World Trade Center Reconstruction Post 9/11

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World Trade Center ReconstructionPost 9/11

• Lindsay Coleman, Erik Hanselman,     Zorica
  Milovanovic  Sean Soss 

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Post 9/11 Statistics

• Total number of people killed 2,819
• Tons of debris removed 1,506,124
• Estimated cost of clean-up 600 million
• Economic loss to New York 105 billion

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9/11

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Larry Silverstein

• Won a bid in 1980 to construct 7 World Trade
  Center.
• July 2001
• 99-year lease of the World Trade Center from the
  Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.
• Negotiated with 24 insurance companies
  for maximum coverage. 

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Insurance Payments
"The two hijacked airliners that struck the
110-story twin towers Sept. 11 were separate
'occurrences' for insurance purposes, entitling
him to collect twice on 3.6 billion of
policies." - Spokesperson for Larry Silverstein

• Insurance companies insisted that it was a single
  event.
• Jury ruling
• Settlement

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The Players

• Volunteers, Families, and Victims of 9/11
• Governor George Pataki
• Mayor Rudy Giuliani
• The Lower Manhattan Development Corps
• Mayor Michael Bloomberg
• Governor David Paterson
• The NY State Port Authority

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Volunteers, Families, and Victims

• 2010, still problems with memorial 
• Fireman Glenn Corbett raises concerns
• Prohibition of inclusion of rank designation
• Lack of consultation of families
• Victim portrayal vs. terrorist portrayal
• One flag
• Although a memorial has been included, most of
  the space will be devoted to offices.

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Governor George Pataki

• New York State's 53rd Governor
• Took office January 1st, 1995
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• Left office December 31st, 2006
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•  Long history in politics
• Held first public office in 1981

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Pataki on Reconstruction...

• International Freedom Center
• Proposed in 2004
• Adjacent to Ground Zero, a "cultural center"
•  Supported by George Soros, Anthony Romero (ACLU)
• In 2005, Pataki was opposed to the idea of this
  museum
• "too much opposition, too much controversy
• St. Nicolas's Church 
•  Supported by Pataki from 2001
• August 2010 press conference

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Mayor Rudy Giuliani

• Mayor of New York City from 1994 to 2001
• Received much attention for his leadership
  following the attacks
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• Received honorary knightship

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Giuliani on Reconstruction...

• In 2002, expressed disapproval for all proposals
• Plans focused on office development
• Giuliani wanted more attention towards a memorial

"Tomorrow New York is going to be here. And we're
going to rebuild, and we're going to be stronger
than we were before... I want the people of New
York to be an example to the rest of the country,
and the rest of the world, that terrorism can't
stop us."
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The Lower Manhattan Development Corporation

• Joint effort between Giuliani and Pataki
• "committed to an open, inclusive, and transparent
  planning process"
• Unveiled seven plans for redevelopment

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Mayor Michael Bloomberg

• Succeeded Giulilani in 2001 until 2005
• In 2008, expressed disapproval of the LMDC
• Moving too slow
• Grabs for power
• Too many levels of bureaucracy

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Governor David Paterson

• 55th Governor of New York State
• Served 2008 to 2010
• Heavily criticized for omitting reconstruction in
  his "State of the State" address

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The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey

• In 1916, New Jersey files lawsuit against New
  York
• Harbor Development Commission of 1917
• The Port Authority is established in 1921

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Its Role

• Runs most regional transportation infrastructure
  with the Port of New York and New Jersey

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Its Make Up

• Headed by the governors of New York and New
  Jersey
• Six appointed commission members
• Appointed Executive Director
• Port Authority has no power to tax and does not
  receive tax money

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Revenue
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Original Construction

• David Rockefeller needed public funding
• Port Authority becomes the overseer of the
  construction of the World Trade Center

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Port Authority Real Estate
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The September 11th attacks

• Port Authoritys headquarters was located in One
  World Trade Center
• Employees were among the causalities

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World Trade Center Budget
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WTC Current Budget and Time Table
Completion Dates           Target Date        
     Probable Date                        Budget
Estimate Transportation Hub          4Q 2013
                    2Q 2014                      
  3.2 Billion Memorial Interim Plaza     4Q
2010                     1Q 2011 Complete Plaza
                   3Q 2011                     4Q
2011 Museum Completion         1Q 2013       
             2Q 2013 Freedom Tower            
      2Q 2013                     4Q 2013       
                3.1 Billion Greenwich Street
                2Q 2012                     4Q
2012                       281 Million Vehicle
Security Center      1Q 2012                   
 3Q 2012                       633 Million
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A Major Transit Hub

• PATH service resume in November 2003
•  3.2 billion World Trade Center Transportation
  Hub project

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Safety in Mind
6 billion spent on various security measures
since the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001
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Silverstein vs. Port Authority

• Silverstein requests more financing from Port
  Authority
• Panel of arbitrators rules against Silverstein
• Port Authority and Silverstein reach agreement

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One World Trade Center

• 1 (Freedom Tower), 2, 3, 4,            and 5
  World Trade Center
• 7 World Trade Center
• National September 11        Memorial Museum
• Transportation Hub

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The 2005 Redesign

• NYPD security standards
• Set back 90 ft from street
• 65 ft from original location
• Tower will no longer twist
• 20 slimmer
• New tower solid base centered spire

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    The Old                 New Plans
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National September 11 Memorial Museum

• Budget 530 million
• Expected completion September 11, 2011

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Criticism/Concerns of "Reflecting Absence"

•    Cost
• most expensive memorial to date  ( 500 million)
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• 40 million for yearly upkeep

"There's just not an unlimited amount of money
that we can spend on a memorial."     -Michael
Bloomberg

•    Structure
• memorial originally below ground level

•    Names
• FDNY NYPD want names of officers to appear
  separate 

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QUESTIONS

1. Do you believe that the jury was correct in
   stating that the 9/11 events were two occurrences
   as opposed to a single one (for insurance
   purposes)?
2. Given that 25 of the Port Authority annual
   budget is allotted toward rebuilding the World
   Trade Center Site, how important is it that the
   Port Authority completes  construction by the
   expected date?
3. How do you think the major players (those
   involved in rebuilding efforts) could have better
   accommodated the victim's families
   to memorialize the World Trade Centers?
4. The One World Trade Center was redesigned for
   safety reasons. With the massive Transit Hub and
   the Sept. 11 Memorial and Museum located nearby, 
   likely to attract  hundreds of thousands of
   people to that location, is the redesign even
   relevant?