WORKSHOP ON GENDER BUDGETING For State Governments 23rd December 2005

1
AMENDMENT TO IMMORAL TRAFFIC (PREVENTION) ACT,
1956 MINISTRY OF WOMEN AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT
2

• BACKGROUND
• National Law School University of India,
  Bangalore was assigned to review ITPA, 1956
• Proposal submitted by National Law School was
  examined by National Commission for Women
• Recommendations of National Commission for Women
  was considered by Central Advisory Committee on
  Combating Child Prostitution

3
Major Amendments Proposed
4

• Amendments to get ITPA in line with CRC UN
  Optional Protocol on Trafficking
• Age of child raised from sixteen years to
  eighteen year
• Definition of Trafficking in Persons for
  Commercial Sexual Exploitations included as per
  UN Protocol
• In-Camera proceedings in court cases to safeguard
  privacy of victims

5

• Amendments for enhancing punishments for
  Traffickers, Brothel Keepers and Clients
• Imprisonment for a period of not less than 7
  years and life imprisonment for second or
  subsequent conviction for trafficker
• Minimum punishment increased for managing brothel
  from one years imprisonment to two years
  imprisonment.
• Maximum fine increased from Rs. two thousand to
  Rs. Ten thousand for first conviction and Rs. two
  lakhs for second or subsequent convictions.

6

• Punishment including imprisonment and fine for
  clients visiting brothel.
• Confiscation of property of persons involved in
  trafficking in persons.
• Fine of Rs. one lakh for detaining any person in
  a premises where prostitution is carried on.

7

• Deletion of Section 8 20
• Sec 8 which punishes victims for soliciting and
  Section 20 which removes prostitutes from any
  place are to be deleted.
• It is found that more cases under these sections
  are booked against victims which revictimises
  them, and allows traffickers, clients etc. to go
  scot free.

8

• Setting up of Anti-Trafficking Nodal Authority
• Central Anti-Trafficking Nodal Authority, on the
  line of Narcotics Control Bureau at Centre, to be
  set up.
• State Authorities in States to be set up.

9
Points for action

• Sensitization of police and other agencies
• Recruiting women police for trafficking, mahila
  desks
• State agencies to undertake special drives in
  vulnerable areas
• Improve performance of booking and convicting
  traffickers
• US Report on trafficking has placed India on
  Watch List , Tier 2 embarrassment for the country

10
Points for discussion

• US Report has acknowledged efforts of MWCD in
  prevention and protection
• Need to fix targets for rescue and actual rescue
• Networking and sharing of information between
  sates which have vulnerable organ, transit and
  destination points
• Data base to be developed
• Problems in repatriating to neighbor countries

11

• BALIKA SAMRIDHI YOJANA
• Launched in1997 with the objective of rising the
  overall status of the girl child
• Aimed at bringing about a positive change in the
  family and community attitude towards girl child
• Scheme revised in 1999
• Covers up to two girl children born on or after
  15th August 1997
• Entitled to post-delivery grant of Rs. 500/-
  deposited in an interest bearing bank account and
  a scholarship ranging from Rs 300 to 1000 for
  each class of study successfully completed

12

• CURRENT STATUS
• No funds have been released in the last two years
  as a large amount of funds were lying unutilised
  with the States.
• An evaluation study on the implementation of BSY
  has been entrusted to NIPCCD in eight major
  states.
• A proposal to transfer the scheme to states is
  also under consideration in National Development
  Council.

13
Prevention of female foeticide

• Alarming decline in female sex ratio from
  967(1961) to 927 in 2001 (0-6 years)
• affected States include Punjab, Haryana,etc
• Misuse of PNDT Act and fetal sex determination
• If trend continues women will become endangered
  species societal imbalances leading to polyandry
  etc

14
Steps to counter female feticide

• Effective implementation of PNDT Act
• Notification of appropriate authorities in for
  taking action against culprits
• Wide spread awareness programmes on importance
  and value of girl child
• Cradle baby scheme
• financial support to girl child like insurance
  scheme

15
GENDER BUDGETING
16
Objectives

• De-mystifying Gender Budgeting-Familiarization
  with the Concept and Approach
• Introducing Tools of Gender Budgeting
• Reviewing latest developments
• Evolving consensus on approach at Centre State
  Level
• Formulating Strategy and Capacity Building

17
Gender Budgeting

• Concept
• Rationale
• Medium for socio-economic development
• Medium for introducing economic efficiency
• In action-Field level reports on Gender Budgeting
  initiatives
• Tools of Gender Budgeting

18
Gender Budgeting- a definition

• Gender budget initiatives analyse how
  governments raise and spend public money, with
  the aim of securing gender equality in
  decision-making about public resource allocation
  and gender equality in the distribution of the
  impact of government budgets, both in their
  benefits and in their burdens. The impact of
  government budgets on the most disadvantaged
  groups of women is a focus of special attention.
  

19
Thus Gender Budgeting is

• An exercise to translate stated gender
  commitments of the Government into budgetary
  commitments.
• Strategy for ensuring Gender Sensitive Resource
  Allocation and a tool for engendering macro
  economic policy
• Entails affirmative action for empowering women
• Covers assessment of gender differential impact
  of Government Budgets and policies (Revenue and
  Expenditure).
• Enables Tracking and Allocating resources for
  women empowerment
• Opportunity to determine real value of resources
  allocated to women

20
Gender commitments in the Indian context

• Constitutional Provisions
• Legal Framework
• Women Specific Laws
• Laws affecting Women
• Policies- National Policy for Empowerment of
  Women
• Womens Component Plan
• Public Expenditure Programmes

21
Commitment in Budget 2005-06

• Departments in Union Government to
• Undertake review of Public Expenditure profile
• Conduct beneficiary incidence analysis
• Recommend specific changes in operational
  guidelines of schemes
• from a gender perspective

22
Union Budget 2006-07 takes Gender Budgeting
forward

• Allocation of Rs. 28,737 cr. for benefit of
  women
• Monetary incentive to encourage education of the
  girl child
• 24 Demand for grants in 18 Ministries and
  Departments
• Gender Auditing to be made mandatory from next
  year onwards

23
The Approach of MWCD to Gender Budgeting

• Not an accounting exercise
• An ongoing process to keep gender perspective in
  policy/ program formulation, implementation and
  review
• Extend gender based review at all levels of
  governance- Centre, State, District , town and
  village
• Public Sector Units and Autonomous Bodies and
  other beneficiaries of public expenditure are
  included.
• To Mainstream Gender Concerns

24
Holistic approach to Empowerment
Water San.
Health Nut.
Political Participation
Education
Asset base
Skills
Marketing
Technology
Credit
25
Mission Statement-Budgeting for Gender Equity

• Strategic Framework of Activities
• Quantification of allocation of resources for
  women
• Gender Audit of policies of the Government
• Impact assessment of various schemes in the Union
  and State budgets

26

• Analysis of schemes and policy initiatives and
  link them with impact on status of women related
  Macro Indicators
• Institutionalizing the generation and collection
  of gender dis-aggregated data
• Consultations and Capacity building
• Promotion of gender equity in participation of
  decision making
• Satellite Accounts

27
Approach and Dimensions of Strategy

• Empowerment has to be
• Holistic (Political, Social and Economic)
• Universal (equal opportunity and level playing
  field)
• Participative and Inclusive

28
Why Gender Mainstreaming ?

• Bulk of public expenditure and policy concerns in
  gender neutral sectors
• Women are bound to be impacted- gender
  differentials have to be recognized
• Efficiency lies in empowering women-the success
  of Karnataka

29
Gender Mainstreaming its impact on
socio-economic development

• Concept of gender mainstreaming
• Rationale of gender mainstreaming
• Sectoral issues in agriculture, industry,
  commerce, transport, power, finance, etc.
• Sectoral issues in social sectors like health,
  education, rural development, etc.
• Incorporation of gender concerns in major schemes
  of Government

30
Gender Mainstreaming covers

• Policies
• Programmes
• Budgetary allocations and Expenditure
• Outcomes and Benefit incidence

• Gender Audit

Gender Mainstreaming targets larger percentage of
budget and has a wider domain
31
Action Areas

• Women availing services of public utilities like
  road transport, power, water and sanitation,
  telecommunication etc.
• Training of women as highly skilled workers- top
  end skills
• Research/Technology for women
• Women in the work force
• Asset ownership by women
• Women as Entrepreneurs

32
Action Areas cont.

• Implementation of Laws like
• Equal remuneration
• Minimum Wages
• Factories Act
• Infrastructure for women like
• Water and sanitation at workplace
• Creches
• Working Women Hostels
• Transport services
• Security

33
Gender Budgeting- an Action Plan
34
Tools of Gender Budgeting

• Distinction between Budgeting and Budget
• Process and Results
• Tools for the Process
• Guidelines for Gender sensitive Review of Public
  Expenditure and Policy
• Preparation of Gender based profile of public
  expenditure
• Beneficiary Needs Assessment
• Impact Analysis of public expenditure and
  policies-
• policy programme design
• change in quantum of allocation
• implementation guidelines
• Beneficiary Incidence Analysis
• Participative Budgeting

35
Gender Based Profile of Public Expenditure-
Situational Analysis/Benchmark Enhancement in
Allocation to meet Targeted outcomes for
women Monitoring Releases and Utilization of
Funds and achievement of Physical Targets and
outcomes Re-prioritization in Allocations based
on inputs from Micro level Gender Budgeting
Macro level Gender Budgeting
Complete Budget
Sectors
Sectors
36
Micro-level Planning
Spatial Mapping of Infrastructure (Water
Sanitation, Electricity, Roads) Employment
Opportunities
Assessing gaps and identifying resources
required
Synergy in allocation of resources across
levels of governance, programmes and
Departments
Universal Coverage and Access
37
Impact Assessment of Schemes/Programme/ Delivery
of Services Beneficiary Needs assessment at
field level Change in programme
design/allocation/implementation Convergence of
services
Micro Level
Take in to account regional imbalances/
geographical constraints
38
Gender Analysis of State Budgets

• Research Study Decadal trend

39
Preliminary Findings

• Higher percentage share of states in expenditure
  on women
• Expenditure on Health is largest component
• Broad trend reflects increase in expenditure
• Wide annual fluctuations in many states
• Some states reflect relatively less expenditure
  compared with population of women

40
(No Transcript)
41
Activities of the Ministry

• Tools of Gender Budgeting
• Dissemination of Concepts, Approach and Tools
  through Workshops
• At the Centre
• At State level
• Setting up of Gender Budget cells- new areas like
  Telecom, Power, Petroleum, Heavy Industries
• Planning for Capacity Building in partnership
  with DOPT , LBSNAA, ASCI and other apex training
  institutes
• Consultations with Stakeholders

42

• Pursuit of Gender Concerns with various
  Ministries
• Kerosene Subsidy
• Interest Subsidy (Small savings schemes)
• Health Insurance for women and children
• Women and Girls in Sports
• Engendering planning process and outcome budgets
• Carbon Emission Credits to fund alternative
  sources of energy for women

43
Activity Map for 2006-07

• Follow up on action taken on priority sectors for
  women identified in State level Workshops
• Capacity Building in Administrative Cadres
• Coordinating with and support to Gender Budget
  cells in Ministries

44
Thank you
45

• 42 laws specifically related to women
• Protection of women from Domestic Violence was
  notified on 16.9.2005
• Prevention of Sexual Harrassment at Workplace
  will be introduced in the Parliament
• Amendment of Commission of Sati Prevention
  Act,1987 involvement of PRIs is under active
  consideration by MWCD

46

• Amendments to Immoral Traffic Prevention Act is
  being presented in the ensuing session of
  Parliament
• Amendments to Prevention of Child Marriage Bill,
  2004 been put up for approval of Cabinet
• Compulsory Registration of Marriages Bill sent
  to Legislative Department

47

• Thank You