But sauropods, like extant dinosaurs birds, would have had large caps of hyaline cartilage on each a

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But sauropods, like extant dinosaurs (birds),
would have had large caps of hyaline cartilage on
each articular surface. These would achieve the
close fitting that is otherwise not possible.
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Brachiosaurus brancai (HMN S II) mount in the
Humbold Musuem, Berlin. Cartilage must have
filled the large part of the acetabulum not
filled by the head of the femur.
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Assume a mass of 36 tonnes for Brachiosaurus
Assume even distribution of bodyweight on fore
and hind limbs The total area of proximal
articular facets is 0.409 m2 When standing still,
compressive stress on cartilage is 862 KPa
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Assume a mass of 36 tonnes for Brachiosaurus
Assume even distribution of bodyweight on fore
and hind limbs The total area of proximal
articular facets is 0.409 m2 When standing still,
compressive stress on cartilage is 862 KPa This
is about 1/6 of Spahn and Wittig's figure of 5
MPa before plastic deformation of cartilage
occurs. So a stationary Brachiosaurus would be
comfortable on land.
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The findings of this study should be regarded as
a first step, with corrections and refinements
hopefully to follow. Some areas where refinement
is needed How much of the articular cartilage
is in contact at once? What is the strength of
articular cartilage? How is mass distributed
between fore and hind limbs? How does joint
reaction force compare with weight?
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