WELCOME TO 920 07. BI 12111311 THE LIFE OF CHRIST Professor Fenter Northern, Instructor

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WELCOME TO9-20- 07. BI 1211/1311 THE LIFE OF
CHRISTProfessor Fenter Northern, Instructor
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Questions to Master on previous Lecture

• Who were the Galileans?
  Who were the Samaritans?
  Who
  were the Judeans?
  Where were the Pereans located
  geographically?
• NOTHING HAPPENED AT RANDOM!
• God P_______________ the messiah.
• God planned the perfect T_________ for the
  messiah
• God planned a specific L_______ for the Messiah.
• God chose a specific P________ for the Messiah

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Questions to Master on previous Lecture

• Which of the twelve tribes was the Messiah to be
  of?
  What was the covenant that
  God made with Israel?
• What does diaspora (dispersion) mean?
• Which tribes went into captivity first? By whom?
  When? Why?
• Which tribes went 2nd by whom, when, why?
• What were 9 developments of Judaism in Babylon
  for Jesus Day?
• 1. IDOLATRY DISAPPEARED.
  2. THE
  MERIT SYSTEM OF RIGHTEOUSNESS APPEARED
  3. INFLUENTIAL SCHOLARLY CLASS
  AROSE. 4. INSTITUTION OF THE SYNAGOGUE HELPED.
  5. SHARING MEMORIES CENTRALIZED AND COALESCED
  THEM

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Questions to Master on previous Lecture
6. AN INDOMITABLE SPIRIT PREVAILED 7. THE
TARGUM AROSE Aramaic translation of scriptures.,
later called the tradition of elders. (Mt.
152) 8. NEW REVELATION WAS RECEIVED Daniel,
Ezekiel, and many Psalms PSALMS, VIZ, 85, 102,
118, 146-150. 9. A NEW LANGUAGE EMERGED Aramaic
(The language spoken by Jews in Jesus Day)
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Questions to Master on previous Lecture

• What Nation(s) captured Babylon in 538? By what
  man?
• What favors did he show the Jews that contributed
  to Judaism in the days of Jesus?
• Who was Zerrubabel?
• This was the period of what 3 O.T. books (ENE)
• Who were prophets in this time? (HZM)

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New Material for Today
Important Change in Events The Greeks Capture
the Persians 331 B.C. And will make great
contributions toward the coming of Christ and
Christianity
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Alex. The Great, (356-323 A.D.) pupil of
Aristotle, exported Greek Culture known as
HellenismGreek culturecustoms Language
Founded intellectual center in Egypt called
Alexandria This Divided the Jews into Hellenist
Alexandrian Jews --mimicked customs, language,
dress, culture Hebraist -- Jerusalem Jews
opposing this
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The Jews under Greek Rule
Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Epimanes) The madman,
175-164 B.C. An avid Hellenist ---anti-Jewish
religion Devastated Jerusalem in 168 B.C. 166
B.C. led to Maccabbean revolt 165 B.C.
Rededicated temple Feast of Lights called
Hanukah 61 B.C. ROMAN OCCUPATION.
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300-147 B.C. --Greek Contributions that Helped
Plant Christianity

• 1. Hellenism bred a universal language
• 2. They published a universal Bible known as
  the Septuagint or LXX version.
• 3. Emptiness of Greek Philosophies helped
• Stoics Zeno 280 B.C. Consolation in fate by
  suppression of emotion (Acts 1718).
• Epicureans --Epicurus d.271 B.C
• Pleasure is the greatest good (Acts
  1718).

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THE ROMAN OCCUPATION 61 BC--
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Roman cont. that helped Christianity

• The Pax Romana (Roman Peace)
• Excellent highway system
• Romes legal system
• Common Coinage
• NEGATIVE FACTORS
• Extreme moral degradation (Rom. 1)
• Affluence, Idleness
• No recognized standard of ethics
• Prostitution, divorce, abortion, infanticide,
  suicide
• Failure of pagan religions

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Review of the Jewish Dispersion

• Babylonian exile 586-536 B. C.
• Egyptian exile, 2 Kgs. 2526
• Persian rule, 536 331 B.C.
• Greek rule, 331 163 B.C.
• Independence 163-63 B.C.
• Roman occupation 63 B.C. (WORLDWIDE DISPERSION)
• No nation in the world which had not among them
  part of the Jewish people- Josephus- 1st Century
  Historian

How this helped the coming of Christ
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• It Sowed seeds of Messianic expectation around
  the world.

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HISTORY WAS MERGING ALL THINGS TOGETHER FOR THE
COMING OF CHRIST

• Babylon
• Persia
• Greece
• Rome

• Israel at time of CHRIST
• 4 / 6 B.C. TO 30 A.D.

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• JESUS ENTRANCE INTO THE WORLD WAS
• A CAREFULLY DIVINE PLANNED EVENT SINCE BEFORE
  THE CREATION OF THE WORLD.
• Learn the Five Ps in Jesus coming

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REMEMBER THE 5 Ps

• 1. Jesus Was PredestinedBefore the World Began
• Eph. 14. According as he hath chosen us in him
  before the foundation of the world, that we
  should be holy and without blame before him in
  love

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2. God Promised Him to Man After the Fall
(4000 B.C.)

• Gen. 315. And I will put enmity between thee
  and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed
  it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise
  his heel.
• Gal. 316. He saith not, And to seeds, as of
  many but as of one, And to thy seed, which is
  Christ.

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3. He Was Prophesied by the Prophets

• Dt. 1818. I will raise them up a Prophet from
  among their brethren, like unto thee, and will
  put my words in his mouth and he shall speak
  unto them all that I shall command him.
• IS. 714. Therefore the Lord himself shall give
  you a sign Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and
  bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.

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4. He Was Presented to the world

• John 114. And the Word was made flesh, and
  dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the
  glory as of the only begotten of the Father,)
  full of grace and truth.
• 15. John bare witness of him, and cried,
  saying, This was he of whom I spake, He that
  cometh after me is preferred before me for he
  was before me.
• 16. And of his fulness have all we received,
  and grace for grace.

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5. He Was Perfected in His Mission
Hebrews 58-9 Though he were a Son, yet learned
he obedience by the things which he suffered And
being made perfect, he became the author of
eternal salvation unto all them that obey him
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GOD Had a Marked Season For Jesus Arrival---THE
FULLNESS OF TIME
To everything there is a season and a time for
every purpose under heaven Eccl. 31 when the
fullness of time was come, God sent forth his
son. Gal. 44
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Apostle Paul and Jesus said it was the Fulness of
Times.

• Paul, Eph. 19.10 According to his good
  pleasure which he hath purposed in himself That
  in the dispensation of the fulness of times he
  might gather together in one all things in
  Christ. . .
• Jesus, MK. 115 The time is fulfilled, and the
  kingdom of God is at hand

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Is Jesus A Historical Figure?

• Outside Sources that mention Jesus
• Flavius Josephus - 1st century
• Tacitus - 1st century
• Pliny the Younger (112 A.D.)
• Suetonius (ca. 88 A.D.)

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The Arrival of Jesus Was the Climax of Biblical
History

• Changed the method of accounting time B.C. ---
  A.D.
• All things in Biblical history looked forward to
  a future time for Jesus to enter the world.
• Events afterward look backward to that moment and
  forward to his return

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The Strategic Time to Arrive

• The Divine Hand was forging history for the most
  effective moment for the birth of Christ
• Time was needed for two plausible Reasons
• 1. It took time for Pagan religions to run their
  course and lose their hold on Israel.
• 2. Pagan religions were vain and empty. They
  offered no healing for the hurt of man. This
  offered the perfect open door for Christ.
• Mal. 42. But unto you that fear my name shall
  the sun of righteousness arise with healing in
  his wings

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THE GOSPEL AUTHORS
MATTHEW (gift of Jehovah),
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The apostle Matthew, also called Levi, was the
son of Alphaeus and, some say, the brother of the
apostle James the Less, or, James, son of
Alphaeus. By profession, Matthew was a tax
collector before being called by Jesus to follow
Him. It is believed by some that he became
encouraged by the reports of the success of other
Christian leaders among the Jews (the Diaspora)
and also among the Gentiles, and went forth on
several missionary journeys. Tradition
indicates and there is also a belief that Matthew
was martyred in Egypt upon his return from
Ethiopia in Africa but this is not certain.
Matthew was a gifted writer, an ardent
disciple, and was perhaps the best educated of
any of the Twelve Apostles.
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Mt. 99... "Sitting at the receipt of custom,"
"at the place of toll." Toll house, or custom
house, for the collection of the taxes on fish,
or duties on the merchandise which passed along
the great roads to Jerusalem, Tyre, and Damascus,
and the East, which centered at at Capernaum.
Cicero speaks of the toll houses erected by the
publicans, "at the approaches to bridges, at the
termination of roads, or in the harbors," for the
convenience of collection. It is common in
Oriental towns to find, just inside of the
gateway at the entrance to the town, a sentinel
standing on guard before a large open room, in
which is seated the collector of the public
revenue in company with other public officials.
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The toll house--telonion -- was a detested
siteBred intense hatred for the publican

• 1. Endless interference by checking
• 2. Extortion was common with no defense
• 3. It was common to exact more than due
• 4. Rabbis said their repentance was nigh
  impossible.
• 5. Publicans and sinners were grouped together.
  
• Taxes axels, wheels, pack animals, pedestrians,
  roads, entrance to markets, bridges, ships, ad
  valorem goods 5 12.5
• Taxes set by local pagan officials Proverb Woe
  to the ship that sails without having paid the
  duty
• Thus Contempt for publicans was high.

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Matthew Refers to Himself as Matthew

• MT 99. And as Jesus passed forth from thence,
  he saw a man, named Matthew, sitting at the
  receipt of custom and he saith unto him, Follow
  me. And he arose, And followed him. 10. And it
  came to pass, as Jesus sat at meat in the house,
  behold, many publicans and sinners came and sat
  down with him and his disciples. 11. And when
  the Pharisees saw it, they said unto his
  disciples, Why eateth your Master with publicans
  and sinners?

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Marks Refers to Matthew as Levi the son of
Alphaeus

• MARK 2 13. And he went forth again by the sea
  side and all the multitude resorted unto him,
  and he taught them.14. And as he passed by, he
  saw Levi the son of Alphaeus sitting at the
  receipt of custom, and said unto him, Follow me.
  And he arose and followed him.

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JOHN MARK THE YOUNG MAN
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Mark, one of the evangelists, and author of the
Gospel bearing his name. Scholars regard the
identity of John Mark of Acts with the Mark of
Paul's Epistles and states that there is no
reason to doubt that the same Mark was the author
of the second Gospel. Marcus was his Latin
surname. His Jewish name was John, which is the
same as Johanan (Jehovah is gracious).
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We can almost trace the steps whereby the former
became his prevalent name in the Church. "John,
whose surname was Mark," in Acts 13 12, 25 15
37, it is only "John" in Acts 135, 13, then
"Mark" in Acts 1539, and after that there is no
change. Col. 410 Phil. 24
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2 Tim. 411. The evangelist was the son of a
certain Mary, a Jewish matron of some position
who dwelt at Jerusalem, Acts 1212, and was
probably born of a Hellenistic family in that
city. Of his father we know nothing but we do
know that the future evangelist was cousin of
Barnabas of Cyprus, the great friend of St. Paul.
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This fact accounts for St, Mark's intimate
acquaintance with that apostle, to whom also he
probably owed his conversion, for St. Peter calls
hint his son. 1 Pet. 513. We hear of him. for
the first time in Acts 1225, where we find him
accompanying Paul and Barnabas on their return
from Jerusalem to Antioch, AD 46.
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He next comes before us on the occasion of the
earliest missionary journey of the same
apostles,, AD 47, when he joined them as their "
minister or assistant." Acts 135. With them he
visited Cyprus but at Perga in Pamphylia, Acts
1311!, when they were about to enter upon the
more arduous part of their mission, he left them,
and, for some unexplained reason., returned to
Jerusalem to his mother and his home.
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Later Paul was unwilling to have Mark for his
attendant, yet he was restored later to Paul's
friendship and confidence, and we find him at
Paul's side during that apostle's first
imprisonment at Rome, AD 61-63.
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He is acknowledged by him as one of his few
fellow laborers who had been a " comfort" to him
during, the weary hours of his imprisonment. Col
410, II Phil. 24. We next have traces of him
in 1 Pet. 513 "The church that is in Babylon .
. . saluteth you, and so doth Marcus my son."
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From this we infer that he joined Peter, the
great friend of his mother, at Babylon. From
Babylon he would seem to have returned to Asia
Minor for during his second imprisonment, AD 66,
Paul, writing to Timothy, charges him to bring
Mark with him to Rome, on the ground that he was
"profitable to him for the ministry." 2 Tim.
411.
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Tradition affirms that Mark visited Egypt,
founded the church of Alexandria, and died by
martyrdom. The Gospel of Mark. Scholars look
upon it as the oldest of the Gospels, and one of
the sources from which the other writers drew
their material.
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The last twelve verses are an appendix, perhaps
by Mark himself, "having once had an independent
existence, and being added later to the Gospel,
Hence in the Revision these verses are separated
by a space from the preceding verses but this
does not affect our faith in their truth or
inspiration.
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Date written.Upon this point nothing absolutely
certain can be affirmed, and the Gospel itself
affords us no information. The most direct
testimony is that of Irenaeus, who says it was
after the death of the apostles Peter and Paul.