Sun

1
Sun Heat Related Injuries
2

• Sunburn
• Heat Rash
• Heat Cramps
• Heat Exhaustion
• Heat Stroke/Sun Stroke
• Dehydration

3
Sunburn

• Ultraviolet radiation damage to skin cells
  causing redness, pain, blisters, fever, headaches
  and/or swelling. Long term effects can include
  development of wrinkles and skin cancer.

4
Sunburn Prevention

• Use sunscreen with SPF of 15 or greater. Reapply
  after swimming or sweating and every two hours
  during exposure.
• Wear protective clothing including hat
  sunglasses with 100 UV protection.
• Avoid being in the sun during peak hours.
• Avoid sunlamps and tanning beds

5
Sunburn Treatment

• Cool compresses to affected area cool bath or
  shower
• Aloe Vera lotion
• Increase fluid intake
• Get out of the sun!!!
• Nonprescription analgesics (e.g. Tylenol, Motrin
  etc.) for pain relief, fever or chills
• Cover blisters with dry sterile dressing

6
Extra Cautions

• Do NOT use butter or oily substances to treat
  burns
• Do NOT burst blisters
• See a doctor for extensive burns or blisters or
  high fever

7
Heat Rash

• Heat rash is also known as prickly heat. It is
  caused by a blockage of the sweat glands. It is
  a rash of tiny fluid filled blisters surrounded
  by red bumps or red areas. It can become itchy.

8
Heat Rash Prevention Treatment

• Wear cool clothing
• Stay in a cool environment
• Apply powder to sensitive areas
• Keep skin clean dry

• Move to a cooler environment
• Apply cool compresses
• Loosen or remove clothing
• Use over-the-counter ointments

9
Heat Cramps

• Painful involuntary muscle spasms during heavy
  exercise in a hot environment. They
  predominantly affect calves, arms, abdominal and
  back muscles. Heat cramps are caused by
  inadequate fluid intake and electrolyte
  imbalances.

10
Heat Cramp Prevention

• Eat a well balanced diet
• Drink plenty of fluids before, during and after
  activities
• Wear cool clothing
• Take regular breaks to cool off

11
Heat Cramp Treatment

• Drink plenty of fluids (e.g. water or sports
  drinks)
• Rest and cool down
• Gently stretch affected muscles
• Do range of motion exercises
• Gently massage cramped muscles

12
DehydrationHeat ExhaustionHeat StrokeSun
Stroke
13
Dehydration

• Significant loss of water in the body causing the
  body to no longer function properly. Can be
  caused by vomiting diarrhea, use of certain
  medications such as diuretics or laxatives, and
  lots of physical activity in a hot environment.
  It can also cause an electrolyte imbalance.

14
Symptoms of dehydration

• Feeling dizzy or lightheaded
• Having a dry or sticky mouth
• Producing less urine or dark urine
• Feeling thirsty NOT an EARLY warning sign

15
Heat ExhaustionHeat/Sun Stroke

• Bodys inability to keep itself cool. Heat
  exhaustion is a precursor to heat or sun stroke.

16
Symptoms of Heat Exhaustion

• Heavy sweating but skin may be cool (pale or
  flushed)
• Normal to elevated body temperature
• Weakness, fainting, exhaustion or dizziness
• Nausea vomiting
• Rapid but weak heartbeat
• Heat cramps
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Dark urine

17
Symptoms of Heat Stroke and/or Sun Stroke

• Extreme heat Exhaustion
• Symptoms the same as heat exhaustion only more
  advanced
• Altered levels of consciousness including
  confusion, fainting coma
• Seizures
• High Fever
• Can lead to death
• Medical emergency get immediate treatment

18
Prevention

• Wear lightweight, light colored, loose fitting
  clothes
• Wear a hat or use an umbrella
• Use sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher and reapply
• Be aware of any medications you are taking that
  may increase sensitivity to heat or sun
• Take frequent breaks to cool down even if you
  feel fine

19
Prevention

• Drink plenty of fluids before, during and after
  events (particularly water or sports drinks)
• Take in fluids every 15-20 minutes even if you
  dont feel thirsty
• Schedule outdoor activities in the cooler parts
  of the day
• Hottest times are 1000 1600

20
Extra Cautions

• Avoid Energy drinks or drinks with Caffeine
  cause dehydration
• Eat well balanced meals on a daily basis not just
  on days with high activity or risk
• Avoid re-exposing yourself to a heat injury if
  you have had one in the last week.

21
Treatment

• Move to a cool location
• Loosen or remove clothing
• Give ½ glass of cool water, juice or sports
  drinks every 15 minutes unless nauseated
• Apply cool wet compresses
• Seek medical attention for vomiting, fainting,
  seizures, or high fever.

22
Other

• An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.