FDOT Aviation Pavement Inspection Training

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FDOT Aviation Pavement Inspection Training
Florida Department of Transportation Statewide
Pavement Management Program

• Module 2 Pavement Fundamentals Overview

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Purpose (of Pavements)

• To carry traffic
• Safely
• Smoothly
• Efficiently

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Pavement Types

• Rigid
• Flexible
• Composite

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Pavement Types Concrete Surfaced

• Rigid
• Portland cement concrete
• Stabilized or unbound subbase
• Stabilized or natural subgrade

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Pavement Types Asphalt Surfaced

• Flexible
• Asphalt concrete
• Base (stabilized, unbound)
• Subbase (stabilized,unbound)
• Subgrade (stabilized,natural)
• Composite
• Asphalt overlay
• Rigid system

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Pavement Materials

• Rigid materials (Portland cement and
  aggregates)
• Very strong, durable
• Expensive to repair

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Pavement Structural Behavior

• Rigid

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Pavement Materials

• Flexible materials (asphalt cement and
  aggregates)
• Strength affected by temperature
• Relatively easy to repair

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Pavement Structural Behavior

• Flexible

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What is Performance/Failure?

• General Categories of Distress
• cracking, distortion, disintegration, loss of
  skid resistance
• Causes
• Environment
• Swell, blowups (Non-Load, including drainage and
  environmental effects)
• Load (too much traffic or weak structure (or
  both))
• Alligator, corner breaks, joint spalls
• Construction/materials related
• Bleeding, crazing/map cracking

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Why and How Pavements Fail
Weathering Surface Deterioration
Potholes Heaving
Drainage, Subgrade and Base Failure
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Why and How Pavements Fail
Load Associated Failures Cracking, Alligatoring,
Rutting
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Pavement Preservation Concepts

• Right treatment, Right pavement, Right time
• Includes maintenance, rehabilitation and
  reconstruction
• Built upon a Pavement Management System

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Pavement Management.
100
90
80
70
60
Pavement Condition
50
40
30
20
10
0
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Pavement Management ? What Why?

• Decision support tool
• Identifies sections needing treatment
• Allows cost-effective prioritization and
  allocation of resources

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Pavement Management ? Why?

• Planning
• performance prediction
• prioritization
• budgeting
• Maintenance
• identify repair needs
• track effectiveness of repairs

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Elements of a Pavement Management System (PMS)

• Database
• inventory,
• condition,
• traffic,
• maintenance and rehab (MR)
• history, cost
• Analysis Reporting tools

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Factors Indicative of Pavement Condition

• Visible surface distress, smoothness, friction
• Non-Visible load response, material strength,
  environmental effects on materials load-related
  damage

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Measures of Pavement Condition

• Visual condition survey drainage and shoulder
  survey
• Ride quality (smoothness/roughness) measurement
• Safety (skid/friction measurement)
• Structural capacity surface deflection
  measurement

FDOT PMS uses visual condition survey
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PCI for Airports

• ASTM Standard D-5340-04
• 16 years of refinement before selection
• USACE 70s
• FAA
• Accepted as an ASTM Standard Practice

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Components of the Standard

• Distress definitions
• Deduct curves
• PCI Calculation Procedure

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PCI Procedure

• Inspect sample units
• Determine deduct values
• Determine allowable number of deducts (m)
• Compute the total deduct value (TDV)
• Perform the correction for multiple distresses
  (if necessary)
• Compute the PCI for each sample unit (S.U.)
• Calculate area-weighted average the S.U. PCIs
  for the section
• Send to FDOT for entry and PCI calculation

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FDOT Inspections

• Locate SU for inspection use Network Definition
  drawing
• Wheel and paint to identify
• Locate centroid of SU Obtain and record GPS
  coordinates
• Perform distress data collection using PDA
  (handheld) or PenTablet (paper forms always for
  backup)
• No need for curves or calculations all
  computerized

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Network Definition Drawing
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(No Transcript)
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Network Definition Drawing - Detail
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Locate A Specific Sample Unit

• Where is 6105 106 ?
• Measure 300 feet from RW end to SU 106
• Mark corners of begin end of SU
• Measure forward 50 ft to end of SU
• Mark Corners of end of SU

106
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What is a Centroid?
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What is a Centroid?
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Paper Forms
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Paper Forms
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Field Maps and GIS

• Use network definition drawings to locate sample
  units
• Record undocumented new construction
• Modifications to the proposed sampling plan and
  additional sample units.
• If pavement abandoned do not survey
• If new pavement record dimensions, surface type
  and survey during this inspection
• Use of Geographic Information System and the
  global positioning system (GPS) to assist in
  locating sample units (always have wheel for
  backup)

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Safety Considerations During Pavement Inspections

• Safety requirements for personnel conducting
  airside pavement inspections
• Notify airfield prior to arrival
• Check in on arrival
• Ask about local communication and operations
  issues UNICOM radio
• Never one-person survey(make sure someone is
  aware you are on the field and they are watching
  you)

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Data Quality Accuracy and Consistency

• How to maintain quality, accuracy and consistency
  of field inspections?
• Training
• Planning
• Always have the field manual
• Resurvey and compare every day 2-3 SU for each
  person/crew

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Review / Questions?