Semantic Web: Models and Services in Support of escience

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Semantic Web Models and Services in Support of
e-science

• James Hendler
• Maryland Information and Network Dynamics
  Laboratory (MIND)
• Semantic Web Agents Project (SWAP)

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(No Transcript)
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The web is evolving beyond text multimedia,
data, and services
DATA AND PROGRAMS
IMAGES AND DOCUMENTS
(Berners-Lee Hendler, Nature, 2001)
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New Semantic Web Languages

• New SW languages add models to provide mappings
  and structure.
• XML necessary, not sufficient.

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On the Web -- links are critical!
Web page
Any Web Resource
lta href
URIgt
lta hrefhttp//gt
XHTML
On the Semantic WEB -- links are critical!
URI
URI
URI
RDF
RDF is like the web! And
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RDF graphs are like web links
DOC1
ltmindPerson rdfidHendlergt ltmindtitle
jobsProfessorgt ltjobsplaceOfWork
http//www.cs.umd.edugt lt/mindPersongt
Jobs
Mind
Professor
DOC1
Mindtitle
Hendler
Jobs
Web Page http//www
JobsplaceOfWork
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Models on the WEB

• RDF, like the WWW itself, is not separable
• Thinking about the ontologies, without
  considering
• The links to other terms
• The instances that link to them
• The crawling and collecting of ontological
  terminologies
• Is like thinking about the Web without the
  links!!

OtherProfessors
Othertitles
OtherPages
Jobs
Mind
Professor
OtherURIs
DOC1
Mindtitle
Hendler
Jobs
Web Page http//www
JobsplaceOfWork
Otherdescriptions
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These models can help with the big problem
vocabulary mismatches
(Genome World - from Goble, 01)
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Define local, use global
some partial mapping
Distributed,partially mapped, semi-consistent --
but SCALEABLE!
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Also works for database schemas
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..and maps to a web scale!
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SW Portals The MOSAIC of the Semantic Web?
ltXSLT/gt
ltOncogene rdfID"Oncogene, MYB"gtltcodegtC3682lt/code
gtltidgt3683lt/idgt ltFound_In_Organism
rdfID"Human"gtlt/Found_In_Organismgt ltGene_Has_Func
tion rdfID"Gene Transcription"gtlt/Gene_Has_Functi
ongt ltGene_Has_Function rdfID"Transcriptional
Regulation"gtlt/Gene_Has_Functiongt ltIn_Chromosomal_L
ocation rdfID"6q22-q23"/gt lt/Oncogenegt
ltOncogene rdfID"Oncogene NMYC"gt ltcodegtC17656lt/co
degtltidgt17657lt/idgtltFound_In_Organism
rdfID"Human"gtlt/Found_In_Organismgt ltIn_Chromosoma
l_Location rdfID"2p24.1"/gt ltGene_Has_Function
rdfID"Transcriptional Regulation"gt lt/Gene_Has_Fu
nctiongtltGene_Associated_With_Disease
rdfID"Neuroblastoma"gt lt/Gene_Associated_With_Dis
easegtlt/Oncogenegt
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Current Activities
Semantic Web LayerCake (Berners-Lee,
99Swartz-Hendler, 2001)
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W3C Web Ontology Working Group

• Web Ontology Working Group in the W3C Semantic
  Web Activity aimed at extending the semantic
  reach of current XML and RDF meta-data efforts.
  
• History
• DAMLOIL is submitted as a joint committee effort
  published as a W3C note .
• W3C WG Announcement in November 2001 -
  http//lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-rdf-logic/
  2001Nov/0000.html
• Weekly teleconferences started in November 2001
• First Face to Face Meeting - New Jersey (Lucent),
  Jan 02 2nd - Amsterdam April (W3C) 3rd - CA
  (Fujitsu/Stanford host) July 4th in Bristol UK
  (HP Host) Oct.
• Four Working Drafts to date
• Requirements/Use cases - March 2002
• 3 Technical Documents - July 2002

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Membership

• Current Working Group includes over 50 members
  from over 30 organizations.
• Chairs
• J. Hendler, MIND Lab UMCP
• G. Schreiber, Univ. of Amsterdam
• Industry including
• Large companies - Daimler Chrysler, Sun, IBM, HP,
  Intel, EDS, Fujitsu, Lucent, Motorola, Nokia,
  Philips Electronics, Unisys
• Newer/smaller companies - IVIS Group, Network
  Inference, Stilo Technology, Unicorn Solutions
• Government and Not-For-Profits
• US Defense Information Systems Agency,
  Interoperability Technology Association for
  Information Processing, Japan (INTAP) ,
  Electricite De France, Mitre, NIST
• Universities and Research Centers
• University of Bristol, University of Maryland,
  University of Southamptom, Stanford University
• DFKI (German Research Center for Artificial
  Intelligence), Forschungszentrum Informatik,
  Ontoweb
• Invited Experts
• Four well-known academics from non-W3C members
  (Hayes, Heflin, Stein)

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Working Drafts Released

• OWL 1.0 Features
• Short introduction to OWL and its features
• Defines OWL Lite a simpler version
• OWL 1.0 Reference
• Syntax specification
• Difference from previous specs (DAMLOIL)
• OWL 1.0 Abstract syntax
• Notation independent langauge specification
• Basis for future Model Theory

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Future Work
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Converging Visions?
Grid
Semantic Web
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Semantic Grid Services
COMBINE
Open Grid Services Architecture
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Semantic Grid Services
COMBINE
Open Grid Services Architecture
WITH
OWL and DAML-S
Seedling effort
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Web Services

• Most active area of web commerce
  standardization/deployment

The three new groups are chartered through
January 2004. The charter for the XML
Protocol Working Group is expected to be
extended in the next couple of months. The
chair of the Web Services Architecture Working
Group is Chris Ferris ltchris.ferris_at_sun.comgt
of Sun Microsystems. The chair of the Web
Services Description Working Group is Jonathan
Marsh ltjmarsh_at_microsoft.comgt of Microsoft
Corporation. The chair of the Web Services
Coordination Group is David Fallside
ltfallside_at_us.ibm.comgt of IBM.
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Semantics and Service Descriptions
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Semantic Web Service Description
Research at UMCP merging OGSA and DAML-S for
composition.
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Adding modality
Translate my symptoms fromFrench and find me a
pharmacythat has the necessary medicine(then
compute how to get thereand print the
directions)
Print the directions to a pharmacywhich has a
medicine that curesthe symptoms that I will tell
you (in French)
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Adding Complexity
Buy the French version of a book from amazon.fr
and have it sent to Moms address
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Client-side Publishing
Why not let the web do that ??
Fail to Score Table England PR D1 D2 D3
FC Scotland PL D1 D2 D3 Europe ESP FRA
GER ITA to 15-May-02 inclusive Team Pld
FTS FTS 1 Arsenal 38 0 0.0 2 Liverpool 38 4
10.5 3 Manchester United 38 6 15.78 Aston Villa
38 11 28.9
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Logic/Proof
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Distributed Trust
Joint work w/ T. Berners-Lee, D. Connolly, D.
Brickley
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Conclusion

• Semantic Web offers powerful new web technologies
  for e-science and collaboration
• Grid and Internet2 capabilities bring e-science
  community to the web
• Growing emphasis on services and information
  management -- the Semantic Webs key competencies
• Promising long-term research directions
• Information models on the Web/Grid
• Web rules, logic, proofs
• Automated Repurposing
• Distributed Authorization and Trust