GPS%20THE%20GLOBAL%20POSITIONING%20SYSTEM

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GPSTHE GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
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GPSIts in cars, boats, planes, tractors, golf
carts, cell phones, shoes

• What is GPS?

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GPS technology has matured into a resource that
goes far beyond its original design goals. These
days scientists, sportsmen, farmers, soldiers,
pilots, surveyors, hikers, delivery drivers,
sailors, dispatchers, lumberjacks, fire-fighters,
and people from many other walks of life are
using GPS in ways that make their work more
productive, safer, and sometimes easier. These
applications fall into five broad
categoriesLocation - determining a basic
position Navigation - getting from one location
to another Tracking - monitoring the movement of
people and things Mapping - creating maps of the
world Timing - bringing precise timing to the
world
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What is GPS?

• GPS is a satellite-based radio navigation system
  that allows anyone anywhere on the planet to
  determine their 3D position with great accuracy
  and precision.
• Because there are still security issues (this was
  created by the DOD) there are places where
  signals dont always pick up with high precision.
• The system does undergo uprades periodically so
  signals may not be accurate forever

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Who maintains GPS?

• DOD - NAVSTAR
• Russia -GLONASS
• EEC - Under development

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• The system is composed of three segments
• Space - The orbiting satellites
• Control - The monitoring stations on earth

• User - The GPS units such as you will use today.

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The System kind-of In Action
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• A NAVSTAR satellite.
• Life expectancy of about 10 years.new ones are
  being put in to orbit annually.
• They are approx. 11,000 miles above the earth.
• Each one weighs about 2,000 pounds and span about
  17 feet across.
• They are powered by solar panels

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• The system is composed of three segments
• Space - The orbiting satellites

• Control - The monitoring stations on earth

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Our Model The eTrex Legend from Garmin
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The GPS pre-test

• When was GPS first used?
• Sputnik1957
• TRANSIT1960s
• NAVSTAR1970s

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How many satellites make up a GPS?

• 27 at the current time
• 24 to maintain a system

Your GPS receiver must track at least 3
satellites to give you an accurate position
location. 4 for an accurate elevation
measurement.
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From Circles to Waves These two graphs both
represent The NAVSTAR constellation of
satellites.
How would you describe the path of a single
satellite in each graph? How would you
explain the transition from one graph to the
other?
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• Government
• Military
• Agencies - Conservation, Weather, Rescue
• Industry
• Transportation
• Fishing
• Agriculture
• General Public
• Recreation
• Emergency / Security Reasons
• Health Related Reasons

Who uses GPS?
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• Each GPS satellite transmits an accurate position
  and time signal.
• The users receiver measures the time delay for
  the signal to reach the receiver.
• Measurements collected from 4 satellites are
  processed to solve for the 3D position, velocity
  and time.

How does GPS Work?
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• Where on Earth are we?

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Your Task Outside
1) Get a locked reading on your unit. 2) Chose a
direction either east-west, or north-south. 3)
Walk along the direction vector until the reading
on your unit changes. 4) Design a method for
finding the circumference of the earth based on
your observations.
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What you discovered outside.
1) Did you all get the exact same reading? 2) How
did you know your direction? 3) How many paces
until the reading on your unit changed? 4) What
was your method for finding the circumference of
the earth? 5) Would the circumference be the
same for N/S as E/W?
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A Sample Lesson
From Mission Mathematics A NASA/NCTM Project
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How Does This Fit Into a Math Class?!

• Pre Algebra Latitude and Longitude, Integers
• Algebra I Linear Systems, Absolute Value
• Geometry Degree Measure, Circles, Spherical
  Geometry
• Algebra II Systems of Circles, 3D Graphing

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How Does This Fit Into a Math Class?!

• Trigonometry Orbits as Sinusoids, Bearing,
• College Algebra Conic Sections, 3D Systems
• Pre Calculus Accuracy, Precision, Error
• Calculus
• Discrete Math Circuits, Paths, Triangulation

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Available Materials

• The WEB

Overview of GPS http//www.utexas.edu/depts/grg/
gcraft/notes/gps/gps.html U.S. Coast Guard
http//www.navcen.uscg.mil Inst. of Navigation
http//www.ion.org GLONASS info
http//www.rssi.ru/SFCSIC/SFCSIC_main .html GPS
sites http//www.inmet.com/pwt/gp
s_gen.htm "GPS for Fun"
http//www.gps4fun.com SpatialTek
http//www.mapfacts.com/gps/history.asp Craig
Haggart http//vancouverwebpages.com/pete
r/gpswork.txt Trimble http//www.trimble.
com/gps/ Science Junction http//www.ncsu.edu/
science junction Lesson Plans
http//wwwedu.ssc.nasa.gov/Itp/LessonPlans/