Heavy toll on affected communities - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Heavy toll on affected communities

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failure to adequately recognise & respond to those affected ... overlooks sustainability aspects. induces conflict and higher costs ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Heavy toll on affected communities


1
Heavy toll on affected communities
  • estimated 40-80 million physically displaced
  • significant number of others affected
  • failure to adequately
    recognise respond to
    those affected
  • negative impacts fall
    disproportionately on
    disadvantaged
  • inequity is not addressed in balance sheet
    approach

2
Alternatives often exist
  • reduce demand by increasing end-use efficiency
  • defer new supply by enhancing supply conveyance
    efficiency
  • extend life and performance through improved land
    water management
  • promote alternative supply options, including
    small-scale locally appropriate approaches

Dams and Development - Report of the World
Commission on Dams
3
Lack of compliance
  • weak regulatory frameworks lack
    of enforcement
  • little public participation scrutiny
  • top down decision-making, often
    politically motivated
  • past conflicts remain unresolved with no
    legal recourse
  • vested interests in favour of large
    infrastructure
  • no incentives or sanctions

4
Summary findings
  • lack of systematic evaluation of dam projects
  • considerable scope to improve performance
  • economic profitability is elusive many
    externalities
  • all too often impacts on people ecosystems are
    unacceptable and avoidable
  • alternatives to dams exist that are acceptable
    viable depends on location
  • the means to improve development outcomes exists
    but are not yet common practice

5
The way forward New framework for
decision-making
To improve development outcomes, the Commission
presents a new framework for decision-making
based on recognising rights and assessing risks
of all interested parties
6
The Way Forward
  • Move beyond the simple
    balance sheet approach
  • to shared values, objectives and goals
  • Internationally accepted norms are basis
    for WCD recommendations
  • Adopt a rights and risks approach
  • Define whose rights and what risks

7
Move beyond the simple balance-sheet approach
that
  • trades off losses and gains between groups
  • impoverishes some people
  • excludes people and limits awareness
  • overlooks sustainability aspects
  • induces conflict and higher costs

Dams and Development - Report of the World
Commission on Dams
8
Towards shared values, objectives goals
  • equity
  • efficiency
  • participatory decision-making
  • sustainability
  • accountability

9
Internationally accepted norms are basis for WCD
recommendations
  • UN Declaration of Human Rights
  • Declaration on the Right to Development
  • Rio Principles

10
Adopt a rights risks approach
  • Future planning decision-making
    should be guided by -
  • a recognition of rights
  • an assessment of risks
  • to determine who has a legitimate place in
    negotiating outcomes

11
Define whose rights what risks
12
Turning Conflict Into Consensus
  • Gain public acceptance
  • Assess options
  • Address existing dams
  • Sustain rivers and livelihoods
  • Recognise entitlements and share benefits
  • Ensure compliance
  • Share rivers across boundaries

13
Gaining public acceptance
  • dams affect existing rights create wide range
    of risks
  • opportunities exist for achieving a higher level
    of equity
  • recognise rights of indigenous tribal peoples
  • achieve outcomes through binding formal agreements

Dams and Development - Report of the World
Commission on Dams
14
Comprehensive options assessment
  • failure to adequately define needs assess
    options led to dispute
  • an early and open examination of options can
    avoid poor projects
  • raise the significance of social
    environmental aspects
  • increase the effectiveness of existing systems as
    a priority

Dams and Development - Report of the World
Commission on Dams
15
Address existing dams
  • most dams that will operate in the 21st century
    already exist
  • considerable scope exists for improving benefits
  • remedy outstanding social issues
  • enhance mitigation, restoration enhancement of
    ecosystems
  • use licences to formalise operating agreements

16
Sustain rivers and livelihoods
  • rivers support millions of livelihoods
  • dams cause significant and often irreversible
    effects on ecosystems
  • value rivers, ecosystems endangered species
  • emphasise avoidance
    of impacts
  • maintain ecosystem
    integrity through
    environmental flows

17
Recognise entitlements share benefits
  • many people displaced - many more unrecognised
  • including those who depend on a rivers resources
  • recognise rights and assess risks as a basis
    for negotiations
  • agree legally enforceable entitlements
  • adversely affected people become first among
    beneficiaries

18
Ensure compliance
  • many policies and guidelines exist..
  • but often a failure to fulfil obligations
  • need a compliance plan covering all commitments
    to people and the environment
  • introduce initiatives to reduce corruption
  • develop incentive framework for compliance

19
Share rivers across boundaries
  • conflicts over transboundary rivers due to
    power imbalance
  • experience suggests disputes can be resolved
  • endorse the UN Convention principles
  • go beyond sharing water - to sharing the benefits
  • encourage consistent policies for financing
    agencies

Dams and Development - Report of the World
Commission on Dams
20
The Commissions Criteria Guidelines
Government
Civil Society
International Agreements
International Standards
Multilateral Bilateral Organisations
Private Sector
Professional Organisations
in a wider framework
21
Five key decision points
Dam Options
22
Guidelines for good practice
Which include
Environmental flow
Stakeholder analysis
Performance bonds
Greenhouse gas emissions
Prior Informed consent
Compliance plan
Multi-criteria analysis
Project benefit-sharing
23
Dams in the pipeline - general
  • Establish a stakeholder forum based on rights
    and risks approach
  • Undertake distribution analysis
  • Promote development opportunities and benefit
    sharing
  • Provide for an environmental flow
  • Include recourse and compliance mechanisms

24
Dams in the pipeline - its not too late
  • Feasibility - assess all options
  • - gain public acceptance
  • Design - prepare Compliance Plan
  • - contractualise benefit sharing
  • - determine environmental flow
  • Construction - formalise commitments

Dams and Development - Report of the World
Commission on Dams
25
Improve Development outcomes
Using the WCDs framework will reduce cost, save
time and avoid conflicts while achieving more
equitable outcomes
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