Harmonizing biodiversity conservation and agricultural intensification through integration of plant, animal and fish genetic resources for livelihood security in fragile ecosystems Component 3 (SRLS). Project Code: 30036

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Harmonizing biodiversity conservation and
agricultural intensification through integration
of plant, animal and fish genetic resources for
livelihood security in fragile ecosystemsComponen
t 3 (SRLS). Project Code 30036

• Lead consortium
• NBPGR, New Delhi
• Consortium Partners
• NBAGR, Karnal NBFGR, Lucknow CSKHPKV, Palampur
  MPUAT, Udaipur ANGRAU, Hyderabad APSBDB,
  Hyderabad Seva Mandir, Udaipur
• Budget (revised) Rs. 937.58 Lakhs (2010-13)
• Date of Sanction 10 September 2009
• Fund release 22 January 2010

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Objectives

• Assessment, documentation and valuation of on-
  farm agro-biodiversity for livelihood and food
  security
• Assessment of economic potential of target
  species vis-a-vis cost and effect of conservation
• Development of an information management system
  to facilitate planned intervention for
  conservation, sustainable utilization of
  targeted species/ population and enhanced market
  access
• Adding value to targeted species/populations
  through technological interventions for enhancing
  rural livelihood security
• Capacity building in agro-biodiversity management
  for livelihood security

3
Critical gaps

• How can biodiversity be mainstreamed in
  production landscapes?
• How do initiatives, such as training in
  sustainable harvesting, affect the capacity of
  small scale or subsistence producers to utilize
  threatened habitats without inflicting further
  harm?
• How can local bio-resources be linked to market
  and economic development of rural poor?
• How are intellectual property rights important to
  conservation and the sustainable use of
  biodiversity?
• How have past changes in agricultural
  biodiversity affected rural livelihoods and
  nutritional security?
• What are the impacts of climate change on
  agricultural biodiversity and loss of
  agricultural biodiversity on adaptability to
  climate change?

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Interventions to bridge these gaps 

• Inventory of local bioresources and prioritizing
  diversity and farming systems for add value
  interventions
• Investigating different options for adding
  value to plant, animal and fish populations in a
  given social, economic and ecological context
  through
• Improving the material
• Improved farmer access to genetic materials
• Increasing consumer demand for products
• Other interventions and management support to
  local resources
• Rain water harvesting structures
• Vermicomposting
• Animal health and nutrient management
• Fisheries related interventions including
  ornamental fish culture, etc.

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Status on Recruitment of Contractual Services for
the Year 2010-11, 2011-12 (HYR)
Positions No. of Positions approved Estimated time of staff in position,
RAs/ SRFs 9 RA / 14 SRF NBPGR, New Delhi RA- 3, SRF- 3 NBAGR, Karnal RA- 2, SRF 2 NBFGR, Lucknow RA-2, SRF- 2 CSKHPKV, Palampur RA-1, SRF- 2 MPUAT, Udaipur RA-1, SRF- 2 ANGRAU, Hyderabad SRF- 1 APSBDB, Hyderabad SRF-2 100 (Except NBAGR)
Office Assistant NBPGR, New Delhi 1 100
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Objective wise promised deliverables
Objective Activities Achievement
Assessment, documentation and valuation of on-farm agro-biodiversity for livelihood and food security   Survey and inventorization of local bioresources - amount of diversity present  Factors influencing genetic diversity Social, cultural and economic Agroecosystem- natural and farmer managed Agromorphological, farmer selection and maintenance Population biology Local level seed systems 60-70 area of all districts systematically combed Data on general farming practices, carrying capacity of the traditional production systems etc. being documented Loss of biodiversity over time and space assessed Studies on population biology currently underway
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Objective Activities Achievement
Assessment of economic potential of target species vis-a-vis cost and effect of conservation Cost-effectiveness analysis in terms of uniqueness and usefulness of diversity Important for local livelihoods Important for national breeding programmes Important for future food security Important for national consumption or sale High, useful, or important diversity contained in the country Rare or endangered species Crop, animal and fish genetic resource for various benefit enhancing add-value interventions identified and currently being investigated for nutritional and livelihood security of local farmers Data generation on uniqueness and usefulness of all other lesser known local genetic resources used in subsistence farming is underway for their future potential use
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Genetic resources for add-value intervention
Plant   Chamba Red rice, rajmash and maize (popping and sugary type) Udaipur Maize (Malan and Sathi), Sorghum (Desi jowari) Adilabad Scented rice (Chittimuthyallu), sorghum, red gram, green gram and black gram
Animal Chamba Local cattle, gaddi sheep and goat Udaipur Gir cow, Surti buffaloes, Sirohi goats and Sonadi sheep Adilabad Non-descript local animal cow (Ponganur, Ongole, Red Kandhari), buffalo (Surti type), goat (Osmanabadi, Konkan Kanyal, Jamunapari), sheep (Nellore)
Fish Chamba Rainbow trout, Arctic Char, Common carp , Snow trout Udaipur Labeo rajasthanicus, minor carps, Channa marulius, integrated aquaculture and ornamental fish culture Adilabad Carps - Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo calbasu catfishes - Mystus sp, Wallago attu eel, Mastacembellus armatus featherback, Notopterus notopterus small indigenous species, Chanda nama and freshwater prawn, Macrobrachrium rosenbergii
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Objective Activities Achievement
Development of an information management system to facilitate planned intervention for conservation, sustainable utilization of targeted species/ population and enhanced market access Sampling, structuring, documenting and presenting information for action plans particularly The amount and distribution of genetic diversity being maintained in traditional farming The processes being used to maintain this diversity The social, economic, cultural and environmental factors influencing farmers to maintain diversity on-farm The people maintaining this diversity in terms of gender, age, ethnic and social or economic status in the community Developing community information system and using information for action plan is currently underway. CBRs and local knowledge documentation system is being worked out. Potential options to "add value" to local resources, currently underway, are being implemented through collaboration between the community and the national GR system.
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Objective Activities
Adding value to targeted species/ populations through technological interventions for enhancing rural livelihood security  Improving the material itself Participatory varietal/breed selection Strengthening farmers' seed/breed management Improved farmers' access to genetic materials CBR and genebanks Seed/breed exchange networks Linking farmers' seed/ breed supply systems to the formal sector Incorporating local resources into agricultural extension packages Diversity fairs Increasing consumer demand Adding value through processing Organic farming Other technological and marketing interventions
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Achievements
 Improving the material itself Over 300 on-farm and on-station demonstration trials conducted gt 80 ha area in Chamba, 40 ha in Udaipur and 330 ha in Adilabad currently under traditional landraces of above crops with an average of about 350 farm households involved under crop component in each district Breed improvement interventions using locally available superior germplasm has started creating desired impact and farmers are greatly benefited participating in these interventions
Red rice
Chamba rajmash
Malan maize
Local sorghum
Ongole bull
Sirohi goat
Gaddi sheep
Desi poultry
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• Improved farmers' access to genetic materials
• CBRs
• Community Genebanks
• Diversity fairs

Community Seedbank at Som village Udaipur
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• Increasing consumer demand
• Adding value through processing
• Organic farming

Hulled red rice
Packaged rajmash
Value added milk product (khowa)
Maize (Malan) Papad
Popped sorghum
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• Product Features
• Himalayan whole grain rice, imported from Bhutan
• Grown at 8,000 feet, irrigated with glacier water
  
• Cooks in only 20 minutes
• Complex nutty flavor, beautiful russet color
• Soft texture, handcrafted, heirloom rice, grown
  without pesticides and herbicides

This rice became available in the United States
in the mid 1990s when Lotus Foods began importing
it
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Other interventions/innovative technologies 
Vermicompost unit
Compost ready for sale
Fisheries interventions at Udaipur and Adilabad
Vaccination camp
Polylined tanks at Chamba
Pond technology at Adilabad
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Objective Activities Achievement
Capacity building in agro-biodiversity management for livelihood security  Organize training camps on nutrition and health management of livestocks processing, and other add-value interventions including awareness generation on biodiversity conservation and use  More than 20 training and awareness camps on various aspects of genetic resource management and use have been organized in which local farmers participated and got benefited
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Status of Procurement of major items, Funds
Released, Utilized and utilization
During the years 2011-12 (in lakhs) During the years 2011-12 (in lakhs) During the years 2011-12 (in lakhs) Cumulative (in lakhs) Cumulative (in lakhs) Cumulative (in lakhs)
Funds Released- 2011-12 Funds Utilized up to Sept 2011 Utilization up to Sept 2011 Funds Released Funds Utilized Utilization
TA 5.46 5.88 107.7 24.22 22.41 92.53
Workshop 0.5908 2.35 397.8 4.71 7.70 163.48
Contractual Services 19.3 23.27 120.6 71.51 68.13 95.27
Operational Expenses 21.2 20.9 98.6 145.41 111.36 76.58
Training 0 0.372 0 14.77 9.07 61.41
Equipment 0 0 0 77.15 65.67 85.12
Furniture 0 0 0 1 0.90 90.00
Works/ Renovation 0 1.17 0 50 42.97 85.94
Others 0 0.8156 0 2.5 3.49 139.60
Total 46.55 54.76 117.6 391.27 331.70 84.78
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No. of meetings held
CIC 4 1st CIC Meeting 21 March, 2010 at
NBPGR, New Delhi 2nd CIC meeting 19th January
2011 at NBPGR, New Delhi 3rd CIC meeting 23-24
March, 2011at MPUAT, Udaipur 4th CIC meeting
13th Sept. 2011 at NBPGR, New Delhi CMU 2
1st CMU Meeting 27th Oct 2009 at NBPGR, New
Delhi 2nd CMU Meeting 23-24
March, 2011at MPUAT, Udaipur CAC 4 1st CAC
meeting 21March, 2010 at NBPGR, New Delhi 2nd
CAC meeting 19th January 2011 at NBPGR, New
Delhi 3rd CAC meeting 23-24 March, 2011at
MPUAT, Udaipur 4th CAC meeting 13th Sept. 2011
at NBPGR, New Delhi

• Synergy with on-going programmes
• Attempts underway to include local resources in
  agricultural extension packages
• Collaboration with State Biodiversity Boards on
  issues related to farmer empowerment
• Sustainability funds generated Rs. 70, 544

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ES framework developed and implemented
Environmental Environmental Environmental Social Social Social
Positive benefits Negative effects Efforts to minimize negative effects Positive benefits Negative effects Efforts to minimize negative effects
Cultivation of local varieties linked with low-input, or organic, farming can support farming systems through improving agroecosystem health and stability Nil N.A. High price premia for traditional landraces in domestic and international markets No variety alone satisfies all of the farmers concerns Anti-farmer policy distortions Social recognition by promoting non-economic rewards for conservation of agro-biodiversity Marketing support though labelling system not only provides direct rewards to growers, but also help to raise public consciousness of the importance of diversity and the need for public policies to sustain it
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Success stories/ up-scaled technologies
Title Intervention Impact
Augmenting the availability of the nutrients from fibrous crop residues through urea ensiling, UMB feeding and increasing the availability of green fodder by distributing and planting Setaria and Napier cuttings along the village bunds and common grazing lands UMMB are being regularly distributed to selected families in the target cluster villages for productivity enhancement and improving health and productivity status of local desi cattle.   Further, to augment the availability of green fodder for feeding throughout the year, about 5000 Napier root cuttings have been planted in Villlage Sanghani and Gola in the first phase during the last monsoon Enhanced milk production upto 1 kg recorded, providing enough economic and nutritional security to farm households
UMMB distributed to farmers at Chamba (H.P.)
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Title Intervention Impact
Demonstration of simple and convenient process of scientific and hygienic production of value-added milk products (Khoa) for adoption by farm households to extend the shelf-life of milk The farmers were organized to collect milk by forming the SHG and process the same into khoa for profitable marketing. To achieve this, the farmers were provided hands-on training and technical skills for quality khoa production. Khoa making machine was provided to the group by NBAGR. Generally 5-6 litre milk is required to produce 1 kg khoa. The sale price of 1 kg khoa in nearby market is Rs. 160/-. The working cost per kg khoa produced is Rs. 15/-including labour cost. The net profit from the 1 kg khoa is Rs. 73/- (Price of khoa is Rs. 160/- minus milk and processing cost is Rs. 87/-). Value enhanced from Rs. 12/- to Rs. 24/- per L Extended Shelf life of the processed product 7 days under room temperature (21 days if cool storage facility is provided) Standard quality product (Khowa)
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Farm pond technology at Adilabad
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Crop Parameters Traditional Practice Innovative practice
Tomato (2011-12) Productivity (t/ac)  8.2 14.0 
Tomato (2011-12) Income (Rs.)  82000 140000 
Tomato (2011-12) Labour employed (man-days)  48 76 
Tomato (2011-12) Cost-benefit ratio  1.82 2.54 
Cotton (2010-11) Productivity (q/ac) 3.86 7.36
Cotton (2010-11) Income (Rs.) 15466 29466
Cotton (2010-11) Labour employed (man-days) 30 48
Cotton (2010-11) Cost-benefit ratio 1.9 2.56
Redgram (2010-11) Productivity (q/ac) 3.1 4.9
Redgram (2010-11) Income (Rs.) 9300 14700
Redgram (2010-11) Labour employed (man-days) 14 20
Redgram (2010-11) Cost-benefit ratio 1.69 2.26
Bengalram (2010-11) Productivity (q/ac) 5.25 7.25
Bengalram (2010-11) Income (Rs.) 11550 15950
Bengalram (2010-11) Labour employed (man-days) 16 21
Bengalram (2010-11) Cost-benefit ratio 2.68 2.95
Dolichos bean (2010-11) Productivity (t/ac) 3.60 6.88
Dolichos bean (2010-11) Income (Rs.) 57600 110000
Dolichos bean (2010-11) Labour employed (man-days) 65 90
Dolichos bean (2010-11) Cost-benefit ratio 1.92 2.97
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Key performance indicators
Indicator Baseline Value Performance Performance
Indicator Baseline Value April to Sept 2011 Cumulative
Number of improved technologies made available in disadvantaged areas Nil - 3
Number of improved technologies adopted in disadvantaged areas Nil - 3
Number of farmers using these technologies in disadvantaged areas Nil - -
Increase in agriculture services and processing enterprises in project area Nil - -
Increase in agriculture-based employment in participating farming households Nil - -
Number of farmer groups involved in project component activities Nil - 4
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Publications

• Bulletins/ Manuals 7
• Leaflets/ handouts 6
• Brochure 4
• Survey Proforma 3
• Popular articles 1
• Research papers 2 (communicated)
• Video films 2
• News-paper clippings 24

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Major constraints

• Difficulty in documenting impact assessment of
  various interventions on daily basis (provision
  of hiring local level Field Assistants)
• Documenting unique diversity (additional funding
  for quality analysis from referral/ established
  labs.)
• Community interventions Difficulty in forming
  SHGs/ BMCs/ Cooperatives
• Marketing interventions- provision of hiring
  consultant for developing marketing model
• Sustainability funds - Limited opportunity
• Monitoring mechanisms for sustainability of
  interventions

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• Thanks
• http//nbpgr.ernet.in