Disasters and Conflict - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 30
About This Presentation
Title:

Disasters and Conflict

Description:

Case studies of disaster and conflict -Aceh -Sri Lanka -Pakistan -Hurricane Katrina. Recommendations and project goals. Your thoughts and questions ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:225
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 31
Provided by: Cli32
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Disasters and Conflict


1
Disasters and Conflict
  • Zoë Chafe
  • Worldwatch Institute
  • USIP Global Peace and Security Seminar
  • July 12, 2006

2
Outline
  • Disaster trends
  • Natural vs. unnatural disasters
  • Case studies of disaster and conflict
  • -Aceh -Sri Lanka
  • -Pakistan -Hurricane Katrina
  • Recommendations and project goals
  • Your thoughts and questions

3
Why Disasters and Conflict?
  • Immediate needs, survival mode
  • Direct competition for aid
  • Potential breakdown in social services

4
Disasters of 2005
Source National Environmental Satellite, Mario
Tama Getty Images, AP, Karl Schular IUCN
Pakistan, Reuters, Wade Laube
5
Disasters of 2005 Year of Records
  • 650 loss events
  • 100,000 deaths (only 3rd year recorded)
  • 157 million people affected
  • Unprecedented economic losses (210 bil)
  • Wilma strongest hurricane in Atlantic
  • Delta first tropical cyclone in Canaries

Source MunichRe, CRED
6
Disasters of 2006
Source ESRI/USGS, China Daily, AP/Bureau of
Meteorology, Save the Children, Matt Rourke/AP,
International Security Assistance Force.
7
This Year Disasters (so far) in 2006
  • Afghanistan Landslides, affected 300,000
  • Australia Cyclones, 200 million in damage
  • Bolivia Floods, 35 million in damage
  • China Floods, 957 million in damage, 100 killed
  • DR Congo Floods, 75,000 people affected
  • Indonesia Yogyakarta earthquake, 5,736 killed
  • Iran Earthquake, affected 160,000 people
  • US Floods, 200,000 evacuated on East Coast

8
Number and Cost of Weather-Related Disasters
19802005
9
Deaths from Weather-Related Disasters 19802005
10
Average Number Affected by Weather-Related
Disasters 19812005
11
Natural or Un-natural Disasters?
  • Ecosystem destruction
  • Climate change
  • Population growth
  • Human settlements in risky areas

12
World Ecological Footprint, 19612002
13
World Population, 19502005
14
Annual Population Growth of Cities and Slums,
19902005
15
Ecological Safety Net
  • Coral reefs and mangroves dampen waves and surges
  • Forests prevent localized flooding and landslides
  • Case for precautionary principle

16
Frequency of Disasters 1980-2004
17
Who is at risk?
  • Countries with low human development home to 11
    of people exposed to risk
  • But account for 53 of deaths from disasters
  • Disasters divert funds from social programs
  • Erase land and property records
  • Economic marginalization
  • Women at increased risk

18
Number Affected by Disasters 1980-2004
19
Disasters and Conflict
  • Selected cases of overlap
  • Disaster type can dictate amount of press
  • Potential to decrease human rights abuses
  • Aid can exacerbate conflict
  • Displacement can fuel future conflict
  • Military role necessary but complicated
  • Political leadership crucial

20
Case Study Tsunami in Aceh
  • Aceh site of 30 year conflict
  • Rich in resources rampant poverty
  • Illegal logging lucrative for police, military
  • Tsunami brought international attention
  • Common goals of relief, recovery, reconstruction
  • Peace agreement secured in August 2005

21
Impacts on Aceh
Acehs total population 4.2 million
22
Case study Tsunami in Sri Lanka
  • Civil war from 1983 to cease-fire in 2002
  • Tsunami affected all parties
  • Tamil Tigers accused government of discrimination
    in aid distribution
  • Aid slow to reach all communities
  • Peace talks resumed, but violence persists

23
Impacts on Sri Lanka
Sri Lankas total population 19.6 million
24
Case study Pakistan Earthquake
  • 50 years of tension between India and Pakistan
  • Earthquake killed more than 80,000
  • Landslides contributed to suffering
  • Border crossings opened for aid distribution
  • Disputes over logistics marred goodwill

25
Case study Hurricane Katrina
  • More than 1,800 killed
  • New Orleans heavily impoverished
  • Intra-societal conflict under media scrutiny
  • Breakdown in communications
  • Conflict increasing?

26
Foreign Aid to US
  • 1 billion in total foreign aid offered
  • From 115 countries and organizations
  • UAE was largest donor at 100 million
  • Kuwait donated 25 million to Red Cross
  • UK meals were quarantined
  • Offers from Iran, Cuba were rejected

27
Recommendations
  • Environmental protection for cooperation
  • peace parks, regional agreements, monitoring
    programs
  • Natural disaster prevention bridges political
    boundaries
  • Address war- and disaster-affected populations in
    comprehensive program
  • Strengthen civil society, encourage transparency
  • Creative and imaginative collaboration

28
Future goals of the project
  • State of the World 2007 chapter
  • Engage disaster and conflict agencies
  • Roundtable discussion, Spring 2007
  • Disaster book, expected Summer 2007
  • Strengthen and update web portal

29
Online Portal
www.worldwatch.org/features/disasters
30
(No Transcript)
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com