Chapter 3 Section 4 Origins of Judaism

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Chapter 3 Section 4 Origins of Judaism
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(No Transcript)
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• CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
  72-76)
• Reading Guide
•  
• The area of Palestine called _________was the
  ancient home of
• the ____________, later called the Jews.
•  
• Find Canaan on the map on page 73.
• What nation is found at this location
  today?

Canaan
Hebrews
Israel

• The history, legends, and moral laws of
• the Jews have been a major influence on
  Western culture, and began a tradition also
  shared by Christianity and Islam.

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• CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
  72-76)
• Reading Guide
•  
• The area of Palestine called _________was the
  ancient home of
• the ____________, later called the Jews.
•  
• Find Canaan on the map on page 73.
• What nation is found at this location
  today?

Canaan
Hebrews
Israel

• The history, legends, and moral laws of
• the Jews have been a major influence on
  Western culture, and began a tradition also
  shared by Christianity and Islam.

• Give two reasons why the location of
• Palestine was so important

By land, it connected the continents of Africa
and Asia. Its seaports opened onto the most
important waterways, the Mediterranean Sea Red
Sea.
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(No Transcript)
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• CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
  72-76)
• Reading Guide
•  
• The area of Palestine called _________was the
  ancient home of
• the ____________, later called the Jews.
•  
• Find Canaan on the map on page 73.
• What nation is found at this location
  today?

Canaan
Hebrews
Israel

• The history, legends, and moral laws of
• the Jews have been a major influence on
  Western culture, and began a tradition also
  shared by Christianity and Islam.

• Give two reasons why the location of
• Palestine was so important

By land, it connected the continents of Africa
and Asia. Its seaports opened onto the most
important waterways, the Mediterranean Sea Red
Sea.
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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide
Bible

• 5. According to their sacred literature, the
  _______, Canaan (Palestine) was the land promised
  to them by God.
•  
• Jews call the first five books of the Bible the
  _______.
• (Today ___________also respect these sacred
  writings
• as part of the Old Testament of their
  Bible.)
•  
• 7. As in other sacred literatures, the books of
  the Torah describe both
• ?       Some events that really happened, and
• ?       Stories told to ______________________(eti
  ological stories)

Torah
Christians
TORAH Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers,
Deuteronomy
teach important lessons
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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide
8. _________was chosen by God to be the father
of the Hebrew people and promised to give
him land (Canaan).   9. Where did Abraham live?
  10. When did Abraham move his people to
Canaan? 11. When did Abrahams descendents
move again, this time to Egypt?
Abraham
Ur, in Mesopotamia.
Around 2000 B.C.
Around 1650 B.C.
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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide
12. How many gods did the Hebrews (and still
Jews today) have? Does this make them
polytheistic or monotheistic?   13. What
did the Hebrews (Jews) name their God?   14. In
what ways did the Hebrews belief in their God
differ from other peoples of the time?
One
Monotheistic (worship of 1 god)
Yahweh

• a.)     only 1 God, others were polytheistic.
  
• b.)     Not associated with any 1 place, could go
  wherever they went.
• c.)     Believed their god, the one and only, was
  over all peoples,
• not just them.
• d.)     Yahweh was not physical,
• could not make any physical images of
  God

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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide

• 15. The Hebrews believed that Abraham and God
  had entered a
• ________________, which is a mutual
  promise or contract.
•  
• Why did the Hebrews migrate to Egypt in the first
  place?
•  
• 17. Once in Egypt, what happened to them?
• 
  
•  
• 18. When did the Hebrew
  exodus take place?

covenant
Because of a drought / famine in their land
They were forced into slavery.
The Hebrews fled Egypt around
1300-1200 B.C.
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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide

• When did the Hebrew exodus take place?
•  
• 19. Today Jews celebrate the festival of
  ________ to remember the Exodus from Egypt.
•  
• 20. Who led the Hebrews out of slavery
• in Egypt?
•  
• 21. After leaving Egypt, the Hebrews
• wandered for years
• in the Desert.

The Hebrews fled Egypt around 1300-1200 B.C.
Passover
MOSES
forty
Sinai
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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide
21. After leaving Egypt, the Hebrews
wandered for forty years in the Sinai
Desert.   22. While there, Moses climbed to the
top of Mt. Sinai and brought the Ten
Commandments down from the mountain and
delivered them to the people.   23. In
this covenant, God promised to protect the
Hebrews if they obeyed his laws.   24. Look at
the Ten Commandments on p. 74. 1 5 are
concerned with 6 10 deal with
the peoples relationship with God.
the peoples relationship with one another.
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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide

• After wandering in the desert, where did the
  Hebrews return to settle down?
•  
• 26. The Hebrews were organized into
  when they arrived in Canaan. Were these
  self-governing? Or controlled by one ruler?
•  
• 27 In times of emergency they were united and
  led by ,
• one of the most prominent of whom was a woman
  named  
• The 10 Commandments were part of a more detailed
  code of law resembling s Code.
  However, how did the Hebrew law differ?
•  
• The Hebrew prophets emphasized both right
  conduct and worshipping only one God. This
  type of religion is more specifically known as
  what?
•  
• 30. Eventually only the largest tribe, the tribe
  of Judah, would dominate. That is why the
  Hebrews came to be called and their
  religion is known as

Canaan
twelve tribes
Self-governing
judges
Deborah.
Hammurabi
Hammurabis strict laws were softened by
expressions of Gods mercy and forgiveness.
Ethical Monotheism
Jews
Judaism
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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide
31. From 1020 922 B.C. the Hebrew tribes
united under 3 kings and
the new kingdom was called Israel   32. Which of
the three kings established Jerusalem as the
capital?   33. Who was the most powerful of the
Hebrew kings? What did he build?
(Saul, David, and Solomon)
David
Solomon
A great temple
This is an artist's approximation of what King
Solomon's Temple looked like when it was
originally constructed. The building of the
Temple kicked off massive construction efforts
during Solomon's reign that resulted in the
erection of many royal and public buildings. The
Temple, however, remained the center of Jerusalem
until its initial destruction in the sixth
century B.C. by the Babylonians. Rebuilt and
then destroyed a second time by the Romans in 79
A.D.
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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide
31. From 1020 922 B.C. the Hebrew tribes
united under 3 kings and
the new kingdom was called Israel   32. Which of
the three kings established Jerusalem as the
capital?   33. Who was the most powerful of the
Hebrew kings? What did he build?
(Saul, David, and Solomon)
David
Solomon
A great temple
This is an artist's approximation of what King
Solomon's Temple looked like when it was
originally constructed. The building of the
Temple kicked off massive construction efforts
during Solomon's reign that resulted in the
erection of many royal and public buildings. The
Temple, however, remained the center of Jerusalem
until its initial destruction in the sixth
century B.C. by the Romans.
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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide
34. After Solomons death the kingdom divided in
two. was in the north and
was in the south.   35. In 738 B.C.,
both kingdoms began paying a
- a peace money paid by weaker powers to
a stronger power, to the mighty Assyrian
empire. (Locate Assyria on the map, p.
73)   36. But by B.C. the whole northern
kingdom of Israel had fallen to the
Assyrians.   37. The southern kingdom of Judah
fell years later to the
Babylonians.
Israel
Judah
tribute
722
150
38. After the Babylonians conquered the Jews,
what happened to the survivors?
Taken back to Babylon in exile.
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CH 3 Section 4 The Origins of Judaism (pp.
72-76) Reading Guide
36. But by B.C. the whole northern
kingdom of Israel had fallen to the
Assyrians.   37. The southern kingdom of Judah
fell years later to the
Babylonians.
722
150
38. After the Babylonians conquered the Jews,
what happened to the survivors?
Taken back to Babylon in exile.

• How many years before the Jews in exile were
  allowed to return to their homeland?
• 40. Will the Jews be able to take control of
  Palestine for good?

50 years
Other empires will rise and fall in the future
taking control of ancient Palestine as well as
the future destiny of the Jewish people.
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Early History of the Israelites
2000 B.C.Abraham migrates from Ur in Mesopotamia
to Canaan. He founds the
Israelite nation. Israel people of God.
Famine forces Israelites to migrate to Egypt,
where they are enslaved.
Moses leads Israelites out of Egypt the
Exodus receive the 10 Commandments
Israelites enter Canaan, the promised land.
1000 B.C.David unites Israelites into kingdom of
Israel.
Solomon builds capital at Jerusalem, but his rule
inspires revolts.
922 B.C.Kingdom weakens after splitting into
Israel and Judah.
722 B.C.Assyrians conquer Israel.
586 B.C.Babylonians capture Judah Babylonian
Captivity.
Persians conquer Babylon and free the Jews from
captivity.
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Teachings on Law and Morality
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• The laws of the Torah address all aspects of
  life, from cleanliness and food preparation to
  criminal matters.
• Jews believe that God gave them a set of laws
  called the Ten Commandments.
• Jewish prophets, or spiritual leaders, preached a
  code of ethics, or moral standards of behavior.
  For this reason it is a religion known as Ethical
  Monotheism.
• Examples
• The rich and powerful must protect the poor and
  weak.
• All people are equal under God.
• Unlike many ancient people, the Jews believed
  their leaders were fully human and bound by Gods
  law.

Videostreaming Religions of the World
Judaism Sacred Words of Judaism
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SYMBOLS The Magen David
(or as it is more commonly known, the
Star of David) is
the symbol most commonly associated
with Judaism
today, but it is actually a relatively new
Jewish
symbol. It is supposed to represent the shape of
King
David's shield (or perhaps the emblem on it), but
there
is really no support for that claim in any
rabbinic literature. In fact, the symbol is so
rare in early Jewish literature and artwork that
art dealers suspect forgery if they find the
symbol in early works. Some note that
the top triangle strives upward, toward God,
while the lower triangle strives downward, toward
the real world. Some note that the intertwining
makes the triangles inseparable, like the Jewish
people. Some note that there are actually 12
sides (3 exterior and 3 interior on each
triangle), representing the 12 tribes of Israel.
While these theories are theologically
interesting, they have little basis in historical
fact. The symbol of intertwined equilateral
triangles is actually a common one in the Middle
East and North Africa, and is thought to bring
good luck. It appears occasionally in early
Jewish artwork, but never as an exclusively
Jewish symbol. The nearest thing to an
"official" Jewish symbol at the time was the
menorah. The Magen David gained popularity
again as a symbol of Judaism when it was adopted
as the emblem of the Zionist movement in 1897,
but the symbol continued to be controversial for
many years afterward. When the modern state of
Israel was founded in 1949, there was much debate
over
whether this symbol should be used on the
flag.