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Prioritizing Air Sampling Needs at BNL

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Prioritizing Air Sampling Needs at BNL BNL s Approach to Completing an Industrial Hygiene Exposure Baseline Monitoring Program Presented by Robert Selvey – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Prioritizing Air Sampling Needs at BNL


1
Prioritizing Air Sampling Needs at BNL
  • BNLs Approach to Completing an
  • Industrial Hygiene Exposure
  • Baseline Monitoring Program
  • Presented by
  • Robert Selvey
  • BNL Industrial Hygiene Manager
  • November 30 2007

2
Hey Boss, I need to complete an IH baseline
O. K. long awkward pause
3
I mean, WE need to complete an IH baseline
O.K. Get to it!
4
I guess. Whats an IH baseline anyway ?
Thats it ? Get to it ?
5
Conducting exposure surveys of Industrial
Hygiene Hazards on ALL our operations
Eeek !
6
Well, can I have the money and the people ?
For What ?
7
For the IH baseline !!!
You mean it takes resources?
8
Duh !! I mean Yes sir
How much ?
9
Well, its required by DOE OSHA
How much ?
10
You know 10 CFR 851, ISM and stuff like that
How much ?
11
If we dont do it, we wont be in compliance
How much ?
12
We can get PAAA fines
How much ?
13
We can get audit findings
How much ?
14
  • Time goes by Weeks later

15
I have been thinking a lot about the IH Baseline
I vaguely remember
16
You wanted to know about the resources
Oh Yeah, How much ?
17
Is lots close enough ?
What do you think ?
18
How big is this project anyway ?
Ummm
19
Is really big close enough ?
What do you think ?
20
Sigh
Sigh
21
He doesnt get it
He doesnt get it
Disclaimer The preceding presentation was
fictionalized. Any resemblance to actual persons
or organization is strictly coincidental.
22
Prioritizing Air Sampling Needs
  • An Approach to completing an
  • Industrial Hygiene
  • Exposure Baseline Monitoring Program
  • Getting Managements commitment for the resources
  • Conducting a really big, technical project in a
    way that is achievable

23
What was the process BNL used to quantify the
how much and what to sample ?
The mysterious black box of priority, funding,
and resources
Need to get MANAGEMENT to do things it
FINANCIALLY hurts to do
The Product Completed Baseline Survey
The Need Exposure Monitoring
Tools to determine the SIZE of the need
Tools to PLAN what to monitor
Tools to DIRECT PROGRESS on the project
24
Getting management do things it financially hurts
to do
  • Approaches
  • Its required by regulations.
  • Its the right thing to do- its impacts peoples
    lives.
  • It reduces liability.
  • It will save money in the long run (ROI).
  • We got an audit finding, it must be corrected.
  • Approaches
  • The project was added to a Deficiency Reporting
    System (NTS) that has accountability by senior
    management.
  • The project was added to high level Strategic
    Planning Improvement Commitments (Site Business
    Plan).
  • It was linked to a program already understood by
    senior management (ISM).
  • It became a fix in a larger corrective action
    plan (10CFR851 Gap Analysis).

We inserted our need into the things senior
managers understand and are tracking
25
Feedback and ImprovementIndustrial Hygiene
Baseline Monitoring- What is the right program ?
10CFR851 Section 6 Contractor must
implement Initial or baseline surveys and
periodic resurveys and/or exposure monitoring as
appropriate of all work areas or operations to
identify and evaluate potential worker health
risks.
10CFR851 Section 6 Contractor must
implement Initial or baseline surveys and
periodic resurveys and/or exposure monitoring as
appropriate of all work areas or operations to
identify and evaluate potential worker health
risks.
Everything gets monitored
10CFR851 Section 6 Contractor must
implement Initial or baseline surveys and
periodic resurveys and/or exposure monitoring as
appropriate of all work areas or operations to
identify and evaluate potential worker health
risks.
Only the big stuff gets monitored
26
Feedback and ImprovementIndustrial Hygiene
Baseline Monitoring
10CFR851 Section 6 Contractor must
implement Initial or baseline surveys and
periodic resurveys and/or exposure monitoring as
appropriate of all work areas or operations to
identify and evaluate potential worker health
risks.
Everything gets monitored
AIHA A Strategy for Assessing and Managing
Occupational Exposures Ideal strategy for
defining the exposure profile ... monitor each
workers exposure each day generally not
possible, a subset of workers and days is
chosen
Representative Sampling Approach
BNL Everything every type of operation gets
monitored using a Representative Sampling Approach
27
Making the program technically sound to regulators
  • Fundamental Guidance Documents

AIHA A Strategy for Assessing and Managing
Occupational Exposures NIOSH Occupational
Exposure Sampling Strategy Manual
We balanced the cost to implement (i.e. reality)
with performance based regulator expectations
by giving BNL a Risk based prioritization of
representative sampling. The highest risk gets
monitored first.
28
The process in use at BNL
  • Action 1
  • BNL IH SMEs envisioned what the final
    acceptable product should be statistically
    valid, representative sampling of all exposure
    scenarios- facility operations, services, and
    science.
  • BNL IH SMEs created a program and developed
    options for the line organizations to use.
  • Action 2
  • The IH SMEs met with the line organization to
    explain the program and give them options to meet
    a commitment They would complete an IH baseline.
  • The size of the effort in each organization was
    determined by the line organization.
  • The resources needed to met the size of the
    effort for each organization was calculated.
  • Action 3
  • The search for the funds to implement the program
    was done.
  • Multiple pathways are being used- existing IH
    staff (reassigned), newly trained technicians,
    line organization staff, contractors.

29
Feedback and ImprovementIndustrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- Technical Part of the Project
  • Step 1 Define Scope Identify Hazard
    Categories- Done by the site IH SMEs
  • Welding/Cutting/Brazing
  • Noise
  • Silica
  • Asbestos
  • Beryllium
  • Biohazards
  • Cadmium
  • Chemicals
  • Heat Stress
  • Lead
  • Radiofrequency (RF/MW)
  • Reproductive Hazards
  • Soldering
  • Static Magnetic Fields
  • Confined Space
  • Lasers
  • Ergonomics
  • Excluded
  • Bloodborne Pathogens
  • Indoor Air Quality

30
Feedback and Improvement Industrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- Scope
  • Step 1b Create a Monitoring Priority for the
    site- Done by the site IH SMEs
  • Welding/Cutting/Brazing
  • Noise
  • Silica
  • Asbestos
  • Beryllium
  • Biohazards
  • Cadmium
  • Chemicals
  • Heat Stress
  • Lead
  • Radiofrequency (RF/MW)
  • Reproductive Hazards
  • Soldering
  • Static Magnetic Fields
  • Confined Space (handled on an entry event basis
    by line organizations)

Monitoring Planned (Representative Sampling,
based on exposure potential rating Feedback
from previous monitoring)
31
Feedback and ImprovementIndustrial Hygiene
Baseline Monitoring- Overview
32
Feedback and Improvement Industrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- Resource Determination
Step 2 IH Matrix Identification of Hazards the
applicability in each department Used in the
initial conceptualization of the program Has
be replaced with other databases and is not
maintained
  • What this Tool did
  • Let line organizations senior managers grasp the
    size of the needs in their area / operations.
  • Educated them on what Industrial Hygiene is.

33
Feedback and Improvement Industrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- Resource Determination
  • Step 3 The IH SMEs developed the IH Needs
    Calculator, an Excel spreadsheet to further
    define the RESOURCES required for regulatory
    compliance.
  • For each line organization and each hazard
    category, an entry was made for
  • number of monitoring events x estimate of
    time for each event
  • RESOURCES NEED FOR EACH DEPARTMENT
  • With existing personnel, the IH Needs Calculator
    estimated 11 years to conduct full
    characterization. -Rejected by Management -
  • The IH Needs Calculator was used to estimate the
    number of new term FTE to complete the program in
    5 years, 2 years, and 1 year.
  • Senior management selected and committed
    resources for 2 year completion.
  • What this Tool did
  • Allowed the line organization and site senior
    managers to know the amount of resources needed
    to characterize their operations and the site.
    They could choose to
  • Do it themselves with their staff.
  • Rely on the overhead service providers.
  • Buy their own expert.
  • Accept the risk.

34
Feedback and ImprovementIndustrial Hygiene
Baseline Monitoring- IH Needs Calculator
Step 3 Estimate of the resource needs (per
line organization) of monitoring events (not
total samples) needed to characterize
exposure Determined the resource (personnel
hours) to conduct monitoring reporting. Has
be replaced with other databases and is not
maintained
  • Estimate was made for number of events for
  • Source inventory
  • Area Characterizations- air and surface sampling
  • Inventory of exposed workers
  • Personnel Exposure monitoring events

35
Feedback and Improvement Industrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- IH Scheduler
  • Step 4. The IH Scheduler is a tool BNL developed
    (Access database) to define Exposure
    Characterization, Hazard Ranking and Sampling
    Frequency.
  • The IH Scheduler
  • lists planned and completed monitoring events.
  • assigns a health risk to each events to be
    monitored.
  • establishes the frequency for routine monitoring
    events based on the risk.
  • determines the date of next monitoring event.
  • documents the resource to conduct monitoring (by
    name and estimate hours per event).
  • It is maintained by line organization units and
    contains
  • Location of the hazard
  • Operation
  • Hazard (e.g. noise, chemicals)
  • Risk Rating
  • Date of Sampling
  • Monitoring Resource
  • What this Tool does
  • Targets the higher hazards operations
  • Gives attention to PROACTIVE monitoring

36
Feedback and Improvement Industrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- IH Scheduler
BNL Risk Ranking - Exposure Monitoring Data
  • Exposure Potential is based on
  • Historic Monitoring Data- feedback
  • Recently Completed Monitoring- feedback
    (re-assign rating as needed)
  • Professional Judgment Estimate of an IH
    Professional (based on quantity in use, vapor
    pressure, potential for aerosolizing, engineering
    controls, etc.)

37
Feedback and Improvement Industrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- IH Scheduler
Location
Hazard Risk
Resources Time
  • IH Scheduler
  • Identifies specific tasks to monitor-
    organization and location
  • Assesses the hazard and risk
  • Tracks sample date information
  • What is Tool does
  • Allows tracking of the status of
  • monitoring completed versus-
    monitoring needed.
  • Plan for future monitoring based on risk

38
Feedback and Improvement Industrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- Status
  • How is BNL doing on completing the baseline
  • IH Scheduler is tracking 600 monitoring events
    (1 per day for 2 yr project). At 13 months, the
    project is 45 complete.
  • 7.5 FTE assigned at least part time to the
    project (from the central IH office).
  • 1.5 FTE are participating from line organization
    or other service providing groups.
  • BNL has hired an IH Monitoring Contractor to
    supplement these resources.
  • BNL committed to completing 1 round of sampling
    by the Close of FY08.
  • If resources remain as committed- BNL will meet
    the project completion date.

39
Feedback and Improvement Industrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- Status
  • Details on the IH Monitoring Contractor
    supplementing existing staff
  • Best Value Contract A nationally recognized
    expert with extensive experience in research lab
    environment IH monitoring and hazard assessments.
  • Scope Of Work
  • Contractor interacts directly with departments to
    establish monitoring schedules, conduct
    monitoring prepare employee notification of
    monitoring results and individual project
    reports.
  • Contractor reviews all ESRs to determine need for
    IH monitoring 200 ESRs.

40
Feedback and Improvement Industrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- Status
  • Contractors Progress
  • FY07 May-September
  • 59 monitoring events completed in 4 months (about
    0.75 event per day)
  • Small quantities of chemicals in small science
    labs manipulated in hoods (Primary emphasis)
  • Area/Personal Noise monitoring for plant
    engineering
  • Area surveys for mercury in old labs
  • Surface wipe sampling around balances and
    soldering stations
  • Feedback Barriers to performance by a contractor
    hired for a limited period
  • Difficulty in catching work in progress in
    bench scale science.
  • ADS funding process releases money too late in
    the year funds only arrive in the Summer, the
    season for grant proposal writing, vacations,
    etc.

41
Feedback from bench scale research exposure
monitoring
  • It is a difficult to capture exposure monitoring
    data on this type of work
  • Little advanced notice is provided by
    researchers.
  • Work is highly temporal in nature.
  • Work is highly variable in what is done on any
    given day.
  • Work changes nearly every day.
  • Interval between similar operations being
    conducted can be very long.
  • Duration of most operation is typically minutes,
    making collecting adequate sample volume
    difficult.
  • Subjective
  • Faking work (i.e. simulations for the sake of
    collecting data) is blasphemy for most
    researcher.
  • The researcher who get safety are usually
    willing and easy to monitor, those that view
    safety as a necessary evil are more difficult
    to successfully connect up with for monitoring.

42
Feedback and Improvement Industrial Hygiene
Sampling Needs- Status
  • IH Monitoring Contractor
  • Phase 1 Monitoring in Small Science Final
    Report
  • Without exception, bench scale chemistry work
    exposures did not approach ACGIH, BNL and /or
    OSHA exposure limits for chemical tasks performed
    within functioning chemical fume hoods.
  • Future Sampling priority would likely be low
    for compounds with vapor pressure up to 200-mm
    mercury and quantities up to 6-liters when used
    in a chemical fume hood or a closed system.
  • An exception could include a material with a
    very low exposure limit, i.e., 1-ppm or less, and
    reasonably high vapor pressure, i.e., 100-mm of
    mercury, when handled in quantities greater than
    100-mls.
  • Conclusion BNL draws for this effort
  • An independent ESH expert on laboratory-scale
    science confirms the logical expectation that
    bench-scale experimentation exposures are low.
  • BNL will now target the bulk of our monitoring
    resources (when staffing drop in FY09) on
    facility operations, services and
    construction, with a continued but lower
    emphasis on bench scale science.

43
Conclusions
  • IH Baseline Project
  • SMEs answered managements question of How Much
    - FTE / time frame.
  • SMEs packaged the project into programs the
    senior managers were already tracking.
  • Line organizations understood their needs and
    commitment.
  • Creativity was used to fund the program by
    multiple pathways.
  • Prioritizing IH Monitoring Needs
  • A representative sampling, risk based sampling
    strategy is used- that makes the program
    realistic, attainable, and justifiable.
  • Feedback was constantly used to refine both
    processes-
  • Revised resource estimates.
  • Revised risk rankings.
  • Revised planned date of future monitoring events.
  • New operations were constantly added as more
    field work discovered needs.

44
  • Thank you for your attention
  • Questions??
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