Nanotechnology at Michigan State University

1
Nanotechnology at Michigan State University

• Nanotechnology thinking very small
• The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)
• Nanotechnology activity at Michigan State
  University

2
The nanoscale

• 0.1 nm an atom
• 2.5 nm width of DNA
• 2,000 nm diameter of a red blood cell
• 60,000 nm diameter of human hair
• 5,000,000 nm an ant

1 µm 1,000 nm (nanometer) 1 mm 1,000,000 nm 1
m 1,000,000,000 nm
3
The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)

• THE WHITE HOUSEOffice of the Press Secretary
• For Immediate Release January 21, 2000
• NATIONAL NANOTECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE LEADING TO
  THE NEXT INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• President Clintons FY 2001 budget request
  includes a 227 million (84) increase in the
  governments investment in nanotechnology
  research and development. The Administration is
  making this major new initiative, called the
  National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI), a top
  priority. The emerging fields of nanoscience and
  nanoengineering -- the ability to manipulate and
  move matter - are leading to unprecedented
  understanding of the fundamental building blocks
  of all physical things. These developments are
  likely to change the way almost everything --
  from vaccines to computers to automobile tires to
  objects not yet imagined -- is designed and made.

4
What is Nanotechnology?

• While many definitions for nanotechnology exist,
  the NNI calls it "nanotechnology" only if it
  involves all of the following1. Research and
  technology development at the atomic, molecular
  or macromolecular levels, in the length scale of
  approximately 1 - 100 nanometer range.2.
  Creating and using structures, devices and
  systems that have novel properties and functions
  because of their small and/or intermediate
  size.3. Ability to control or manipulate on the
  atomic scale.

Ref http//www.nano.gov/html/facts/whatIsNano.ht
ml
5
An example of the economic impact of
nanotechnology
Societal Implications of Scaling to
Nanoelectronics, R. Doering, Texas Instruments,
in Societal Implications of Nanoscience and
Nanotechnology, NSF Report March 2001, p.69,70.

• Economic growth is fueled by
• Development of high tech industries
• Skilled workforce
• High-productivity economy

6
MSU research activity in nanotechnology

• includes at least
• 8.4M in research awards during Jan 2003 Oct
  04.
• funding from 8 agencies (Argonne, Dept of Ed,
  DOE, MEDC, NASA, NSF, ONR, Sandia)
• 8 universities and corporations
• 8 patents issued, 6 licensed, 15 patents filed

7
MSU faculty involvement
A research strength of MSU is the ease of forming
cross-disciplinary groups

• At least 35 professors from
• 4 colleges Agriculture and Natural Resources,
  Engineering, Natural Science, and Social Science
• 10 departments Anthropology, Biochemistry,
  Biosystems, Chemical Engineering Materials
  Science, Chemistry, Civil Environmental
  Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical
  Engineering, Packaging, Physics

8
Sample of Nanotechnology Topics active at MSU

• Biomimetic interfaces
• Composites
• Design of polymers
• Diamond thin film growth
• Molecular self-assembly
• Nanocrystalline diamond
• Nanoimprinting

9
Sample of Nanotechnology Topics active at MSU
(contd)

• Nanoscale fabrication
• Nanowire growth and deposition
• Properties of nanoporous materials
• Properties of nanostructured materials
• Sensor development
• Transport characterization

10
Nanotechnology Centers Institutes

• Center for Nanostructured Biomimetic Interfaces
  (www.biomimetic.org)
• Composite Materials and Structures Center
  (www.cmsc.msu.edu)
• Institute for Quantum Science
• (www.pa.msu.edu/iqs/)
• Fraunhofer Center for Coatings and Laser
  Applications (www.ccl-coatings.com)
• National Center for Food Protection and Defense
  (www.fpd.umn.edu/)

11
Center for Nanostructured Biomimetic Interfaces

• Focus on Nanotechnology developments based on
  membrane proteins.
• Effort led by scientists, engineers and doctors
  from MSU, Neogen Corporation and Michigan
  Molecular Institute.
• Funded by a Michigan Technology Tri-Corridor
  Grant (2004-2007).
• Website www.biomimetic.org

12

• Two majors centers within the CMSC
• Biomaterials
• Low-cost High-speed Polymer Composite Processing

• Examples of research activities -
• Green Composites Bio-Composites
• Green Nanocomposites
• Reactive Extrusion Blendings
• Biodegradable Thermoplastic Polymers

13
Institute for Quantum Sciences
The Institute for Quantum Sciences is a
multidisciplinary center at Michigan State
University, with a focus on the rapidly growing
area of quantum computing and quantum information
sciences. The IQS provides an environment for
scientists and mathematicians to explore the
fundamental physical characteristics of quantum
systems, to devise and implement prototype
quantum computers, and to develop quantum
algorithms and novel applications. Through a
vigorous program of lectures, seminars, and
workshops, the IQS stimulates intellectual
exchange among students, faculty, and academic
partners.
14
Fraunhofer Center

• The Fraunhofer USA Center for Coatings and Laser
  Applications, in partnership with Michigan State
  University (MSU), provides innovative RD
  services based on its outstanding expertise in
  coating and laser technology. We are a non-profit
  organization providing research services to our
  customers who include federal and state
  governments, multinational corporations, and
  small to medium-size companies. At the
  Fraunhofer Center for Coatings and Laser
  Applications we are committed meeting the needs
  of our customers. We dedicate the full resources
  of our operation to perform top notch RD to our
  customers' specifications. This includes the
  complete support of our scientists and engineers,
  providing a truly integrated service.

15
Research Strengths at MSU

• Nano-biotechnology (e.g., nanostructured
  biomimetic interfaces)
• Nano-information technology (e.g., IBM millipede)
• Nano-manipulation (e.g., Ning Xi)
• Nano-materials development (e.g., silver
  nanoparticles, composites, polymers)
• Nano-electronics (e.g., semiconductor
  nanostructures)

16
Sample of Nanotechnology Education Strengths at
MSU

• NSF GAANN Enabling Technologies for Micro and
  Nano Engineering Systems
• Talk for schoolchildren Nanotech Kids!
  www.egr.msu.edu/mackay/2003-NanotechKids_files/fr
  ame.htm
• NSF NIRT Center for the Integration of Nanoscale
  Components (CINCO) - MSU is a partner.
• NSF Engineering Center for Wireless Integrated
  MicroSystems (WIMS) - MSU is a partner.

GAANN Graduate Assistance in Areas of National
Need NIRT Nanoscale Interdisciplinary Research
Team
17
Current Research Proposals in Nanotechnology
Thus far in calendar year 2004 MSU researchers
have submitted at least 54 proposals involving
nanotechnology. For example,

• Non-Einstein behavior of nanoparticle - polymer
  blends
• Millipede project (IBM) - Nanoparticles will be
  arranged in regular arrays and deformed to store
  information at a density that is 100 times
  greater than presently available.
• MicroChemLab (Sandia) - Technology developed at
  Michigan State University will be used to
  stabilize the film.

18
The age of the Os
Info
Nano
Bio