7 increases risk as they
  have limited self protection strategies. High
  percentage of children under 5 are emotionally
  abused and physically harmed when domestic abuse
  occurs serious case reviews research
• (Barnardos domestic abuse risk assessment
• M. Bell and J. McGovern 2003)

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WHY?

• Young children have none or extremely limited
  self-protection strategies and they seek out
  mothers comfort when anxious/upset - they are
  often caught up or come down into the DV
  incident.
• Older children can develop short-term coping
  strategies that may keep them safe in the short
  term but all children suffer from potential or
  actual emotional abuse.
• All children who experience DV in their families
  are exposed to hostile/tense family environments,
  AND they can directly witness, intervene or be
  directly physically abused or sexually abused
• Child who summons help are at increased risk as
  they may be punished by abuser for calling in
  professional help

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MPS Six High Risk Factors SPECSS (adult focussed
risk assessment)

• Separation (child contact) - If I cant have
  her, then no-one can Women are particularly at
  risk within the first two months of leaving and
  incidents can happen as a result of issues around
  child contact or disputes over custody (URHC,
  2001)
• Pregnancy/new birth- 30 of domestic violence
  starts or intensifies in pregnancy. Domestic
  violence is associated with increases in rates of
  miscarriage, low birth weight, premature birth,
  foetal injury and foetal death (Mezey, 1997).
• Escalation the attacks becoming worse and
  happening more often - Previous domestic violence
  is the most effective indicator that further
  domestic violence will occur. Thirsty-five per
  cent of households have a second incident within
  five weeks of the first (Walby Myhill, 2000),
  and the severity of violence tends to escalate
  after each incident.

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SPECSS cont.

• Cultural awareness / isolation Issues which can
  compound a mothers difficulties include cultural
  factors such as bringing shame upon family when
  reporting incidents, terminating relationships or
  not consenting to marriage difficulty speaking /
  reading English insecure immigration status
  difficulty or reluctance in accessing services
  (inc. alternative accommodation) and social
  isolation resulting from same sex relationships,
  disability, mental health or substance abuse and
  not working outside the home.
• Stalking - Stalking commonly occurs after the
  relationship, although it can occur before the
  relationship ends (McFarlane, Campbell, Wilt,
  Sachs, Ulrich Xu, 1999). Stalkers are more
  likely to be violent if they have had an intimate
  relationship with the woman.
• Sexual assault - Women who are sexually assaulted
  are subjected to more serious injury. One in
  twelve of all reported domestic sexual offenders
  were considered to be very high risk and
  potentially dangerous offenders (URHC 2002).
• "Understanding and Responding to Hate Crime"
  (URHC)

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Identification Matrix complementary to good
practice in Safeguarding Children

• The Matrix identifies the risks to mothers and
  their children and enhances the use of SPECSS,
  MARAC and MASRAM processes.
• The Matrix supports the process of completing
  Harrows DV risk form, and Safety Planning and
• The Matrix supports Harrows Domestic Violence
  model of Intervention.

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Risk Matrix-Indications for level of Agency
Intervention

• Section 9-4-1
• Scale 1 moderate risk of harm to child/ren
  identified- complete CAF
• on each child in household -targeted support from
  a single agency.
• If the mother does not consent to the completion
  of a CAF - this raises
• the threshold to next level-consult with
  safeguarding children's adviser
• and consider discussing the situation with LA
  social care.
• CAF planning must include safety planning for
  the child/ren and mother- section 14. Safety
  planning.
• Referr the abuser to an accredited perpetrator
  programme.
• Follow up-CAF plans

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Risk Matrix-Indications for level of Agency
Intervention

• Scale 2 moderate to serious risk of harm to
  child/ren identified-
• Family support interventions co-ordinated by a
  lead professional and integrated support from
  lead agency -domestic violence agency
• If the mother does not consent to the completion
  of CAF this raises the threshold-make
  notification or referral to social care.
• CAF planning must include safety planning for the
  child/ren and mother section 14. Safety planning
• Referr the abuser to accredited perpetrator
  programme
• Follow up CAF plans.

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Risk Matrix-Indications for level of Agency
Intervention

• Scale 3 assesses the domestic violence as
  serious- referral into Social Care under Section
  17 as protective factors are limited, child/ren
  may be suffering significant harm and may
  require a section 47 intervention.
• LA social care initiate safety planning for the
  child/ren and mother.
• Consider referring the family to the MARAC
  process (appendix 6). If not referred to MARAC-LA
  social care should follow-up to ensure the abuser
  is engaged with services.

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Risk Matrix-Indications for level of Agency
Intervention

• Scale 4 initiate child protection
  procedures-severe risk of harm to the child/ren
  identified Increased concern for child/ren well-
  being due to contributory risk factors,
  protection factors are extremely limited
  threshold of significant harm is reached
  Referr to social care section 47- in line with
  section 6-Referral and Assessment in the London
  Child Protection Procedures
• Refer to MARAC
• Safety planning with child/ren and mother

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Responding to Domestic Violence where there are
no children in the household

• Established if woman is a vulnerable adult refer
  to POVA procedures
• Use risk identification matrix to assess the
  level of risk of harm to woman
• Refer the woman to local DV agency if risk of
  harm is at threshold 3 consider making a referral
  into the MARAC process and threshold 4 make
  referral to MARAC

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Decision making in Case Planning Safeguarding
Family Support

• Risk identification threshold scales provide a
  consistent framework to identify and direct an
  assessment of childs needs and and rate the
  level of risk posed to that child. They also
  identify risk level to the childs mother.
• Risk identification threshold scales enabled
  consistent decisions on case clarification CAF-
  targeted support/single practitioner or Lead
  agency or Referral to Children Services section
  47 or section 17.
• Increased awareness of risks to children and
  their mothers and informed decision making.

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BARNARDOS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Risk Assessment
Model

• OUTCOMES
• Increased staff awareness and understanding of
  the dynamics of DV and the risks it poses for
  children, young people and victims
• An improvement in Social workers ability to
  respond more effectively to domestic violence and
  assess risks to children and young people
• Increased safety measures for children and young
  people in families where domestic violence occurs
• Non-abusing parent will be more aware of the
  risks posed by domestic violence which can enable
  the non-abusing parent to keep themselves and
  their children safer.
• More accurate risk assessments within core and
  initial assessment processes
• More children will be identified requiring
  support.
• Children/ YP and the non-abusive parent will
  learn skills to keep themselves safe
• Parallel domestic violence risk assessment
  process alongside adult risk assessment model
  matches up with MAR,C SPECSS and CAADA
  assessment.

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BARNARDOS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Risk Assessment
Model

• Benefits for agency and staff
• More comprehensive assessment of families
• Provides a consistent framework to assessing
  level of risk
• Increase safeguarding of children with greater
  informed decision making.
• Greater focus on the needs of children and
  victims
• Offers holistic support to families
• Greater support to staff dealing with domestic
  violence cases
• It enhances the assessment process within CAF as
  a specific risk assessment tool.
• It supports the Governments objective within
  Every Child Matters
• Maintains the focus of domestic violence as a
  main concern within the assessment framework
  without marginalising any other significant
  concern

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High risk factors and domestic violence within
the Matrix are built on

• References /Influential Research Practice
  Consultancy
• Victim Focussed Risk Factors
• Guidance on Investigating Domestic Violence 2005
  produced on behalf of the Association of Chief
  Police Officers by the National Centre for Police
  Excellence
• MPS Metropolitan Police Service Risk Assessment
  Model for Domestic Violence
• These factors are based on research and analysis
  conducted by the Understanding and Responding to
  Hate Crime Team, 2001 and on SARA (Spousal
  Assault Risk Assessment) developed by R.Kropp
• SARA (Spousal Assault Risk Assessment ) developed
  by R.Kropp
• Cardiff police Domestic Abuse Report Womans
  Initial Risk Assessment-MARAC
• SPECSS, CUSSCAAM and CAADA
• MARAC - Multi-Agency Risk Assessment Conference
• CAADA - Co-ordinated Action Against Domestic
  Abuse
• SPECSS - MPS Risk Assessment Model for Domestic
  Violence Cases

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References /Influential Research Practice
Consultancy

• Child Focussed Risk Factors
• Evidence based practice NI and London (
  Barnet)-
• application of risk assessment threshold scales
  to over 150 social
• work cases.
• Serious Case Review Research UK June 2007-M.
  Brandon and London Serious Case Reviews 2007
• M. Calder. Consultancy on domestic violence risk
  factors within ethnic minority groups
• C. Bell. Towards an empirical basis for Domestic
  Violence Risk Assessment. In Assessment in
  Kinship Care, by Talbot, C Calder, M (2006)
• CAF common assessment framework

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Lifelong Learning UK

• The Further Education and Teachers
  Qualifications
• (England) Regulations 2007. These regulations
  require all
• new teachers appointed from 1 September 2007 to
  hold
• or acquire within a specified period of time
• A Preparing to Teach in the Lifelong Learning
  Sector (PTLLS) award (or its equivalent), which
  is a minimum threshold licence to teach for all
  who have an element of teaching in their role,
  irrespective of job title.

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Barnardos Domestic Violence Risk Assessment
Model - Accredited Trainer for Trainers
Programme-

• An accredited programme for those responsible for
  the provision of the DVRAM training.
• This programme has been developed to meet the
  needs of both full-time trainers and/or
  experienced practitioners for whom training is an
  integral part of their role.

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Course aim

• To enable workers who are involved in
  Safeguarding children who are abused through
  Domestic Violence training to develop skills and
  knowledge in order to identify, plan, deliver and
  evaluate training.

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Course structure

• Training for trainers consists of a taught
  programme with a follow-up day and an assessment
  process route (see below). Alternatively,
  candidates who do not require accreditation and
  license may apply to attend the taught programme
  only.
• The length of the course is 10 days.

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Assessment process

• Candidates for the 7303 Level 3 Preparing to
  Teach in the Lifelong Learning Sector
  Barnardos DVRAM will be required to demonstrate
  their training competence against a number of
  standards covering all aspects of the training
  and the DVRAM .  Candidates are required to
  prepare and submit a personal portfolio, which
  will include the assessors report on their
  observed delivery of training.
• Dates - March 2009
• Cost - TBC

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DVRAM Core Assessment Tool for social care staff
undertaking section 17 and section 47 Enquires
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Importing the Northern Ireland DVRAM Core
Assessment model
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Core Assessment Tool within Integrated
Childrens System

• Section 17 Initial assessment will include
  domestic abuse triggers under family
  environmental factors-threshold level 3
• Use of Case planning or Strategy Meeting to
  manage level of risk and decision to implement
  core assessment domestic violence nine areas
  assessment tool- Threshold level 3 cases where
  direct phyiscal abuse of children is suspected
  but not confirmed
• Section 47 Abuse of child confirmed core
  assessment domestic violence nine areas
  assessment tool implemented-Threshold level 4

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Domestic Violence Core Assessment Nine
assessment areas

• Assess the nature of the violence
• Assess risks to the children posed by the
  perpetrator
• Assess the risk of life-threatening abuse
• Assess the perpetrators pattern of assault and
  coercive behaviours.
• Assess the impact of the violence on the children
  
• Assess the impact of the abuse on the woman
• Assess the impact of the abuse on parenting roles
• Assess protective factors
• Assess the outcome of the womans past help
  seeking

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Safety Interventions with Women and
Children/Young People A Parallel Process
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Safety Planning- steps with woman

• 1. Personnel safety when he is threatening or
  being violent.
• 2. Personnel safety when preparing to leave.
• 3. Personnel safety when you are no longer living
  with with your abusive partner.
• 4. Personnel safety and your emotional health.

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Safety Steps

• 5. Personnel safety when you are working/in
  public.
• 6. Personnel safety when you are using
  alcohol/drugs.
• 7. Personnel safety with orders of protection.
• 8. Personnel safety and my children.

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Safety Planning with Children 5yrs to 12 yrs
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Childrens Safety Steps

• Sometimes things are OK in my family but
  sometimes my parents fight and my dad hurts my
  mum.

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Childrens Safety Steps

• 2. I can keep myself safe when dad hurts mum
  by staying in my bedroom

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Childrens Safety Steps

• Keeping myself safe
• by staying out of dad and mums fights

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An a assessment tool

• Which can support families who experience
  domestic violence
• mothers are made aware of the risks the abuse is
  posing for her and her children
• safety planning takes place with the mother and
  her children in a parallel process during the
  section 17 section 47 enquiry
• during these processes social workers are skilled
  up so they  can easily undertake safety planning
  with child when they talk to the child during the
  section 17 47 enquiry
• for multi-agency  staff it will support women
  and their children because staff being more aware
  of the risks domestic violence pose for children
  and women and enable more effective decision
  making , co-ordinated and  supportive
  interventions.