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Slavery Compromises

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Monroe's avoidance of political squabbles ... Zachary Taylor, President had resisted compromise (anti-Slave, even though he owns them) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Slavery Compromises


1
Slavery Compromises
  • 1820-1854

2
Missouri Compromise
  • Background
  • The Era of Good Feelings
  • Monroes avoidance of political squabbles
  • After War of 1812, Federalists eliminated as a
    major political force
  • Republicans begin to adopt some former Federalist
    policies
  • Federal for internal improvements
  • tariffs

3
Missouri Compromise
  • Slavery had not been a significant issue since
    the Constitutional Convention
  • Hartford Convention of 1814
  • Reflective of political/economic concerns along
    sectional lines
  • In 1819, Missouri considered in Congress for
    statehood
  • There are 11 slave states, 11 free states

4
Missouri Compromise
  • Missouri would upset the balance in the Senate
  • Conspiracy Theory
  • Every President since Adams was a Virginian.New
    aristocracy???
  • James Tallmadge (RepublicanNY)
  • Proposes that no more slaves be brought into MO,
    and that upon age 25, all slaves there would be
    freed

5
Missouri Compromise
  • Issues
  • South says North conspiring to destroy the Union,
    end slavery
  • North says South trying to extend slavery
  • Henry Clay of Kentucky
  • (Speaker of the House)
  • Worried of talk of disunion, civil war
  • Is the Union falling apart?

6
Missouri Compromise
  • 1st Missouri Compromise
  • At the same time, Maine is seeking admission as a
    state
  • Maine will be admitted as a Free State, MO can be
    added as a Slave State
  • No more slaves in Louisiana Territory
  • MO drafts a Constitution that prohibited FREE
    blacks from entering

7
Missouri Compromise
  • 2nd Missouri Compromise
  • 1821
  • Henry Clay pushes agreement that prohibits MO
    from discriminating against citizens from other
    states
  • But
  • Can Free blacks be citizens in Missouri?
  • Southern Victory?
  • Slavery north of 36o30

8
Missouri Compromise
9
Compromise of 1850
  • Background
  • Wilmot Proviso
  • When Texas, California, New Mexico territories
    added, only TX would have slavery
  • Had been illegal in Mexico
  • Assumed that TX would be the last slave state

10
Compromise of 1850
  • Free Soil Movement
  • Northerners who didnt want slavery extended to
    any new territories
  • Texas had claimed parts of Eastern New Mexico
  • No one likes the idea of a line to the Pacific
    marking where slavery can be legal
  • Northno one should have it
  • SouthCongress cant do it

11
Compromise of 1850
  • Zachary Taylor, President had resisted compromise
    (anti-Slave, even though he owns them)
  • Secession talk among the fire-eaters in the
    South
  • Dies in office, Millard Fillmore more amicable to
    compromise
  • Another series of compromises approved
  • Again, engineered by Henry Clay

12
Compromise of 1850
  • California gets statehood as Free State
  • Popular Sovereignty
  • Territorial status for Utah and New Mexicoget to
    choose for themselves
  • Resolve TX-NM border disagreement
  • Federal Govt assumes Texass debt
  • No more slave trading in D.C.whites can still
    own slaves
  • New Fugitive Slave Law, rigorously enforced

13
Compromise of 1850
14
Kansas-Nebraska Act
  • Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois wants to have a
    trans-continental Railroad, with major terminus
    in Chicago
  • (he owns some land)
  • Southern Democrats wanted a more southerly route
  • Gets railroad money passed by attaching to a bill
    to divide Nebraska Territory into Kansas and
    Nebraska

15
Kansas-Nebraska Act
  • Settlers would have choice whether or not to
    adopt legal slavery
  • Appealing to Southwould allow slavery legally
    above 36o30
  • Had been closed by Missouri Compromise
  • Passed and signed by President Pierce in 1854

16
Kansas-Nebraska Act
  • In effect, it nullifies the Missouri Compromise
  • Creates more sectional tensions in Congress
  • A new party is formed among Northerners and
    Westerners who do not want slavery spread any
    further
  • REPUBLICANS

17
Kansas-Nebraska Act
18
Kansas-Nebraska Act
  • How does this lead to controversy in Congress
    later on?
  • The Lecompton Constitution
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