Overview of Ethernet Hardware and Protocol

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Overview of Ethernet Hardware and Protocol
By www.shopricom.com
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Ethernet Ethernet was developed at Xerox Palo
Alto Research Center, with a motive of connecting
several computers together in a network. It is
widely used in LAN technology .It supports data
transmission rate of 10 Mb/s. Now a days it has
been extended up to 100 Mb/s and 1 Gb/s.
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Ethernet works in the physical and data link
layer. Physical and Data link layer is present
at 1st the 2nd position of the Open Systems
Interconnection (OSI) model .
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Ethernet uses bus or star topology
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To make proper utilization of Ethernet we need
to have Ethernet hardware and Ethernet protocol
both. The upcoming slides will provides you the
details regarding it.
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Ethernet Hardware It can be classified
into three parts. They are listed below
(i)Ethernet Card or
Adapter (ii)Ethernet Cable (iii)Ethernet
Hub
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Ethernet Card or Adapter It is the card which is
installed in each PC. Computer uses this card for
sending data across the network. It is connected
to the computer via Ethernet cables. IBM 10GB
Ethernetis one of the most effective adapters.
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Ethernet Cable It consist of numerous wires. It
is capable of transferring data in both the
direction to and from the computer.
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Ethernet Hub It helps to connect several
computers together in a network. It has multiple
ports. To form a single network segment firstly
it connects Ethernet cable into the unit, and
then joins the other end of the cable to each
computer's NIC.
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Ethernet Protocol It consist of three main
components, such as Ethernet frame, the Physical
Layer and the MAC operation.
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Frame Structures
Ethernet Frame The data packets need to be send
throughout the network is known as Ethernet
frames. The above diagram represent the
structure of a Ethernet frame.
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Physical Layer
The Physical layer is responsible for encoding,
decoding, and synchronizing the data which is
required to be transfer across the network.
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MAC Operation
Ethernet uses CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple
Access with Collision Detection) protocol. It
helps to detect collision between several
transmitting stations. CSMA/CD listen to the
network carefully before sending any data
packets. If any collision occurs, a jam
signal(which is 32-bit binary pattern sends by a
data station)is send to alert other stations.
After a time interval the process continues
smoothly.
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