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Introduction to the Mega City & the Global City

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Introduction to the Mega City & the Global City How did Industrial Revolution create a push towards Urbanization? In 1800 only 3% of the world s population lived in ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Introduction to the Mega City & the Global City


1
Introduction to the Mega City the Global City
2
How did Industrial Revolution create a push
towards Urbanization?
  • In 1800 only 3 of the worlds population lived
    in cities.
  • By end of 20th Century, 47 did so.
  • In 1950, there were 83 cities with populations
    exceeding one million but by 2007, this had
    risen to 468

3
Continued
  • The Industrial revolution kick started the city
    growth by
  • Improving food availability better roads,
    trains and trucks
  • Movement of jobs no longer were people working
    the land, now factories were being built in the
    cities, thus a migration from rural areas to
    cities, mechanization of machines eliminates
    manual labour
  • Elimination of the health risks the industrial
    revolution improved handling of sewage/ garbage
    and also provided safe drinking water less
    deaths and greater population densities

4
Continued
  • Mass transit the travel distance between people
    was reduced by subways and street.
  • No more walking to work living greater
    distances from work

5
Mega Cities Are
  • Urban areas with populations greater than 10
    million people
  • Rapidly growing
  • Characterized as having high levels of poverty,
    crime and high levels of social fragmentation.
  • A mega city can be a single metropolitan area or
    two or more metropolitan areas that converge upon
    one another.

6
Mega Cities Around the World
  • In 1950, New York was the only urban area with a
    population of over 20 million.
  • Currently 24 Mega Cities in the world
  • Top 5 Mega Cities
  • 1. Tokyo, Japan - 28,025,000 2. Mexico City,
    Mexico - 18,131,000 3. Mumbai, India -
    18,042,000 4. Sáo Paulo, Brazil - 17, 711,000
    5. New York City, USA - 16,626,000

7
Canadian Mega Cities
  • The 1990s, the forced amalgamation of several
    municipalities created what was labeled a mega
    city by the media
  • None of the municipalities actually fit the
    definition of a mega city
  • Examples include
  • Halifax - the cities of Halifax and Dartmouth and
    surrounding municipalities were merged in 1996
    into the HRM, often called a "mega city," with a
    total population of 360 000.
  • Toronto - In 1998 the municipalities that
    constituted the Municipality of Metropolitan
    Toronto were merged into a new City of Toronto,
    currently the largest of the Canadian cities,
    with a population of 2,503,281 in 2006. The
    Greater Toronto Area (or GTA) had a population of
    5,555,912 in 2006.

8
Global Cities
PRESTIGE STATUS POWER INFLUENCE
  • Economic
  • -Capital/money
  • centre
  • Large corporation headquarters
  • Political
  • - National seat of democratic government
  • Headquarters of major governing bodies
  • Cultural
  • Excellence in arts and entertainment
  • Rich heritage
  • Prestigious universities and research institutes
  • Museums
  • Demographic
  • Large population
  • Many well educated people
  • Ethnic diversity
  • Technological
  • Good access
  • by air
  • State of the
  • art communication
  • - Centre of research and development

QUALIFYING ATTRIBUTES
9
A Few More Characteristics
  • International, first-name familiarity Paris NOT
    Paris, France
  • Active influence on and participation in
    international events and world affairs - New York
    City is home to the United Nations headquarters
    complex
  • A fairly large population of at least one
    million, typically several million
  • several international cultures and communities
    such as a Chinatown, Little Italy

10
Just to Name a Few
  • London
  • New York City
  • Paris
  • Tokyo
  • San Francisco
  • Sydney
  • Toronto
  • Zürich

11
Push Factors
  • The poverty and living conditions in the rural
    areas actually push people from the rural to the
    urban settings. They move in hopes of finding
    better living conditions.
  • In the MDCs the rural areas are usually more
    attractive places to live than in the LDCs. Some
    find there are fewer services in the rural areas.
  • Negative
  • Giving up clean air, peaceful environment.

12
Pull Factors
  • The skyscrapers, freeways and excitement are
    equally attractive in both the LDCs and MDCs.
    Dont forget the work opportunities in the urban
    LDCs and MDCs. Both have the opportunity of
    better education, jobs and better medical
    facilities.
  • Negatives
  • They also offer less desirable opportunities such
    as landfill scavenging, and begging for money on
    the overcrowded streets.
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