AntiGlobalization Another Type of Globalization

1
Anti-Globalization--Another Type of Globalization

• Yingxia Hou
• Peng Chen

2
Agenda

• Definition and influence of Globalization
• Pros and Cons of Globalization
• Definition, movements and causes of
  Anti-globalization
• Why anti-globalization?
• Example victims of globalization
• Conclusions and recommendations

3
What is Globalization?

• Increasing global connectivity.
• Integration and interdependence in the economic,
  social, technological, cultural, political, and
  ecological spheres.
• An umbrella term and is perhaps best understood
  as a unitary process inclusive of many
  sub-processes that are increasingly binding
  people and the biosphere more tightly into one
  global system.

4
The influence of globalization

• Industrial - emergence of worldwide production
  markets and broader access to a range of goods
  for consumers and companies.
• Financial - emergence of worldwide financial
  markets and better access to external financing
  for corporate, national and subnational
  borrowers.
• Economic - realization of a global common market,
  based on the freedom of exchange of goods and
  capital.

5
The influence of globalization

• Political - Political globalization is the
  creation of a world government which regulates
  the relationships among nations and guarantees
  the rights arising from social and economic
  globalization.
• Social - the achievement of free circulation by
  people of all nations.
• Informational - increase in information flows
  between geographically remote locations.

6
The influence of globalization

• Cultural - growth of cross-cultural contacts
  cultural diffusion "world culture".
• Ecological- the advent of global environmental
  challenges that can not be solved without
  international cooperation, such as climate
  change, cross-boundary water and air pollution,
  over-fishing of the ocean, and the spread of
  invasive species.

7
Pros and Cons of Globalization

• Pros
• Productivity grows more quickly when countries
  produce goods and services in which they have a
  comparative advantage. Living standards can go up
  faster.
• Global competition and cheap imports keep a lid
  on prices, so inflation is less likely to derail
  economic growth.
• An open economy spurs innovation with fresh ideas
  from abroad.
• Accelerated the development and innovation of
  technology and communication

8
Pros and Cons of Globalization

• Cons
• Millions of westerns have lost jobs due to
  imports or production shifts abroad. Most find
  new jobs that pay less.
• Millions of others fear losing their jobs,
  especially at those companies operating under
  competitive pressure.
• Workers face pay-cut demands from employers,
  which often threaten to export jobs.
• Service and white-collar jobs are increasingly
  vulnerable to operations moving offshore.
• western employees can lose their comparative
  advantage when companies build advanced factories
  in low-wage countries, making them as productive
  as those at home.

9
Other faces of Globalization

• Globalization Imperialism
• Globalization Americanization
• Globalization Delocalization
• Globalization Multinational corporations
• Globalization Branding
• Globalization the rich gets richer, the poor
  gets poorer

10
What is anti-globalization?

• The political attitude of people and
  organizations that resist certain aspects of
  globalization.
• social movements
• participants are united in opposition to the
  political power of large corporations
• Self-consciously internationalist, organizing
  globally an advocating for the cause of oppressed
  people around the world

11
Anti-globalization Movements

• J18
• June 18, 1999
• London, UK Eugene, Oregon
• Seattle/N30
• November 30, 1999
• 5,000 protesters blocked delegates entrance to
  WTO meetings in Seattle
• Protesters forced the cancellation of the opening
  ceremony and lasted the length of the meeting
  until December 3
• Genoa
• July 18 July 20, 2001
• Biggest anti-globalization gathering in
• history, 250,000 protesters against the G8
• meeting in Genoa, Italy
• 3 dead, hundreds hospitalized

12
Causes of Anti-globalization Movement

• Globalization globalizes money and corporations,
  but not people and unions
• Outsourcing and offshoring caused millions of
  westerns lost jobs or paid less
• Fear losing jobs in western countries
• Exploitation of the resources in the developing
  countries by western countries

13
Why anti-globalization? (contd)

• Economical
• Exploitation of the resources in the third world
  country
• Example of Starbucks Vs. Ethiopian Coffee
• Ethiopians demand Starbucks support to trademark
  3 of its coffees in US
• 4, a cup of Cappuccino at Starbucks
• .50, a day income
• of the Ethiopian farmer
• at the coffee farm

14
Why anti-globalization? (contd)

• Cultural
• Local or minority culture are facing the fate of
  disappearing
• Western culture invaded into developing countries
  
• Example McDonalds
• More than 100 countries
• 30,000 restaurants
• Serves 50 million people daily

15
Why anti-globalization? (contd)

• Environmental
• Aggravated pollution, Global warming, losses in
  biodiversity and species extinction
• Average global temperatures are estimated to rise
  1- 3.5 centigrade (33.8 38.5 degrees) by 2050
• Developed industrial countries export hazardous
  waste to third world countries
• Example one global
• agribusiness firm closed a terminal
• in Brazil's Amazon region for
• environmentalists

16
Why anti-globalization? (contd)

• Women and children
• 90 of the workers at the
• sweatshops are women
• Child labor hired by global
• companies in developing countries
• Example 14-year-old workers in Nike factories in
  Indonesia

17
Why anti-globalization? (contd)

• Human rights
• More and more strict immigration restrictions in
  developed countries, no free move for labors
• In sweatshops in developing countries, harsh
  working conditions, low pay and overtime working
  are common
• Example The Pouty Bratz dolls factory in
  Southern China
• Working 94 hours a week
• 17 cents, workers are paid for making each doll
• 19, retail price in US
• More than 120 million Bratz dolls sold in US
  since 2001

18
Why anti-globalization? (contd)

• Social
• The unequal wealth distribution worldwide
• The gap between the developed countries and the
  third world counties
• The gap between
• the poor and rich

19
Liberalization influence to Russias GDP
Sourcehttp//www.tiger.edu.pl/publikacje/TWPNo85.
pdf
20
Liberalization influence to Czech GDP
Sourcehttp//demography.anu.edu.au/Publications/C
onferencePapers/IUSSP2001/TablesPhilipov.doc
21
Globalization impact to unemployment rates of
U.S. IT industry
22
Globalization might be harmful to Developed
Countries in the future

• China is striving to create global automobile and
  electronics brands.
• Indias skill-intensive service sectors like IT
  and outsourcing are rising very fast.
• Western firms would face unprecedented
  competition from the two and other developing
  countries.

23
Conclusions

• Anti-globalization movements are the indication
  of self-protection.
• Globalization already resulted in many adverse
  effects and made a portion of people worse-off.
• Globalization makes highly liberalized countries
  expose their vulnerabilities to the rest of the
  world.

24
Can All Countries Benefit from Globalization?

• Establish international monitoring system
• Domestic
• each country should build up a system that can
  integrate into the global market
• protectionism in the domestic market
• International
• International institutions should reform to fit
  into the needs of the globalization, such as IMF,
  World Bank, UN
• Be more responsible for all the countries, rather
  than some or few countries
• Be more transparent and be monitored by member
  countries from third world

25
Can All Countries Benefit from Globalization?

• To enhance corporations between countries and
  regions
• Make free trade free and fair for both developing
  and developed countries
• Eliminate or reduce the trade barriers
• Get more countries involved into the global
  market
• Equal and balance development in the global market

26
Questions and Comments