CHAPTER 23 Industrialization of the West 1760 1914

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CHAPTER 23Industrialization of the West1760 -
1914
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Map Exercise 23.1Napoleon's Empire (page 543)

• 1. The Grand Empire of Napoleon
• a. What areas did Napoleon acquire?
• b. What states allied with Napoleon?
• c. What states seemed to be enemies of Napoleon?
• 2. Upsetting the Balance of Power
• a. How did Napoleon upset the balance of power?
• b. Based on Napoleons campaigns, what can you
  predict about his plans?

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Map Exercise 23.3Industrialization in Europe, c.
1850 (page 545)

• 1. Reading the map
• a. Identify the industrial areas of England
• b. What areas are emerging industrial areas?
• c. What nation (s) has (have) the densest
  concentration of railroads?
• 2. Drawing Conclusions
• a. What nations would likely experience an
  industrial revolution?
• b. Why do you come to this conclusion?

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Map Exercise 23.3The Unification of Italy (pg
551)The Unification of Germany (pg 552)

• What states united Italy Germany respectively?
• What other states did the 2 core nations acquire?

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Forces of Change
intellectual Enlightenment thinkers
challenge existing order
merchants encourage economic technological
changes
stimulate expansion
population pressure - increase
youthful independence grew
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Revolutions
call for change or restoration of past patterns
American
constitution based on Enlightenment principles
French
call for change mid 1700s - limitations on
aristocracy church - increased voice for
citizens - middle-class want greater political
role - peasants want freedom from landlords
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market economy
King cannot control
Declaration of Rights of Man the Citizen
- assembly abolishes manorialism - enact equality
before the law - new parliament limits royal
authority - church privileges attacked
reforms cause resistance civil wars in some
areas
economic chaos
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revolution taken over by radical groups
universal male suffrage
radical leadership falls in 1795
Napoleon Bonaparte - turns revolutionary
republic into authoritarian empire - kept many
of changes
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focus more on foreign expansion - 1812 control
w. Europe except Britain
1815 empire ends - revolutionary ideals survived
victorious allies restore balance of power
France not peaceful internally
conservative victors liberals radicals socialists
nationalists
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political discussion center on constitution
political participation
revolutions (1820s 30s)in Greece Spain
Portugal France Italy Germany Belgium
secure more liberal rights religious freedom
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Industrial Revolution
begin in Britain
technological change
Enlightenment thinking ideological base for
change
origins 1770-1840
factory system interchangeable parts coal coke
fuel transportation communication
improved agriculture
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Disruptions of Industrial Life
movement
social changes
middle class redefines family life
work conditions end leisurely craft production
lower classes turned to governments
revolts follow government unresponsive
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social reform equal rights
revolutions of 1848
want liberal constitutions limits on
industrialization end of manorialism ethnic
demands
generally failed
aristocracy declines
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middle class property owners vs. working class
- old alliances that produced revolutions
dissolved - revolutions in West become obsolete
industrial consolidation 1850-1914
rise of socialism
stable populations children valued material
conditions improve peasants improve lives labor
movements
adjustments to industrial life
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Political Trends
cautious change
Britain vote to working-class males
1867 Prussia vote to all adult males
conservatives use nationalism to win support
united Italy Germany (1871)
key political issues reduced
most Western nations have parliamentary systems
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New Government Functions
expand
civil service exams
school systems
welfare systems set up
government citizen contact with each other
rise of socialism - Karl Marx
revisionists support parliamentary democracy
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Cultural Change
feminist movements late 1800s
higher wages
increased leisure time
mass leisure culture
consumption encouraged (factory capacity)
advances in scientific knowledge - continues
tradition of rationalism - Darwin, Einstein,
Freud
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Artistic Expression
romanticism vs rationalism
African East Asian influences
Western culture doesnt synthesize
Expansion of Wests power
new markets raw material needed

• transportation communication
• Europeans superior weapons help
• spread empires
• - immigration

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U.S. - growing power
Civil War 1st modern war
British settler colonies
Canada, Australia, New Zealand
parliamentary governments, European culture
dependent on Great Britain economically
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20th century
balance of power altered by Germanys rise
overseas expansion by European countries
imperial rivalries add to tension in Europe
Triple Alliance Germany
Austria-Hungary Italy
Triple Entente Britain France
Russia
1 unstable partner in each
all lead into WWI