Job Hazard Analysis

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Job Hazard Analysis

• Identifying and Eliminating Hazards in the
  Workplace

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Objectives

• Understand the purpose of the Job Hazard
  Analysis.
• Understand the five step process for Job Hazard
  Analysis.
• Demonstrate the ability to complete a Job Hazard
  Analysis.

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The Job Hazard Analysis

• The Job Hazard Analysis process identifies safety
  hazards in the workplace.
• It breaks each job into process steps making it
  easier to identify and eliminate hazards.

Why is a job hazard analysis more effective than
routine supervision and walk around inspections?
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SEVERITY MATRIX

• There are two major factors when determining the
  likelihood of an incident.
• Probability
• of employees exposed
• Frequency and duration of exposure
• Proximity of employees to danger zone
• Severity-(Numbers or letters)
• Not Serious
• Serious
• Fatal

A severity matrix can help companies prioritize
which jobs to analyze first.
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Step 1 Observe The Job

• Observe employees in the regular performance of
  the job.
• Videos, photos, notes, and sketches are good
  tools for recording observations.

It is important that the observer is completely
independent of the work. Ensure that the
employees know the purpose of the observer, and
the dont change any of their usual work
practices.
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Who Should Perform a JHA?

• The Job Hazard Analysis should be completed by
  someone who is familiar with and knowledgeable of
  the process.
• The person should be knowledgeable, but
  objective. People who work frequently on the
  task tend to get comfortable, and can overlook
  hazards others would spot.

Who should complete JHAs at your facility?
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Step 2 Break Job Into Steps

• Each job should be broken down into individual
  steps.
• Make sure that each unique operation has its own
  step.
• Should be written in simple terms that anyone
  could understand.

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Step 3 Describe the Hazards

• Describe the hazards in each process step.
• What could go wrong? What could happen during
  this step?
• Dont forget less thought of hazards, such as
  over-exertion and ergonomics.

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Common Types of Hazards
What other types of hazards exist in your
workplace?
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Step 4 Identify Control Measures

• Identify the control measures for each step in
  the hazard analysis.
• Use the Hierarchy of Controls when evaluating
  options for hazard control.
• Sometimes the best way to eliminate a hazard in a
  job step is to change or eliminate that job step.

Engineering out the hazard or changing the
process is always preferable. PPE should be a
last resort, used if the hazards could not be
removed.
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Dealing with Hazards

• Engineering Controls
• Eliminate the hazard by redesigning, repairing or
  replacing equipment, tools, work stations or
  facilities.
• Placing mechanical guards on cutting equipment is
  an example of engineering controls.

Engineering Controls is the preferred method of
hazard prevention.
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Dealing with Hazards

• Management Control
• Eliminating exposure to the hazard by changing
  the practice, process, or procedure.
• Frequently rotating workers on an assembly line
  to reduce repetitive stress is an example of
  management control.

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Dealing with Hazards

• Personal Protective Equipment
• Does not eliminate the hazard, it provides a
  barrier between the hazard and the employee.
• Should only be used when engineering and
  management controls are not possible.

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Step 5 Review and Implement

• Once the JSA is completed, it should be reviewed
  by someone with authority to implement changes.
• Assessors should follow up to make sure that
  their recommendations have been acted upon.
• The JSAs should be logged and filed for future
  reference.

Who can implement the recommendations from JHAs
at your company?
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Job Hazard Analysis Activity

• Select a common job task at your facility.
• Complete a Job Hazard Analysis for this task.
• Share your results with the class.

How did your JHA differ from others in the class?
Did anyone forget to use the Hierarchy of
Controls?
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SUMMARY

• The Five Steps of a Job Hazard Analysis are
• Observe the work.
• Break the process down into steps.
• Identify hazards of each step.
• Identify control measures for each step.
• Review and implement the JSA.
• A hazard severity matrix can help prioritize jobs
  to be analyzed.
• The Hierarchy Of Controls are
• Engineering Controls
• Management Controls
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Personal Protective Equipment should only be used
  when engineering and management controls cannot
  eliminate the hazard.

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