Counter Terrorism

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Counter Terrorism

• A Military Perspective

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Overview

• My Personal Background
• International Terrorism / Middle East
• Focused on Israel
• Life of Terrorism
• Counter Terrorism
• Offensive
• Defensive
• Punitive
• Discussion

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World Terrorism

• Terrorism is EVERYWHERE
• State sponsored
• State Financed
• Activities include
• Organized crime
• Counterfeiting
• Smuggling

Iraq
Iran
Libya
Sudan
Syria
Lebanon
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Arab Terrorist OrganizationsActive in the Middle
East
Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine
(DFLP) Palestinian   Fatah - Revolutionary
Council (Abu Nidal Organization) Lebanon   Fatah
Tanzim Palestinian   Force
17 Palestinian   Hamas (Islamic Resistance
Movement) Palestinian   Hizballah (Party of
God) Lebanon   Palestine Liberation Front
(PLF) Iraq   Palestinian Islamic Jihad
(PIJ) Palestinian   Popular Front for the
Liberation of Palestine - General
Command Palestinian   Popular Front for the
Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) Palestinian   Popu
lar Struggle Front (PSF) Syria  
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Life with Terrorism

• A Vivid Image

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Counter TerrorismInternational Activity

• UN Resolutions
• General Assembly
• Security Council
• International Treaties / Conventions
• International convention for the suppression of
  terrorist bombings
• Convention on the marketing of plastic
  explosives
• Tokyo convention on offenses and other acts
  committed aboard aircraft
• Hague convention on the suppression of unlawful
  seizure of aircraft
• Convention against the taking of hostages
• Convention on the physical protection of nuclear
  materials
• Terrorist Trials

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Counter TerrorismComponents

• Operative Measures
• Military activities against terrorist targets.
• Defensive
• Activities targeted at stopping and disrupting
  attempted terrorist attacks.
• Punitive Measures
• Legal activity aimed at punishing operatives and
  planners as well as terrorist supporters

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Counter TerrorismGoals

• Minimize the Extents of Terrorist activity and
  its resulting damage
• Focus effort on damaging terrorist organizations
• Target leaders and planners
• Strike at terrorist infrastructure
• Undermine terrorist morale

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Operative Measures

• Aerial bombardments
• Land incursions
• Naval operations
• Pinpoint strikes
• Which one do you use?

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Air Strikes

• Targets
• Command Centers
• Training bases
• Staging areas
• Ammo/equipment depots
• Living quarters
• Military positions
• Bunkers
• Special facilities (Radio stations)

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Air StrikesTerrorist Adaptations

• Make it harder to hit only us Settle where
  there is abundant civilian population.
• If you cant see us, you cant hit us Never
  stay more than is needed in one place.

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Air StrikesAdvantages/Disadvantages

• Readily available
• Does not require long range planning
• Is often inaccurate
• May take innocent lives

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Ground Incursions

• Used primarily in circumstances where aerial
  bombardment is difficult
• Caves
• Well fortified positions
• Proximity to civilian population
• Thick concentration of AAA

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Ground Incursions Advantages/Disadvantages

• Requires Special forces
• More manning, special training, special equipment
• Hazardous
• Often results in much larger campaigns than
  intended

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Naval Attacks

• Used
• Against Enemy naval bases
• As Shore artillery platform
• To counter smuggling (equipment, personnel)

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Naval Attacks Advantages/Disadvantages

• Requires difficult to get intelligence
• Difficult to pinpoint locations/times

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CT Units

• So how do they do it?
• What do they go through (training)
• Can you be one?

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MistaarviimMissions

• Gather intelligence
• Target terrorists Quick raids
• Hostage rescue

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MistaarviimTraining

• Language
• Camouflage
• Urban/Satellite photo Navigation
• Customs, Tradition, behavior
• CQB
• Unarmed combat

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Targeting the Leaders

• Serves a dual purpose
• Punishment for those responsible for the attacks
• Preventing future terror
• Requires
• Precise Intelligence
• Extremely complex Planning
• Flawless execution

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Targeting the LeadersContinued

• Results include -
• Damaging the stability of the terrorist
  organizations
• Increase competition and tensions between
  possible heirs
• Obligate resources to find hiding places for
  leadership protection
• Lowers morale
• Sabotage planned attacks

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Defensive Operations

• Deterrence
• Warning
• Prevention
• Aimed at damaging and disrupting the ability to
  carry out attacks

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Legal Punitive Measures

• Aimed at applying legal measures to punish those
  practicing and aiding terrorist activities
• Deterrence

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A Case Study

• Taibeh Raid - March 3, 2000

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Background Information

• Taibeh - a 35,000 person Israeli-Arab city.
• In March 3, 2000, the Israeli General Security
  Service (SHABACH) received information from
  Palestinian collaborators that a group of
  terrorists is in Taibeh, preparing for major
  attacks against big Israeli cities during the
  weekend.

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The Action

• 0500 - Siege placed on the house,
  and the perimeter is secured
• Since there were no hostages present, there
  wasn't any rush to break in.
• Negotiators started calling the terrorists to
  surrender.
• One of the terrorists comes out and surrendered
  to the security forces.

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The Action Continues

• Few hours later two more terrorists come out one
  holding a suitcase
• Suddenly one of them draws a handgun.
• The unit's operators immediately opened fire,
  killing the two terrorists.
• The suitcase contained an explosive charge, which
  exploded injuring an operator, who was standing
  close to the terrorists.

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Several Hours Later

• After spotting no movement inside the house, a
  trained dog was sent in to search for explosives.
  
• The dog found one charge, which exploded killing
  the dog.
• In order not to risk any more dogs, a police
  Explosives Ordnance Disposal (EOD) robot was sent
  in the house and fired its shotgun at suspicious
  objects.
• When the robot found nothing, more dogs were sent
  in to the house and came out safe, without
  finding explosives.

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Demolishing the house

• At that time, it was decided to bring in an
  armored Israeli Defense Force (IDF) Caterpillar
  D9 bulldozer to destroy the house, burying the
  terrorists alive in the ruins - a standard
  operating procedure when no hostages are present.
  When the bulldozer approached the house, a
  terrorist tried to fire at the driver and was
  taken out by a sniper.

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Storming the House

• After the house was totally demolished,
  operatives stormed the ruins looking for the
  remaining terrorists.
• The operators found two bodies - one belonging to
  the terrorists killed by Unit sniper, and another
  killed during the bulldozer's destroying of the
  house.

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Results

• Total results of the Taibeh raid
• Four terrorists killed
• One terrorist captured alive
• One dog killed
• One lightly injured operative.

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QUESTIONS???