What is Heart Attack. Pathology of Myocardial Infarction:

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What is Heart Attack.!Pathology of Myocardial
Infarction

• Dr. Venkatesh M. Shashidhar
• Senior Lecturer in Pathology
• Fiji School of Medicine.

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Pathology of Heart Attack

• Damage to portion of heart due to block in blood
  flow.
• Atherosclerosis common cause.
• Blood vessel damage by fat cholesterol in the
  wall of blood vessel

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Heart AttackMyocardial Infarction

• Death of portion of Heart tissue due to lack of
  blood supply.
• Atherosclerosis is the common cause.

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Normal Heart

• Size of fist.
• 300 gm.
• 6000 litres/d No rest !
• Top disease
• 100 billion..!

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Coronary Arteries for the heart
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Coronary Atheorsclerosis
LCx LAD

• Left Coronary Artery.
• Anterior Descending (LAD)
• Left Circumflex (LCx)
• Right Coronary Artery.

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Development of Coronary Atherosclerosis
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Normal Blood vessel opened
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Stages of Atheroma - Aorta
Stage II III IV
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Coronary Narrowing in Atherosclerosis
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Atheroma Coronary Artery
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Atheroma Coronary Artery
Calcification
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Atheroma with Thrombosis
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Blood vessel obstruction

• Slow obstruction
• Fat plaque formation
• Thrombosis formation of blood clot
• Sudden obstruction
• Embolism separated blood clot

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Angiogram - Embolism Infarction
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Coronary Atherosclerosis
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Coronary Atherosclerosis - Thrombosis
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Myocardial Infarction - Gross
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2wk - Myocardial Infarction - 3d
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Myocardial Infarction
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Good Fats Bad FatsWhat is Cholesterol?LDL?
HDL? Unsaturated? Saturated?
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Coronary Arteries

• Mono unsaturated fats
• Poly unsaturated fats
• Omega-3 fatty acids (Fish)
• Lower LDL, Increase HDL
• No cholesterol in any vegetable oil, but they
  form cholesterol in liver.

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Risk Factors

• Non modifiable
• Age middle to late.
• Sex Males, complications
• Genetic - Hyperchol.
• Family history.

• Potentially Modifiable
• Hyperlipidemia HDL/LDL ratio.
• Hypertension.
• Smoking.
• Diabetes.

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Coronary Angioplasty
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Coronary Bypass Surgery
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Thank You...

• Dr. Venkatesh M. Shashidhar
• Senior Lecturer in Pathology
• Fiji School of Medicine.

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Cholesterol Transport