Incident Command and Unified Command

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Incident Command and Unified Command
Phone [phone] Fax [phone] E-mail
hazmat_at_iuoeiettc.org
1293 Airport Road Beaver, WV 25813
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• This material was produced under grant number
  46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health
  Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It
  does not necessarily reflect the views or
  policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor
  does mention of trade names, commercial products,
  or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S.
  Government.

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Objectives

• What it is and is not
• What it looks like
• When is it used
• Who uses it
• How it works

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Background

• September 11, 2001 identified the need to unify
  national resources in responding to domestic
  emergencies
• Issued Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5
  (HSPD-5) which
• Called for a National Response Plan (NRP) to
  integrate Federal Government, domestic
  prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery
  plans into one all discipline, all hazards plan
  under the authority of the Secretary of Homeland
  Security
• Creation of a National Incident Management System
  (NIMS) which has the ICS/UCS as a component

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What is ICS/UCS?

• The model tool for the command, control and
  coordination of resources at the scene of an
  emergency
• A management tool consisting of procedures for
  organizing personnel, facilities, equipment and
  communications at the scene of an emergency

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ICS

• A standardized on-scene emergency management
  concept
• Organization tailored to meet incidents demands
• One incident commander handling the command
  function as an individual with multiple planning
  inputs
• One agency has jurisdiction

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UCS

• A standardized on-scene emergency management
  concept
• Organization tailored to meet incidents demands
• Multiple Command-Level personnel handling the
  Command function through mutual agreement over
  incident objectives
• More than one agency has jurisdiction

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ICS/UCS is NOT

• A means to wrestle control or authority from
  agencies or departments that participate in a
  response
• A way to subvert the normal chain of command
  within a department or agency
• Always managed by the fire department
• Too big and cumbersome to be used in small events

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Agencies endorsing ICS use

• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
• FEMAs National Fire Academy (NFA) has adopted
  ICS as model for fire services
• FEMAs Urban Search and Rescue Response System
  for on site management
• NFPA Standard 1405 (Land Based Firefighters
  responding to marine vessel fires)
• OSHA requires all government and private
  organizations that handle hazardous materials use
  ICS
• NFPA Standard 1500 states all departments
  establish procedures for use of ICS
• EPA rules require non-OSHA states use ICS at
  hazardous materials incidents
• Some States now require the use of emergency
  management systems based on ICS. New York has
  mandated ICS through an Executive Order.

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How are incidents managed on scene

• Most emergency incidents-whether a chemical
  spill, explosion, house fire, or utility outage,
  or disasters such as tornadoes, earthquakes, or
  terrorist events-require a response from a
  variety of agencies

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First Responder

• Personnel who arrive first at the scene of an
  incident and begin taking immediate actions to
  save lives, protect property and meet basic human
  needs
• Generally thought of as being from the public
  safety community, historically, it involves
  personnel at the site during the time the
  incident begins and frequently alerts public
  safety community to respond

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Second Responder

• Personnel who are summoned to the early phase of
  an incident because of
• A special talent, skill or trade
• An existing aid agreement, collective bargaining
  agreement or memorandum of understanding-OR
• Personnel assigned to the clean-up and recovery
  phase of an incident

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Incident Command Structure
Incident Command
Finance/ Administration Section
Logistics Section
Operations Section
Planning Section
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Definitions

• Incident commander (IC)-is usually the highest
  ranking first responder (e.g. police, fire, etc)
• Responsibilities are to establish the command,
  protect life and property, control personnel and
  equipment resources, maintain accountability for
  responders and public safety and act as liaison
  to outside agencies
• As incidents develop, IC may delegate functions
  to information officer, safety officer or liaison
  officer

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Definitions (continued)

• Planning Section-documents status of resources
  and develops Incident Action Plan (IAP, which
  defines response activities and resource
  utilization)
• Operations Section-carries out the response
  activities defined in the IAP
• Logistics Section-provides the facilities,
  services, materials and personnel needed to
  operate equipment
• Finance/Administration Section-tracks incident
  costs and reimbursement accounting

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Components of the ICS

• Unified Command Structure
• Modular Organization
• Integrated Communications
• Common Terminology
• Consolidated Action Plans
• Manageable Span of Control
• Pre-designated Facilities/Staging Areas
• Comprehensive Resource Mgmt

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Operations Section

• Operations Officer
• Coordinates with Command of all strategic
  decisions
• Develops all tactics to complete assigned
  objectives
• Assignment of all line crews (fire, EMS, hazmat
  etc)
• Communicates operations activities to the IC
• Manages all resources in the staging areas

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Role of Second Responder under ICS/UCS

• Second responders are called to the early phase
  of an incident because of
• Special talent, skills or trade
• An existing mutual aid agreement, collective
  bargaining agreement, or a memorandum of
  understanding or
• Personnel assigned to the clean-up and recovery

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Role of Second Responder Under ICS/UCS

• Planning or Operations Section identify the
  second responder skills or services
• Logistics/Finance-Administration Section obtain
  services
• Second Responders are assigned to the Operations
  Section
• Directly to the operation chief or
• One of the group or
• Division Leaders

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Unified Command

• When the magnitude of the crisis exceeds the
  resources of the local IC, and multiple
  jurisdictions are required to resolve the
  situation, ICS evolves into a Unified Command
  (UC)
• It is an expansion of the ICS
• A multi agency command post is established,
  incorporating officials with jurisdictional
  responsibilities at the incident scene

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NETL Command Structure
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Conclusions

• An Emergency Response Plan (ERP) for a facility
  or operation identifies how emergencies will be
  managed
• ICS is a component
• ICS can be used to manage local incidents
• And if the need arises, manage expanding
  emergencies

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• This material was produced under grant number
  46C5-HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health
  Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It
  does not necessarily reflect the views or
  policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor
  does mention of trade names, commercial products,
  or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S.
  Government.

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END

• This publication was made possible by grant
  numbers 5 U45 ES06182-13 AND 5 U45 ES09763-13
  from the National Institute of Environmental
  Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH. Its contents are
  solely the responsibility of the authors and do
  not necessarily represent the official views of
  the NIEHS, NIH.