The

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The Lost Colony
1587 Sir Walter Raleigh (from England ) set up
the 1st English colony on Roanoke Island ( NCs
Outer Banks)

• Raleigh named it Virginia after the Virgin
  Queen Elizabeth
• colonists complained that they didnt have enough
  supplies, so Raleigh sailed back to England
• the Spanish (in Florida) heard the colonists were
  w/o their leader prevented Raleigh from getting
  back to the island
• took him a total of 3 yrs. to return to the
  colony!
• English ships finally arrived, but settlers had
  disappeared nowhere to be found ? Lost Colony
  
• Found the word Croatoan carved on a tree a
  friendly group of Native Americans in the area
• Did the colonists move w/ them when threatened by
  the Spanish?

2
For 20 years, no one had the courage to travel to
the New World!

• Eventually, settlers would begin to try again.

3
Englands 13 Original Colonies(settling in the
New World)
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Southern Colonies

• Vocabulary
• investor a businessman who loans to some1 to
  help get their company started the investor will
  make off the company when it makes
• royal colony a colony that is no longer
  independent the king has put his own royal
  governor in charge
• proprietor an investor who is in charge of the
  colony
• refuge a safe place
• debtors people who owe others

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Virginia (1607)

• 1606 King James created Virginia Company ? group
  of investors
• 1) Virginia Company of London
• 2) Virginia Company of Plymouth
• Investors looked for ppl. willing to go to the
  New World to make send profits back to the
  Old World
• 1607 English colonists settle at Jamestown
• Gentlemen looking for precious metals (gold), NOT
  concerned w/ being carpenters to build houses OR
  farmers to raise crops
• Most settlers died from disease starvation
• Eventually taught by Native Americans to grow
  food tobacco
• Set up Virginia House of Burgesses (1619)? 1st
  representative govt.
• colonists chose 2 ppl to represent each
  county,meet w/governor his council 22
  men
• 1624 Unable to produce crops to make to send
  to England, king makes it a royal colony
• More settlers begin to come to VA w/ promise of
  lots of free land
• Settlers used indentured servants to work land
  for few years (pay their cost of travel to New
  World)
• As early as 1619, 20 Africans were purchased from
  the Dutch to use at Jamestown as workers
  considered indentured servants

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Maryland (1634)

• 1632 Lord Baltimore given a land grant to
  establish MD
• LB is a proprietor, authority over the colonys
  govt.
• Colony created as a refuge for Catholics
  (Protestants soon arrived ,too)
• 1649 govt. passed Toleration Act religious
  freedom to all Christians

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The Carolinas (1663)

• Settlers lured by tobacco profits from MD and VA
• Split in 1712
• Northern Carolina farmers grew only enough food
  to live on exported tar, pitch, turpentine
• Southern Carolina a major port city on the
  coast, exporting rice indigo
• 1729 made independent royal colonies

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Georgia (1732)

• Last of the 13 to be established
• Created as a refuge for debtors criminals
• also a military post against Spain who had
  colonized Florida ? plan unsuccessful
• 1752 became a royal colony

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Middle Colonies

• Vocabulary
• Quakers religious group of people seeking refuge
  from the Old World believed in the equality of
  all (men women, white ppl black ppl. didnt
  believe in slavery helped many slaves to
  freedom through the Underground Railroad
• persecution to be severely mistreated, tortured,
  sometimes killed
• clergy the church officials (priest, bishops,
  etc.)

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New York (1664)

• 1624 land grant given to Duke of York, calls it
  New York
• lots of political conflict b/t royal governor
  elected representatives
• Governor works for the king
• Representatives work for the colonists
• At first, settlers didnt want to come b/c most
  of land owned by rich people
• Very diverse population made up the colony
• Peter Zenger freedom of expression

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New Jersey (1664)

• Land grant given by Duke of York to nobles
  seeking religious freedom
• 1682 NJ sold to Quakers, seeking escape from
  religious persecution
• believed clergy shouldnt be paid everyone
  could know Gods will
• 1702 becomes royal colony ruled by New Yorks
  governor

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Pennsylvania (1681)

• 1682 William Penn creates PA for Quakers needing
  refuge
• Philadelphia - city of Brotherly Love, allowed
  religious freedom
• Gave right to vote to all colonists paid Native
  Americans for the land

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Delaware (1682)

• purchased by William Penn from the Duke of York
  for all immigrants

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New England Colonies

• Vocabulary
• dissenter some1 who disagrees w/ and goes
  against everyone elses thinking/actions
• banished to be kicked out
• state another word for the govt.

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Plymouth Massachusetts (1620)

• Pilgrims wanted to separate completely from the
  church form their own
• Pilgrims given land grant from the Virginia
  Company to settle in VA
• 1620 sailed from England on the Mayflower (ship),
  accidentally landed in Massachusetts
• Still on board, settlers wrote the Mayflower
  Compact ? self govt.
• ) the need for rules to govern themselves
• ) agreed to make just and equal lawsfor the
  good of the colony
• ) all men voted majority ruled
• Survived winter w/ help from Native Americans ?
  Thanksgiving!

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Puritan Massachusetts (1630)

• Puritans wanted to purify the church
• 1629 Puritans given charter to settle in MA
• Plan to create perfect Christian society for the
  world to model itself
• Puritans escaping religious persecution in Europe
  fled to MA
• Set up churches governed by its congregation
• Puritans came to the new world for religious
  freedom, but didnt allow others in their colony
  to do the same ? NO religious dissenters allowed!
• Salem Witch Trials!
• Roger Williams 1) believed church state
  should be separate b/c politics would corrupt
  the church
• 2) colonists should not settle on the land
  unless it was purchased from Native Americans ?
  hes banished from Massachusetts!

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Rhode Island (1636)

• 1636 Roger Williams started RI on land bought
  from Native Amer.
• Welcomed Jews Christians, allowed religious
  freedom
• Church state separate (Govt. not involved in
  church matters vice-versa)
• Anne Hutchinson challenged interpretations of
  the Bible

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Connecticut (1636)

• Established by religious dissenters
• 1639 Fundamental Orders of Connecticut the 1st
  written Constitution of the 13 colonies

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New Hampshire (1638)

• Established by religious dissenters (people who
  had been kicked out of the colony for having
  different religious opinions)

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• Investor
• Royal colony

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Geography/Climate

• - cold winters
• - rocky soil
• - waterfalls streams (small industry)
• - shorter growing season
• - deep harbors

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Economy Types of Crops

• - produced several cash crops
• - crops animals (wheat, corn, cattle, hogs)
• - limited to small farms, self-sufficient
• - diverse commercial economy
• - overseas commerce, early industry
• - manufacturing (grinding wheat, harvesting fish,
  saving lumber ships, iron)
• - small merchants dominate

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People Religion

• - more diverse than South
• - Puritans, Pilgrims, Quakers
• - family-oriented
• - strong Puritan work ethic
• - supported education an interest in higher
  education
• - stressed literacy reading the Bible
• - small merchants

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Social Town Structure

• - cluster of small towns
• - lots of port cities needed for trade
• - church! church! church!
• - Enlightenment intellectual movement
• - use reason methods to experiment, obtain
  knowledge
• - Great Awakening

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Slavery

• - economy demanded fewer farms, smaller farms
• - industry enough people needed jobs
• - less initiative to turn to slavery than South
• - wheat corn didnt need as much labor as
  southern crops

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Political

• - democratic govt. consent of the people
• - town meetings in cluster of small towns
• - strong feelings of self-govt.
• - laws govt. solve problems

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Geography/Climate

• - good, big, flat rivers (transportation)
• - no waterfalls
• - broad lowlands
• - long growing season
• - fertile soil

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Economy Types of Crops

• - cash crops (tobacco, rice, indigo)
• - plantation economy (huge plantations, planters
  controlled economy)
• - based on growing crops that were in constant
  demand

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People Religion

• - spread out over large areas fewer people
• - less diverse majority were Englishmen
• - had servants
• - women were 2nd class citizens
• - survival of self mentality
• - most like England

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Social Town Structure

• - few towns plantations instead
• - plantations built along rivers
• - rural self-sufficient (needs were met - grow
  own food, milk own cows, etc)
• - not much social interaction

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Slavery

• - indentured servants eventually turned to
  slavery
• - slave labor on plantations b/c crops depended
  on heavy labor (tobacco rice)

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Political

• - planter Aristocracy people with land and
  have power and are in charge