China and India

1
China and India

• Two Giants of Asia
• Ch. 21 Sec. 3

2
Deng Xiaoping

• (dung show ping)
• Served as leader of the Peoples Republic of
  China from 1978 through the early 90s
• Generally credited with developing China into one
  of the fastest growing economies in the world

3
Four Modernizations

• Emphasized agriculture, industry, science and
  defense
• Dengs program allowing for some features of a
  free market
• Economic reforms in China brought a surge of
  growth, but with it an economic gap between rural
  poor and wealthy city dwellers
• Other new problems include pollution and health
  issues such as AIDS

4
Political Reform

• China has not been as progressive in reforming
  their government structure for greater political
  freedoms
• 1989 - Tiananmen Square Massacre
• Thousands of young Chinese demonstrators pushing
  for democratic reforms were killed and many
  others arrested and tortured by government troops

5
Political Reform

• Communist party continues to jail critics and
  have been the subject of Human rights activism
  (suppression, prison labor)
• Increased again with 2008 Summer Olympics coming
  up
• Pressured to correct their many abuses
• Tibets ancient Buddhist culture

6
Overpopulation

• China has created specific laws to limit
  population growth
• One-child policy (urban families, Rural-two)
• 1.3 billion

7
India

• Also has a population of over 1 billion
• Largest democracy in the world
• Population growth remains a serious issue
• Has limited the success of economic growth
• One-third of India lives below the poverty line

8
Economy

• Limitations
• Lack key natural resources like oil and natural
  gas
• Green Revolution not affordable by all and many
  traditional methods continued
• Shift from command to a free-market economy in
  the 80s
• Increase in textile and technology industries

9
Other reforms

• Mother Teresa founded groups providing aid to
  millions in India suffering from the effects of
  overpopulation
• India constitution banned the discrimination that
  exists among the caste system of India -
  especially with the dalits (lowers class)
• Still exists
• Increasing political action for womens rights