U'S' SpaceBased Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Policy and Program Update

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U.S. Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and
Timing Policy and Program Update

• Briefing to the International Committee on
• Global Navigation Satellite Systems
• United Nations
• Vienna, Austria
• November 1, 2006

Michael Shaw, Director U.S. National Coordination
Office for Space-based Positioning, Navigation,
and Timing (PNT)
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Overview

• Current Constellation Performance
• Modernization Plans
• International Cooperation
• National Space-Based PNT Executive Committee
• Summary

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Current Constellation
30 Operational Satellites (Baseline
Constellation 24)

• 16 Block II/IIA satellites operational
• 12 Block IIR satellites operational
• Modernizing 6 remaining Block IIR satellites
• 2 Block IIR-M satellites operational
• Transmitting new second civil signal (L2C)
• Continuously assessing constellation health to
  determine launch need
• New IIR-M satellite launched Sep 06
• Next launch November 2006
• Global GPS civil service performance commitment
  met continuously since 1993

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GPS Single Frequency Performance
Standard
Decreasing range error
Signal in Space RMS URE Root Mean Square User
Range Error
System accuracy far exceeds current standard
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U.S. Augmentations
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Overview

• Current Constellation Performance
• Modernization Plans
• International Cooperation
• National Space-Based PNT Executive Committee
• Summary

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Benefits of GPS Modernization

• System-wide service improvements in
• Accuracy
• Availability
• Integrity
• Reliability
• Backward compatibility
• Robustness against interference
• Improved indoor, mobile, and urban use
• Interoperability with other GNSS constellations

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Modernized GPS Civil Signals

• Second civil signal (L2C)
• Designed to meet commercial needs
• Higher accuracy through ionospheric correction
• Higher effective power and improved data
  structure reduce interference, speed up signal
  acquisition, enable miniaturization of receivers,
  may enable indoor use
• Began with GPS Block IIR-M in Sep 2005
• Third civil signal (L5)
• Designed to meet demanding requirements for
  transportation safety (safety-of-life)
• Uses highly protected Aeronautical Radio
  Navigation Service (ARNS) band
• Begins with GPS Block IIF
• First launch 2008
• Fourth civil signal (L1C)
• Designed with international partners to enable
  GNSS interoperability
• Begins with GPS Block III
• First launch 2013

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GPS III

• Next-generation satellite bus needed to
  accommodate increasing power requirements
• Revised acquisition strategy
• Development approach to reduce risk, increase
  flexibility
• Separate contracts for space and ground segments
• Civil benefits
• Provides operational capability for L2C and L5
• In combination with GPS IIR-M and IIF satellites
• Delivers L1C for interoperability with Galileo,
  QZSS
• Significant increase in system accuracy
• Improved availability of accuracy with integrity

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Overview

• Current Constellation Performance
• Modernization Plans
• International Cooperation
• National Space-Based PNT Executive Committee
• Summary

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U.S. International Cooperation

• U.S. Government has engaged in formal cooperative
  arrangements with Europe, Japan, and Russia since
  1996
• To ensure compatibility (non-interference) and
  interoperability with foreign systems
• To maintain and promote a level playing field in
  the global market
• Additional efforts ongoing with Australia, India,
  Brazil and others
• Multilateral cooperation established through U.N.
  International Committee on GNSS
• As well as ICAO, IMO, and NATO

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U.S. International Cooperation
Outlined in 2004 U.S. National Policy on
Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
(PNT)

• Improve performance of civil GPS and
  augmentations to meet or exceed that of
  international systems
• Provide open, free access to information needed
  to develop equipment

• Provide civil GPS and augmentations free of
  direct user fees on a continuous, worldwide basis
• Seek to ensure international systems are
  interoperable, or at a minimum, are compatible,
  with civil GPS and augmentations

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Overview

• Current Constellation Performance
• Modernization Plans
• International Cooperation
• National Space-Based PNT Executive Committee
• Summary

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National Space-Based PNT Executive
Committee

• National Space-Based PNT Executive Committee
  established in 2004 U.S. Policy
• Chaired by Deputy Secretaries of Defense and
  Transportation
• Membership includes State, Commerce, Homeland
  Security, JCS and NASA
• Supported by a new National Coordination Office
• National Coordination Office (NCO) was
  established with staff from each member agency
• Director, Deputy Director, and 6 staff

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National Space-Based PNT Organizational Structure
WHITE HOUSE
Defense
Transportation
NATIONALSPACE-BASED PNT EXECUTIVE
COMMITTEE Co-Chairs Defense, Transportation
State
ADVISORYBOARD Sponsor NASA
Commerce
Homeland Security
Joint Chiefs of Staff
COORDINATIONOFFICE Host Commerce
NASA
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Key Executive Committee Actions

• 5-Year National Space-Based PNT Plan
• Plan is in draft and FY08 program assessment is
  in progress
• Interference Detection and Mitigation Plan
• Department of Homeland Security coordinating U.S.
  capabilities to detect and mitigate sources of
  interference to GPS and its augmentations
• National Space-based PNT Architecture
• Led by DoDs National Security Space Office and
  DOTs Research and Innovative Technology
  Administration
• In 2006, Executive Committee has met four times
• Last meeting held October 27

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U.S. Space-Based PNT Advisory Board

• Board will conduct assessments and make
  recommendations to accomplish policy goals and
  objectives
• As tasked by the Executive Committee
• NASA is hosting Advisory Board
• Board established with membership being finalized
• Includes 6 international members
• First meeting projected for Feb 07

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Web-based Information

• PNT.gov established to disseminate information on
  the U.S. National Executive Committee
• Contains information on Membership, Policy, the
  Advisory Board, frequently asked questions, and
  recent public presentations
• www.GPS.gov established to disseminate
  information on GPS applications
• Brochure on GPS applications available in
  hardcopy upon request
• Contains additional links to various other
  websites

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PNT.gov
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www.GPS.gov
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Overview

• Current Constellation Performance
• Modernization Plans
• International Cooperation
• National Space-Based Executive Committee
• Summary

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Summary

• Implementing U.S. National Space-Based PNT Policy
  
• Coordination Office activated on 1 Nov 05
• Executive Committee meeting regularly
• U.S. policy encourages and promotes worldwide use
  of civil GPS and augmentations
• Compatibility and Interoperability with other
  GNSS systems
• International coordination and cooperation is a
  U.S. priority
• Strongly support International Committee on GNSS
• GPS performance is getting better and will
  continue to improve
• Augmentations enable high performance today
• First new GPS signal now available
• Additional improvements will continue in the
  future

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Contact Information
Michael E. Shaw Director U.S. National
Coordination Office for Space-Based PNT 14th and
Constitution Ave, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20230
Ph [phone] Fax (202)
482-4429 Michael.Shaw_at_pnt.gov Presentation and
other GPS information available www.PNT.gov
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BACKUPS
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GPS Modernization Program
Increasing System Capabilities w Increasing
Defense / Civil Benefit
Block IIA/IIR
Block III
Block IIR-M, IIF

• Backward compatibility
• 4th civil signal (L1C)
• Increased accuracy
• Increased anti-jam power
• Assured availability
• Increased security
• System survivability

• IIR-M IIA/IIR capabilities plus
• 2nd civil signal (L2C)
• M-Code (L1M L2M)
• IIF IIR-M capability plus
• 3rd civil signal (L5)
• Anti-jam flex power

• Basic GPS
• Standard Service
• Single frequency (L1)
• Coarse acquisition (C/A) code navigation
• Precise Service
• Y-Code (L1Y L2Y)
• Y-Code navigation