MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC METAMATERIALS J' Halloran, University of Michigan john_ha

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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALSJ. Halloran, University of
Michiganjohn_halloran_at_engin.umich.edu, Tel
[phone]

Solid Freeform Fabrication of Metamaterials
Multidisciplinary Approach
The University of Michigan and Harris Corporation
will miniaturize antennas using
magnetodielectric metamaterials created by
topology design and automated fabrication methods
FabricationJ. Halloran, Materials Science and
Engineering Electromagnetics L. Katehi, K.
Sarabandi, J. Volakis, Electrical
Engineering Optimal Design Noboru Kikuchi,
Mechanical Engineering Integration, Design,
Commercial Implementation Harris Corporation
3-3 Magnetodielectric YIG Al2O3 Composites
University (U. of Michigan)
Industry (Harris Corp)
Military (DARPA, etc.)
Electromagnetic Metamaterials Design Method
Objectives

• Metamaterials with
• unprecedented properties
• Optimal Design of
• Electromagnetic
• Metamaterials
• High efficiency
• miniaturized antennas and
• Microwave devices
• Lab and commercial
• scale fabrication

• Integrate full wave EM tools with topology
  optimization
• Metamaterials from off-the-shelf dielectrics and
  ferrites at several levels of granularity

e,m
DoD Relevance
Revolutionary advance in antenna miniaturization,
reduced cost and complexity
Design with Periodic Microstructure allowing
Spatially varying composition and properties
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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS

• THE ORGANIZATIONS
• UM RADIATION LAB- EECS
• A MAJOR RESEARCH UNIT
• 12,000 sqft, 80 grad students 7 faculty
• INVOLVED IN ALL ASPECTS OF
• EM, ANTENNAS, RADAR,etc.
• UM COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS LAB-ME
• EXTENSIVE OPTIMAL DESIGN
• UM CERAMICS LAB- MSE
• HARRIS CORPORATION
• GOVERNMENT COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS DIV.
• EXTENSIVE ACTIVITY CREATING ELECTRONICS
• FOR MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS

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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS

• THE PEOPLE
• MICHIGAN TEAM
• JOHN HALLORAN, MSE PROF.
• FABRICATION AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
• LINDA KATEHI, EECS PROF.
• CIRCUITS, AND PACKAGING
• EBG SUBSTRATES
• NOBORU KIKUCHI, ME PROF.
• OPTIMAL TOPOLOGY DESIGN METHODS
• KAMAL SARABANDI, EECS PROF.
• ANTENNA MINATURIZATION, MATERIAL
• CHARACTERIZATION, MAGNETODIELECTRICS
• JOHN VOLAKIS, EECS PROF.
• EM DESIGN METHODS
• HARRIS CORPORATION TEAM
• DENNIS TEBBE
• MIKE NEWTON, RANDY PIKE, BILL KILLEN

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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
THE SYSTEM
SUBSTANCES Commercially available materials
META-DIELECTRICS Low loss dielectric Void Two
or dielectrics Graded properties META-DIELECTRICS
based on EBG Designs   MAGNETODIELECTRICS- m -e
METAMATERIALS
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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
Why are these metamaterials?
Designed to create specific tensor elements --
eij and mij Artificial materials
e,m
Tensor element values can vary with location eij
(x,y,z) and mij (x,y,z) We use EM-HDM design
methods to specify design values of mu-epsilon
at sub-millimeter scale
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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
m -e are the same everywhere
Conventional Technology Design antenna around
available material
Metamaterial Technology Design the metamaterial
along with the antenna design New Capability
gt Needs new methods gtNeeds Optimal Design to
discover the best arrangement
Pattern of voxels with Different m -e values
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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
Metamaterials require a breakthrough in EM Design

• Conventional Design Task
• Use EM tools to design radiator with
• simple substrate and superstrate

• Metamaterials Design Task
• Need EM tools to design radiator
• and metamaterial substrate
• and metameterial superstrate
• Must specify the m and e in each
• Voxel to optimize antenna performance
• (polarization, bandwidth, freq. response, etc)

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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
Key Task 1 Create Design Tools for
Metamaterials
Combine Topology Design Techniques with
Electromagnetic Full Wave Simulation Topology
Design with the Optimal Design by the
Homogenization Method (HDM) Noboro Kikuchi EM
Tools John Volakis EM-HDM EM-HDM creates
the recipe for advanced antennas with
Metamaterials
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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
Key Task 2 Create Magnetodielectric
Metamaterials

• The ingredients to use in recipe
• Create sets of available substances, which
• can be deposited in each voxel with proper
• composition/microstructure to achieve the
• m-e properties proscribed by the design
• Must understand relation of
• Local composition/microstr ?Local m-e
• Property simulation and measurements at high
  frequency

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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
Magnetodielectric Metamaterials
Solid- Void metadielectrics (e1 solid) (eo
void) need design and fab research simple
materials science Solid- solid metadielectrics
(e1 solid 1) (e2 solid 2) need design and
fab research less simple materials
science Graded metadielectrics e1 function of
position design and fab challenge sophisticate
d materials science Metamagnetodielectrics
(m-e) materials as ferrite/polymer or co-fired
ferrite/diel ceramic
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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
Key Task 3 Create Fabrication Technology
Useful methods to realize the Metamaterial
devices implements to mix ingredients for
recipe locate specific materials in specific
locations and develop full set of properties for
ceramics co-firing and microstr.
development Prototype Solid Freeform
Fabricaton (SFF) Existing SFF method Indirect
Ink Jet, Indirect SLA Realize bi-continuous
multimaterial Emerging SFF method Direct
multimaterial Ink Jet Manufacturing Harris LTCC
multilayer ceramic
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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
Metamaterial Fabrication
Prototype Solid Freeform Fabrication
(SFF) Existing SFF method Indirect Ink Jet and
SLA Realize bi-continuous multimaterial Develop
direct multimaterial Ink Jet Manufacturing
Harris LTCC multilayer ceramic 1) green
ceramic tape 2) punch holes- (perforations for
voids or filled vias) 3) print on features 4)
laminate 5) co-fire
CAD design
device
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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
Migrating to Field Applications
Prototype Stage
UMgt SFF for full 3-D Developmental, Slow
Manufacturing
Harrisgt LTCC for 21/2 D Commerical production
High speed SFF Mfg?
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MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC
METAMATERIALS
Key Task 4 Antenna Integration with
Metamaterials
U. Michigan Prof. Linda Katehi Prof. Kamal
Sarabandi Harris Corporation AIMM Program