Integrated Water Resources Management:

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Integrated Water Resources Management An
Introduction
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Course Objectives

• To provide training in key principles and themes
  of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM).
• To show IWRMs key linkages to development and to
  addressing poverty reduction, water and health,
  and water and food (MDGs).
• To train trainers to apply IWRM principles for
  awareness raising and capacity building in
  advising decision makers and in preparing
  curriculum in IWRM training.
• To plan implementation strategy and actions for
  training of trainers in IWRM at the network and
  regional level.

3
About Water .

• A Single Resource has no substitute
• A Limited Resource
• A Scarce Resource (or is it?)
• Has Social, Economic, and Environmental Value
  (social and environment are recent)

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A Unique Resource

• Every organism, individual, and ecosystem on the
  planet depends on water for survival.
• Water impacts all aspects of life on the planet
• Poor water management and water shortages can
  lead to disease, malnutrition, reduced economic
  growth, social instability, conflict, and
  environmental disaster.

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The Global Water Budget
Global Water 97 Seawater 3 Freshwater
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A Challenge to Water Management
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Top 10 Largest Cities by 2015
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The Water Scene

• Resources are scarce
• Demands are outstripping supplies
• Environmental/Ecological issues are serious
• Policy and institutional issues are complicated
• Current approach is sectoral and fragmented
• Financing is poor and options are expensive

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Where Are We Headed?

• Decreasing per-capita availability
• Degrading water quality
• Increasing competition/conflict within sectors
  and within society
• Urban versus agriculture
• Haves versus have nots
• Upstream versus downstream
• National versus international
• Increasing competition/conflict with the
  environment

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Water as a Global Issue

• Water crisis has steadily moved up the global
  agenda
• The process is driven by
• water-related health impacts,
• rapid industrialization,
• water security, and
• awakening environmental consciousness

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The Paradigm Shift

• The Dublin principles (1992)
• Water is a single, finite resource
• Water management and development should include
  stakeholders
• Water is an economic good
• Women play a central role in management and
  conservation of water
• The Dublin Principles have served as guide for
  the global water dialogue

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Key Water Challenges and Needs

• Integrated management of water
• Water resources economics
• Political economy of water
• Water supply and sanitation services
• Irrigation/drainage
• NRM and environment

• Water pricing and cost recovery
• Water entitlement and rights
• Water users empowerment
• Sharing of water and its benefits
• Cooperation and conflict resolution
• Energy

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MDGs a starting point

• Goal 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
• Goal 2. Achieve universal primary education
• Goal 3. Promote gender equality and empower
  women
• Goal 4. Reduce child mortality

• Goal 5. Improve maternal health
• Goal 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other
  diseases
• Goal 7. Ensure environmental sustainability
• Goal 8. Develop a Global Partnership for
  Development

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Approaches to Water Management

• Ad hoc
• Economic Analysis -- Single Project or Basin
• Multi-Objective Planning
• Comprehensive Multi-Purpose River Basin Planning
  and Management
• Strategic Planning and Implementation through IWRM

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The Water Balancing Act
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Integrated Water Resources Management

• A systematic process for linking water and
  water-related policy, objectives, and uses to
  improve decision making in
• operation and management of natural resources
  and environmental systems
• design and implementation of programs and
  policies.
• A coordinating framework for integrating sectoral
  needs, water and water-related policy, resource
  allocation, and management within the context of
  social, economic, and environmental development
  objectives.

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Why IWRM?

• Globally accepted and makes good sense.
• Key element in national water policy.
• Incorporates social and environmental
  considerations directly into policy and decision
  making.
• Directly involves the stakeholders.
• Is a tool for optimizing investments under tight
  financing climate.

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IWRM can be characterized as

• A process, not a product
• Scale independent - applies at all levels of
  development
• A tool for self assessment and program evaluation
• A tool for policy, planning, and management
• A mechanism for evaluating competing demands,
  resource allocation, and tradeoffs

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Dimensions of IWRM
GWP
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The Water Resources Development Process Sectoral
(or Use) Approach
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Water Resources Development The IWRM Process