GENRE

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GENRE

• A genre is a division of a particular form of
  art or utterance according to criteria particular
  to that form. In all art forms, genres are vague
  categories with no fixed boundaries. Genres are
  formed by sets of conventions, and many works
  cross into multiple genres by way of borrowing
  and recombining these conventions. The scope of
  the word "genre" is usually confined to art and
  culture, particularly literature. In genre
  studies the concept of genre is not compared to
  originality. Rather, all works are recognized as
  either reflecting on or participating in the
  conventions of genre.

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The Horror Genre

• Films from the horror genre are designed to
  elicit fright, fear, terror, disgust or horror
  from viewers. In horror film plots ,evil forces,
  events, or characters, sometimes of supernatural
  origin, intrude into the everyday world. Horror
  film characters include vampires, zombies,
  monsters, serial killers, and a range of other
  fear-inspiring characters

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ACTION ADVENTURE

• Action Adventure films are a film genre, where
  action sequences, such as fighting, stunts, car
  chases or explosions, take precedence over
  elements like characterization or complex
  plotting.

• KING KONG

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THE RISE OF ACTION ADVENTURE

• Action Films began in the 1920's with a well
  known actor called Douglas Fairbanks. The
  phenomenal success of the James Bond series in
  the 1960s and 1970s, helped to popularise the
  concept of the action film in recent years. The
  early Bond films were characterised by quick
  cutting, car chases, fist fights and ever more
  elaborate action sequences. The series also
  established the concept of the resourceful hero,
  who is able to dispatch the villains with a ready
  one-liner.
• Early American action film usually focused on
  maverick police officers, as in Bullitt (1968),
  The French Connection (1971) and Dirty Harry
  (1971). However, the action film did not become a
  dominant form in Hollywood until the 1980s and
  1990s, when it was popularized by actors such as
  Arnold Schwarzenegger, Bruce Willis and Sylvester
  Stallone. The 1988 film Die Hard was particularly
  influential on the development of the genre in
  the following decade. In the movie, Bruce Willis
  plays a New York police detective who
  inadvertently becomes embroiled in a terrorist
  take-over of a Los Angeles office block. The film
  set a pattern for a host of imitators, like Under
  Siege (1992) or Air Force One (1997), which used
  the same formula in a different setting.
• Action films tend to be expensive requiring big
  budget special effects and stunt work. Action
  films have mainly become a mostly-American genre,
  although there have been a significant number of
  action films from Hong Kong which are primarily
  modern variations of the martial arts film.
  Because of these roots, Hong Kong action films
  typically center on acrobatics by the protagonist
  while American action films typically feature big
  explosions and modern technology.

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ACTION ADVENTURE SUB-GENRES

• Action drama - Combines action set-pieces with
  serious themes, character insight and/or
  emotional power. This sub-genre can be traced
  back to the origins of the action film. Graham
  Greene's The Third Man was an award-winning
  example of this sub-genre.
• Action comedy - Mixture of action and comedy
  usually based on mismatched partners (the
  standard "buddy film" formula) or unlikely
  setting. The action comedy sub-genre was
  re-vitalized with the popularity of the Lethal
  Weapon series of movies in the 1980s and 1990s.
• Action thriller - Elements of action/adventure
  (car chases, shootouts, explosions) and thriller
  (plot twists, suspense, hero in jeopardy). Many
  of the films of Alfred Hitchcock and the James
  Bond series of films are icons of this popular
  sub-genre.
• Caper/Heist - Protagonists are carrying out
  robbery, either for altruistic purposes or as
  anti-heroes. The film You Only Live Once, based
  on the exploits of Bonnie and Clyde, was one of
  the first examples of this sub-genre.
• Die Hard - Story takes place in limited location
  - single building or vehicle - seized or under
  threat by enemy agents. This sub-genre began with
  the film, Die Hard, but has become popular in
  Hollywood movie making both because of its crowd
  appeal and the relative simplicity of building
  sets for such a constrained piece.
• Science Fiction Action - Any of the other
  sub-genres of action film can be set in a science
  fiction setting. The Star Wars films began the
  modern exploration of this combination of high
  action content with futuristic settings in the
  1970s, based in part on the serials of the 1930s
  and 1940s such as Flash Gordon. An explosion of
  science fiction action films followed in the
  1980s and 1990s.
• Action Horror - As with science fiction action
  films, any sub-genre of action film can be
  combined with the elements of horror films to
  produce what has increasingly become a popular
  action sub-genre in its own right. Monsters,
  robots and many other staples of horror have been
  used in action films. These were particularly
  popular in the 1950s. In the 1980s, Aliens
  introduced movie goers to the potential of a
  hybrid of science fiction, action and horror
  which would continue to be popular to the present
  day.
• Buddy Cop - Two mismatched cops (or some
  variation such as a cop and a criminal) team-up
  as the main protagonists. Major examples are Rush
  Hour, 48 Hrs., Lethal Weapon, and Tango and Cash.
  

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Film Noir
A genre of films characterised by a distinctive
visual style low-key and high-contrast lighting
emphasising light and shadows, and a narrative
focusing on the dark side of human life.
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Inspirational teacher movies

• A teacher that uses original and sometimes
  controversial methods to inspire and get the best
  out of there students, often in the face of
  adversity.

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Musicals

• Musical theatre is a form of theatre combining
  music, songs, spoken dialogue and dance. The
  emotional content of the piece humor, pathos,
  love, anger as well as the story itself, is
  communicated through the words, music, movement
  and technical aspects of the entertainment as an
  integrated whole.

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American High School

• Consists of plots based upon the special
  interests of teenagers such as the coming of
  age, first love, rebellion, conflict with
  parents, bullying etc. They are usually, although
  not exclusively set within an American High
  School.
• Stereotypical characters usually feature quite
  heavily.

10
Rom Com (Romantic Comedy)

• First made popular by the 90s smash hit When
  Harry met Sally followed by a spate of Tom
  Hanks/Meg Ryan films. Very popular among the
  female audience.

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Science fiction

• A genre of film that emphasizes science and the
  empirical method interacting in a social context
  with magic and religion in attempts to explain
  the unknown to man. Often science fiction movies
  involve aliens.

YODA!!!
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WESTERN

• The Western is an American fiction genre,
  predominantly seen in film and television.
• Westerns, by definition, are set in the Western
  United States during the period from the start of
  the American Civil War in 1860 to the end of the
  so-called "Indian Wars" at Wounded Knee in 1890.
  Some westerns incorporate the Civil War.
• Westerns have crossed the US borders
  frequently into Mexico, sometimes into Canada and
  even, famously, into Bolivia. The timeframe is
  stretched even further. The genre includes films
  about the Battle of the Alamo in 1836 and the
  Mexican Revolution as late as 1920. There are
  also westerns which take place in Australia, such
  as Quigley Down Under and The Proposition. The
  Australian relationship with Aboriginals has many
  parallels with the U.S. treatment of Native
  Americans.

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Common themes

• The western film genre often portrays the
  conquest of the wilderness and the subordination
  of nature, in the name of civilization or the
  confiscation of the territorial rights of the
  original inhabitants of the frontier. The Western
  depicts a society organized around codes of
  honor, rather than the law, in which persons have
  no social order larger than their immediate
  peers, family, or perhaps themselves alone.

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Western movies

• A genre in which description and dialogue are
  lean, and the landscape spectacular, is well
  suited to film. Early Westerns were mostly filmed
  in the studio like other early Hollywood movies,
  but when location shooting became more common,
  producers of Westerns used desolate corners of
  New Mexico, California, Arizona, Utah, Nevada,
  Kansas, Texas, Colorado or Wyoming, often making
  the landscape not just a vivid backdrop, but a
  character in the movie. Productions were also
  filmed on location at movie ranches.
• The Western genre itself has sub-genres, such as
  the epic Western, the shoot 'em up, singing
  cowboy Westerns, and a few comedy westerns. The
  Western re-invented itself in the revisionist
  Western.
• Cowboys and gunslingers play prominent roles in
  Western movies. Often fights with Native
  Americans are depicted. In early Westerns, the
  "Injuns" are frequently portrayed as dishonorable
  villains however, many "revisionist" Westerns
  give the natives more sympathetic treatment.
  Other recurring themes of westerns include
  western treks and groups of bandits terrorizing
  small towns such as in The Magnificent Seven.

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BRICOLAGE
THE PROCESS OF DELIBERATELY BORROWING OR
ADAPTING SIGNS OR FEATURES FROM DIFFERENT STYLES
OR GENRES TO CREATE A NEW MIXTURE OF MEANINGS
OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH POSTMODERNISM. Shanghai
Noon- Western/Kung fu/Comedy
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HYBRID TEXTS
Hybrid texts mix and match a range of genres.
They draw on formats that have proven popularity.
At the same time , they also prevent these
formulas from becoming stale. Shaun of the dead-
comedy/horror.
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Fly on the wall documentary

• Fly on the wall is a style of documentary-making
  used in film and television. The name derived
  from the idea that events are seen candidly, as a
  fly on a wall might see them. In the purest form
  of fly-on-the-wall documentary-making, the camera
  crew works as unobtrusively as possible however,
  it is also common for participants to be
  interviewed, often by an off-camera voice.

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POPULAR CULTURE

• Popular culture, sometimes called pop culture,
  (literally "the culture of the people") consists
  of widespread cultural elements in any given
  society.
• It is often dismissed as trashy and
  throwaway in contrast to the perceived
  superiority and demands of high culture such as
  classical music and literature.

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Postmodernism

• Is a term used in a variety of contexts to
  describe social conditions, movements in the
  arts, economic and social conditions.
  Postmodernism in film can loosely be used to
  describe a film in which the audience's
  suspension of disbelief is destroyed, or at the
  very least toyed with, in order to free the
  audiences appreciation of the work, and the
  creators means with which to express it.

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Reality Television

• Those television programmes specifically designed
  to represent ordinary experience, people in real
  life situations, utilising actual or sometimes
  reconstructed scenes of real events.

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Soap Opera Docusoap

• An ongoing, episodic work of fiction, usually
  broadcast on television or radio.

• Are a self-professed form of documentary that
  claim to follow the lives of real people.