Disaster Management

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Disaster Management Flood Control An
Initiative by Pune Municipal Corporation

• A Presentation by Smt. Rajlakshmi Bhosale
• Mayor, Pune

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CONTENTS
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Introduction

• Punyanagari
• The City of Virtuous Deeds

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River and the City
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History

• Pune traces its origins to an agricultural
  settlement by the name of Punnaka in the 8th
  century AD also called Punyapur or Punyanagari,
  The City of Virtuous Deeds
• The city is built on the confluence of the three
  rivers Mutha, Mula and Pavana. These Rivers were
  believed to have Mythic Cleansing Powers
• The Rivers formed the citys lifeline and no
  other city in the country can boast of having
  three Rivers running through it

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Importance

• 8th Largest Urban Agglomeration in India
• Population 4.7 million growing _at_ 6
• Cultural Capital of Maharashtra
• Oxford of the East
• Detroit of India
• Rapidly Growing Economy powered by IT,
  Manufacturing and Services
• Twenty bridges cross the river along 27 km of
  lenght

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A Disaster Strikes Pune at 200pm on 12th July
1961 !!!
Panshet and Khadakwasla Dam Failure results in a
Major Flood in the city of Pune
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FLOOD SCENARIO IN PUNE
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History of Floods in Pune
Discharge in Cumecs
Years
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Flood Frequency Analysis was conducted for 1940
to 2007 of the maximum discharge data from
Khadakwasla

• The 1958 flood with a magnitude of 3211 cumecs is
  the highest flood recorded.
• The mean annual peak flood is about 1165 cumecs.
• Every decade had recorded one severe flood during
  the last six decades (1944, 1958, 1961, 1976,
  1976, 1983, 1997 and 2005).
• The post 1961 period shows a significant decline
  in the peak flood magnitudes and increase in the
  flood variability. This could be attributed to
  the increased control of dams located on the
  river, such as Temghar and Varasgaon that were
  constructed during the post-1961 period.

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CAUSE AND EFFECT
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Causes

• Reduction in Carrying Capacity of the river
• Encroachment in river and tributaries (nullahs)
  draining into the rivers
• Disposal of Debris and solid wastes including
  plastics
• Lack of Remote Rain Gauging and Telemetric Early
  Warning System

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Effects

• Displacement of Families in the river banks
• Destruction of private property on the river
  banks
• Destruction of Biodiversity on the river banks
• Disruption of Transport and communication systems
• Destruction of drainage and sewage system
• Eroding of river banks
• Adverse effect on Public Health

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Families Rehabilitated during Floods
Source Slum Department, PMC
Improvement in our Disaster Management Ability
has resulted into a large reduction in the number
of Flood Affected Families
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CURRENT FLOOD PROTECTION MEASURES
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Disaster Management Initiative byPune Municipal
Corporation (PMC)

• 2006 - 2007
• PMC embarked upon preparation of a a
  comprehensive Disaster Management Plan
• Involving all agencies of the local self
  government law enforcing agencies, state govt and
  education institutes
• MAY 2007 DMP WAS PROMULGATED

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Engineering Measures for Disaster Management by
Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC)

• Increase in River carrying capacity by
• Dredging of 1.50 MCM of silt
• Excavated Debris is reused for construction of
  roads
• Protection
• Construction of 1.50 km of protection wall to
  protect 10 major flood prone areas
• River flow (reduced afflux)
• Removal of an old Stone masonry bund
• Removal of central section (100m long and 5 m
  high) of Bundgarden bund

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Organisational Structure for Disaster Management
Khadakwasla Dam flows above 45000 cusec
Water level of Mulshi dam start increasing above
1980 ft
Mulshi- Collector office
Irrigation Department
Municipal Commissioner and Police Commissioner
work on next action plan
Flood control Department
Each hour
Public Relation officer
Pune Municipal Corporation Authority
Municipal Regional Offices
NGO, Social services Organisation etc
Take Action PMT, Road Traffic, health dept etc
Media (hourly updates)
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Organisational Structure ..contd
Role Played by Regional Offices
At present 39 Rehab Centres are available
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Benchmarks for Initiation of Disaster Management
Plan
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PMC Departments working towards Flood Management

• Fire Brigade Authority
• River Improvement and Garden Superintendent
  Department
• Pune Maha Nagarpalika Parivahan Mahamandal Ltd
• Health Department
• Vehicle Department
• Public Relation Department
• Education Department
• Electricity Department
• Irrigation Department

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Fire Brigade Authority

• Training of experts from this department to other
  officer for planning evacuation.
• Evacuation of people and property from site
• Supply of various equipment like pumps, cranes,
  boats etc where ever required
• Lifting of collapse articles like fallen trees
  etc during heavy rains

River Improvement and Garden Superintendent
Department

• Desilting of almost 1.50 MCM
• Deposition of debris for construction of DP road
• Disposal of excess debris at relevant location
• Construction of 1.50 km of protection wall which
  covers almost 10 major flood prone areas

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Pune Maha Nagarpalika Parivahan Mahamandal Ltd.

• Release of public transport
• Make vehicles available wherever required
• Make drivers available
• Get updates about traffic diversions and inform
  it to the drivers.
• Keep stock of fuel and other material required

Health Department

• Make Doctors, Pharmacist, auxiliary nurse etc
  available.
• Supply medicines
• Ambulance

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Vehicle Department

• Make wireless vehicles, truck and drivers
  available
• Coordination with fire brigade authorities
  through these wireless vehicles

Public Relation Department

• At as a communication medium within the
  government and public
• Public awareness
• Information to media (press, channels etc)

Education Department

• Make school and college available during floods
• Make infrastructure in school available
• Teachers and other staff also provide help in
  this respect

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Electricity Department

• As the electric supply is completely damage
  during floods provide generators to evacuation
  teams
• Provide temporary electric wiring at
  rehabilitation centers
• Provide emergency lamps

Irrigation Department

• Control discharge at each of the dams
• Supply flood update to Flood control department
  of PMC

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FUTURE ACTION PLAN FOR FLOOD FORECASTING
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
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Salient Features

• Installation of Remote Rain Gauging, level
  gauging and telemetry system for early warning to
  control peak discharge from Khadakwasla to within
  50,000 Cusecs during the rainy season
• Prevent encroachment of the river and streams by
  declaration of Biodiversity Restoration Zones
  along the banks
• Use of Gabions/Reno Mattresses on river banks for
  stabilisation and allow percolation of water

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Mapping and Delineation of the flood-prone area
by use a probability-based analysis wherein
systematic records and historical information on
past flooding are used to develop a relation of
probability of occurrence versus magnitude.
Development Zone
Submersible Zone
Floodway
High Flood Level
Submersible Zone
Development Zone
Designation of Floodway (River Channel) and High
Flood Level Components
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• Comprehensive Non Structural Flood Management
  System
• The proposed system can be divided into three
  important sub systems viz.
• Telemetry System
• Management Information System
• Decision Support System

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• Telemetry System gathers hydrological and
  meteorological data such as
• Rain fall data from rain-gauge stations in the
  catchment
• Water level data from river gauge stations
• Reservoir level data from level sensors installed
  at the reservoirs
• Data is gathered without any human intervention
• Collected data is then presented to the
  Management Information System and the Decision
  Support System
• Based on the received data and the pre-fed
  conditions/parameters/rules the system computes
  information required for controlling discharge of
  water

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Conclusions
Our experience of PMC has shown that initiative
by the local self governing body can control
reduce the magnitude of disaster and effectively
manage a disaster