?????????? (TOC, Theory Of Constraints)

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??????????(TOC, Theory Of Constraints)

• ??? (CPIM)
• kchuang_at_tocgc.com.tw
• November 21, 2005

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????

• ??
• ?? ????????????
• ??? ?????????????????? (??)
• ???????????????? (?????)
• ????
• ?? ???(TOCGC)????????
• ????(TRIZ)?????
• ?????????????
• ?????????????
• ?? (92.0894.02)?????? ?????????????
• (91.0192.08)?????? ??????????
• (85.0690.12)?????? ???????????????
• (79.0885.05)?????/?? ??????????
• (78.0679.08)?????? ??????????

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What is TOC

• A management philosophy developed by Dr. Eliyahu
  M. Goldratt that can be viewed as three separate
  but interrelated areas logistics, performance
  measurement, and logical thinking. Logistics
  includes drum-buffer-rope scheduling, buffer
  management, and VAT analysis. Performance
  measurement includes throughput, inventory and
  operating expense, and the five focusing steps.
  Thinking process tools are important in
  identifying the root problem (current reality
  tree), identifying and expanding win-win
  solutions (evaporating cloud and future reality
  tree), and developing implementation plans
  (prerequisite tree and transition tree)
• APICS Dictionary (11th edition)

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• ??????(Dr. Eliyahu M Goldratt)????????????????????
  ???????(????)????(Constraints),
  ?????????????????????(Theory of Constraints,
  TOC)?
• ???????????TOC?????????????????????????????????,
  ???????, ?????????? (Inherent Simplicity) ??,
  ???????????, ?????????, ?????????????????!

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??????????
6
????? ???????
??????????????, ??????? ??, ???????????????,
????????
???????????, ????????????, ??????? ??,
????????????, ?????????????, ????????
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???????????
???????
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• ???????????????, ????????????. ??????????????,
  ?????, ??????????????????????,
  ?????????????????.
• 
  ...?????

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?????????

• ????????????,????????????,?????????
• ???????????, ???????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????...

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TOC?????

• TOC??
• ????????(Goal)???
• ???????????????(?????)
• ?????????????
• ???????????????(constraint)
• ??, ?????????????????, ????????????

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????????
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??????????
???????,??????????,??????,??????,????(Link)??
??
??
??
??
??
??
End User
???????????????????????????????????(Do the right
thing) ?

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6
??????????? ???????????
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???(Control Cost)??
???????,??????,???????????? ????? ??????????????
?? ????(?????????)??????? ???????????????? ??????
???????? ??????????????? ??????(Links)
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???(Throughput World)??
???????,???????????????????????????????? ????? ?
???????????????? ????????????????? ???????????????
?? ????????????????? ????????????????? ??TOC?????
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TOC?????
1.?????????????(??) ???????????(noise)?? 2.
??????????????????(?????????????????????)
???????????????? 3. ?????????, ????????????
??????????
????TOC?????????????
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TOC?????????????(?)

• ????? (Performance Measurement)
• Throughput (T) ???????? (SP RM)
• Investment (I) ????????
• Operating Expenses (OE)????T ????
• ??(NP) T OE
• ????(ROI) NP/I
• ???T/OE
• TDD (Throughput-Dollar-Day)
• IDD (Inventory-Dollar-Day)

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TOC?????????????(?)

• ???????????????
• ?????? (IDENTIFY the systems constraint)
• ???????????? (Decide how to EXPLOIT the systems
  constraint)
• ???????????????????? (SUBORDINATE everything
  else to the above decision)
• ??????(ELEVATE the systems constraint)
• ?????????????, ?????(If in the previous steps a
  constraint has been broken, GO BACK to step
  1)?????(??)??????

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TOC?????????????(?)

• ????????????Thinking Process
• ??????(What to Change?)
• ??????
• ???????(What to Change to?)
• ??????
• ?????? (How to Cause the Change?)
• ??????

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What to change Current Reality Tree
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What to change to Evaporating Cloud
Clouds Objective ????????
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What to change to Future Reality Tree
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How to cause the change Pre-Requisite Tree
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How to cause the change Transition Tree
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TOC??????

• ??????(Drum-Buffer-Rope)
• ???????(Throughput Accounting)
• ?????(Demand-Pull)
• ????(Critical Chain)
• ??
• ??
• ??????(????????????????????????)

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??????

• ??????
• ?????????
• ???????
• Drum-Buffer-Rope Buffer Management
• ??????
• ????
• ??buffer??
• ????(DRUM)
• ????

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???????

• ?????
• ?????????
• ???????
• ?T, I, OE???
• ?????????????
• ??????
• ?????????????
• ???????????????
• ??????????????

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?????(?????????)

• ?????
• ??????
• ??????
• Demand-Pull Buffer Management
• ??????
• ????????
• ???????????????????
• ??????????Buffer Management
• ?????????????????(???)
• ????MTSMTO???
• ???????TDD/IDD????????

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????

• ?????
• ????--?????????,???????????????(Task)??????
• ???--??????????
• ??????
• ??????????Buffer Management
• ??????
• ?????????????????
• ???????????????
• ?????buffer management??????

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??(Marketing)

• ?????
• ???????????
• ??????
• TOC??????(?????Offer)
• ??????
• ????????
• ???????policies, ??????offer
• ??????????offer
• ????offer?????????offer

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??(Sales)

• ?????
• ????offer????????
• ??????
• TOC ????(buy-in??)
• ??????
• ???offer?buy-in????????
• ??????
• ?? offer

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Buy-in ???
??? ???????????? ??? ?direction of the
solution???? ??? ?solution ???????????????? ???
????????????????? ??? ????????????? ???
??????????????
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??

• If I can find a leverage point, I can move the
  earth .Archimedes
• ????? ????????????

????!!