Title: Symmetries of the Early Universe and the Origin of Matter:
1Symmetries of the Early Universe and the Origin
of Matter
M.J. Ramsey-Musolf Caltech Wisconsin-Madison
2Fundamental Symmetries Cosmic History
- What were the fundamental symmetries that
governed the microphysics of the early
universe?
The (broken) symmetries of the Standard Model of
particle physics work remarkably well at late
times, but they leave many unsolved puzzles
pertaining to the early universe
- Can new symmetries at the weak scale account
for the origin of matter and how can we find
out?
A combination of precise low-energy measurements,
high energy collider experiments, dark matter
searches, and theoretical advances will help us
determine if new symmetries at the electroweak
scale can account for the abundance of matter
3Outline
- Motivation Why New Symmetries ? Why Low
Energy Probes ? - Brief Interlude Supersymmetry
- Symmetries and the Origin of Matter
- General Considerations
- Theoretical challenges and developments
- Phenomenology in the LHC era and beyond
4Motivation
Why New Symmetries ? Why Low Energy Probes
?
5Fundamental Symmetries Cosmic History
6Fundamental Symmetries Cosmic History
7Fundamental Symmetries Cosmic History
8Fundamental Symmetries Cosmic History
Puzzles the Standard Model cant solve
- Origin of matter
- Unification gravity
- Weak scale stability
- Neutrinos
What are the symmetries (forces) of the early
universe beyond those of the SM?
9Fundamental Symmetries Cosmic History
Baryogenesis When? CPV? SUSY? Neutrinos?
WIMPy D.M. Related to baryogenesis?
New gravity? Lorentz violation? Grav baryogen ?
?
10Fundamental Symmetries Cosmic History
11Fundamental Symmetries Cosmic History
12Fundamental Symmetries Cosmic History
13There must have been additional symmetries in the
earlier Universe to
- Unify all matter, space, time
- Stabilize the weak scale
- Produce all the matter that exists
- Account for neutrino properties
- Give self-consistent quantum gravity
14What are the new fundamental symmetries?
Two frontiers in the search
Collider experiments (pp, ee-, etc) at higher
energies (E gtgt MZ)
Indirect searches at lower energies (E lt MZ) but
high precision
Particle, nuclear atomic physics
High energy physics
15Precision Probes of New Symmetries
New Symmetries
- Origin of Matter
- Unification gravity
- Weak scale stability
- Neutrinos
16Comparing loop effects in different processes can
probe particle spectrum
J. Ellison, UCI
17Precision, low energy measurements can probe for
new symmetries in the desert
18II. Brief Interlude Supersymmetry
19SUSY a candidate symmetry of the early Universe
- Unify all forces
- Protect GF from shrinking
- Produce all the matter that exists
3 of 4 Yes Maybe so
Maybe Probably necessary
- Account for neutrino properties
- Give self-consistent quantum gravity
20SUSY a candidate symmetry of the early Universe
21SUSY and R Parity
Consequences
22SUSY must be a broken symmetry
23III. Symmetries the Origin of Matter
- Baryogenesis General Considerations
- Theoretical challenges and developments
- Phenomenology in the LHC era and beyond
24What is the origin of baryonic matter ?
25Ingredients for Baryogenesis
26Ingredients for Baryogenesis
Sakharov Criteria
- B violation
- C CP violation
- Nonequilibrium dynamics
Sakharov, 1967
27EW Baryogenesis Standard Model
Anomalous Processes
Different vacua D(BL) DNCS
Sphaleron Transitions
28EW Baryogenesis Standard Model
29Baryogenesis New Electroweak Physics
90s Cohen, Kaplan, Nelson
Joyce, Prokopec, Turok
Unbroken phase
CP Violation
30EDM Probes of New CP Violation
31Present n-EDM limit
Proposed n-EDM limit
Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry in the Universe
?
M. Pendlebury B. Filippone
Riotto Carena et al. Lee, Cirigliano, R-M,
Tulin
n-EDM has killed more theories than any other
single experiment
32Baryogenesis New Electroweak Physics
90s Cohen, Kaplan, Nelson
Joyce, Prokopec, Turok
Unbroken phase
CP Violation
Theoretical Issues Strength of phase
transition (Higgs sector) Bubble dynamics
(expansion rate) Transport at phase boundary
(non-eq QFT) EDMs many-body physics QCD
33Electroweak Phase Transition Higgs
LEP EWWG
34Electroweak Phase Transition Higgs
LEP EWWG
35Electroweak Phase Transition Higgs
LEP EWWG
36Baryogenesis New Electroweak Physics
90s Cohen, Kaplan, Nelson
Joyce, Prokopec, Turok
Unbroken phase
CP Violation
Theoretical Issues Strength of phase
transition (Higgs sector) Bubble dynamics
(expansion rate) Transport at phase boundary
(non-eq QFT) EDMs many-body physics QCD
37Quantum Transport Baryogenesis
Non-equilibrium quantum transport
RHIC
Violent departure from equilibrium
Electroweak Baryogenesis
Gentle departure from equilibrium scale
hierarchy
38Bubble Wall Dynamics
V (f2) lt V (f1)
39Quantum Transport Baryogenesis
Electroweak Baryogenesis
Particle Propagation Beyond familiar (Peskin) QFT
40Quantum Transport Baryogenesis
Electroweak Baryogenesis
Scale Hierarchy
41SUSY CPV Quantum Transport
Chargino Mass Matrix
Neutralino Mass Matrix
Resonant CPV M1,2 m
42Baryogenesis New Electroweak Physics
90s Cohen, Kaplan, Nelson
Joyce, Prokopec, Turok
Unbroken phase
CP Violation
Theoretical Issues Strength of phase
transition (Higgs sector) Bubble dynamics
(expansion rate) Transport at phase boundary
(non-eq QFT) EDMs many-body physics QCD
43EDMs in SUSY
One-loop
EDM q, l, n
Chromo-EDM q, n
44EDMs Baryogenesis
45EDMs in SUSY
One-loop
EDM q, l, n
Chromo-EDM q, n
46EDMs Baryogenesis
47SUSY Baryogenesis Colliders
48SUSY CPV Dark Matter
Chargino Mass Matrix
Neutralino Mass Matrix
49SUSY Baryogenesis Dark Matter
50Dark Matter Relic Abundance
51SUSY Dark Matter Solar Neutrinos
Gravitational capture in sun followed by
annihilation into high energy neutrinos
52SUSY Dark Matter Future Experiments
53Conclusions
- The fundamental symmetries of the Standard Model
provide a successful basis for explaining the
microphysics of the present universe, but
additional symmetries are needed to address
important questions about earlier times
Origin of matter, unification, size of the Fermi
constant, neutrino mass, gravity,
- New symmetries at the weak scale may be able to
account for the origin of matter
A combination of precise low-energy experiments
(EDM searches), collider studies, dark matter
searches and theoretical advances will help us
find out
- This field provides a rich interplay of
particle, nuclear, atomic physics with
cosmology in both theory expt
54Conclusions
Were making progress
and open to new ideas.